188results about How to "Increase hydrogen production" patented technology

The invention discloses a multi-combination independent alcohol-water hydrogen generation fuel cell car. The multi-combination independent alcohol-water hydrogen generation fuel cell car comprises a methanol water storage vessel, at least two groups of methanol water reforming hydrogen generation and power generation modules, a car motor and at least two conveying pumps, wherein the methanol water reforming hydrogen generation and power generation modules are integrated with a reforming device and a fuel cell, a reforming chamber and a hydrogen purifying device are arranged in the reforming device, the temperature in the reforming chamber is 300 to 570 DEG C, methanol and water have the reforming hydrogen generation reaction in the reforming chamber to prepare hydrogen-containing gas, the hydrogen-containing gas is purified by the hydrogen purifying device to obtain hydrogen, and obtained hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell; the fuel cell is used for generating electric power which is used for powering the car motor; the car motor is used for driving a car axle to rotate so as to enable a car to run. According to the invention, the speed for converting methanol and water raw materials into hydrogen is high, the methanol conversion efficiency is high, the utilization rate of methanol is high, and the hydrogen-containing gas is easy to purify; the reforming device is easy to start, the stability is good, the vibration quantity is small, parameters such as the hydrogen generation temperature are sensitive to control, the safety is high, and the reliability is high.

The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen production materials, and particularly relates to a portable all-solid hydrogen production material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The all-solid hydrogen production material comprises a solid matter reacting with water to release hydrogen and a water-containing solid matter in a molar ratio of (1-12): (1-3). Water required for hydrolysis is provided by the water-containing solid for the first time; and the two solids are sufficiently mixed at a hydrogen desorption temperature, so that the hydrogen production matters comes into contact with water molecules more uniformly, then the actual water consumption for hydrolysis is greatly reduced and the hydrogen production quantity of a unit mass material is improved. Meanwhile, the hydrogen production material is all-solid, so additional water is not needed; and the temperature in the hydrogen production process can be controlled, so that the hydrogen production material is more convenient to carry and operate, and the hydrogen source of a hydrogen fuel battery is more compact and smaller.

The invention discloses an Al alloy material which reacts with water at room temperature to prepare hydrogen, and a use method thereof; the Al content in the alloy material is 3 weight percent to 95 weight percent, and the rest are one type or more than one type among Sn, Zn, Bi, Pb, Mg, Ca and In elements; when Ca and In are contained, the content of Ca and In is not more than 10 weight percent; the alloy material is prepared by melting alloy and then mechanically processing alloy cast ingots into foil-like or sheet-like materials; the material is taken as the raw material for preparing hydrogen, improves the hydrogen preparation capability when the cost is quite low, can prepare hydrogen on a large scale, and is easy to be stored and transported.

The invention relates to a biological hydrogen production technology, in particular to a method for improving the chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen production amount of a leghemoglobin ferrous chelate enzyme gene. The traditional chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen production method has the defects that chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen enzymes are sensitive to oxygen and easily restricted by the oxygen to lose activity, and the chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen production effect is limited. The invention discloses an application of a leghemoglobin ferrous chelate enzyme gene and a globulin subunit gene to hydrogen production by constructing the leghemoglobin ferrous chelate enzyme gene hemH and the globulin subunit gene lba in a chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast expression vector, transferring the expression vector in the chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast and expressing the hemH-lba gene in the chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast. The invention has the advantages that the content of oxygen in a closed culture system of the transformed chlamydomonas reinhardtii is reduced obviously faster than that of the chlamydomonas reinhardtii of an un-transformed gene, the oxygen content is kept at a lower level, and the hydrogen production amount is obviously increased.

The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen through the reaction between surface modified aluminum powder and water, which is a novel portable process for producing hydrogen, and can be directly used for providing hydrogen sources for the fuel cells of various portable devices. The process belongs to the technology field of chemical engineering, mixes the oxides of Al2O3, TiO2 or ZrO2 or the hydroxides of Al2O3, TiO2 or ZrO2 with a certain amount of aluminum powder, and then the mixture of the oxides or the hydroxides and the aluminum powder are cold pressed into a block; the block is heated under the vacuum environment, calcined for 1 to 2 hours within the temperature range of 600 to 650 DEG C, and then cooled to room temperature; the surface modified activated aluminum powder is obtained after the calcined block is grinded and sieved; the surface modified aluminum powder reacts under normal atmosphere and at the temperature between 18 DEG C to 50 DEG C in order to produce hydrogen; and the equation for the reaction between the aluminum and the water is as follows: Al + 3H2O - Al (OH)3+3/2H2. The process is simple; the hydrogen can be produced under normal temperature and normal atmosphere without the need of acid, alkali or catalyst, and moreover, the reaction products are chemically neutral and do not pollute environment; furthermore, the costs and expenses are much lower; and the process for producing hydrogen through the reaction between surface modified aluminum powder and water has positive significance in providing hydrogen for small fuel cells.

The invention discloses a rapid synthesis method and applications of a cuprous ion-doped zinc sulfide copper nanowire visible-light-driven photocatalyst. The cuprous ion-doped zinc sulfide copper nanowire visible-light-driven photocatalyst with high visible-light activity is rapidly synthesized through sulfuration of a sulfur source and cleaning by the pressure microwave-assisted synthesis method with water as a solvent, bivalent zinc salt as a zinc source and copper nanowires as a substrate. The catalyst disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the preparation method is simple and environmental pollution is not produced in the preparation process; a zinc sulfide energy band structure is changed through the doping of cuprous ions, so that the photoresponse of the catalyst is expanded to a visible region; the separating efficiency of electron-hole pairs is increased through the electron conduction capacity of the copper nanowires, so that the quantum efficiency of similar materials is greatly increased in the absence of noble metal; the catalyst can be widely applied to the fields of water-photolysis hydrogen production, solar cells, antibiosis, photocatalytic treatment of pollutants and the like.

The invention provides a method for producing hydrogen through continuous reaction between pure aluminum powder body and water under the conditions of low vacuum and warm water. The main content of the method is as follows: putting a certain amount of fine A1 powder body into a closed vessel with a certain amount of water (the weight ratio of aluminum to water is 1:2-2.5), heating the water mixed with the Al powder body in the vessel to a certain temperature (such as 40 DEG C), and then vacuumizing to a certain low vacuum state (such as 3kPa, namely, the gas pressure of 0.03atm). The Al powder body can react with the water continuously and generate the hydrogen under the conditions of the temperature and the low vacuum. The speed for producing hydrogen by the reaction of the Al powder body and the water can be further increased if the reaction temperature is increased successively (shown in the attached figure 1). The hydrogen-producing method is mainly used for supplying hydrogen to fuel cells carried by fuel cell cars and other medium-sized and small-sized vehicles or appliances.

The invention relates to a method applicable to a palladium-modified metal electrode with foamed nickel materials as bases. The method comprises the steps that an oxidation layer and oil fouling on the surface of the foamed nickel base materials are removed; bivalent cobalt salt and sodium salt are used for preparing electro-deposition liquid, an inert graphite electrode is used a positive electrode, the foamed nickel base materials are used as a negative electrode, electro-deposition is performed with constant temperature and constant current for preparing a Co/foamed nickel electrode, and drying is performed; the Co/foamed nickel electrode is placed in a tube type resistance furnace, the temperature is increased at a constant speed till reaching the preset value, constant-temperature calcination is performed, and then the Co3O4/foamed nickel electrode can be obtained; and H2PdC14 impregnation-deposition liquid is prepared, the Co3O4/foamed nickel electrode is placed in the impregnation-deposition liquid, the impregnation-deposition liquid is shaked in a table concentrator till the impregnation-deposition liquid becomes colorless, and therefore a Pd/Co3O4/foamed nickel electrode is obtained. The hydrogen-evolution potential of the electrode can be lowered, the hydrogen production and storage capability of the system are improved, and it is ensued that electrocatalytic reduction and degradation are rapidly and efficiently performed on halogenated organic matter.

The invention relates to exogenous gene expression and biological hydrogen production technologies, in particular to a method for increasing exogenous gene expression quantity and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen production quantity by codon optimization. In the prior art, the expression efficiencies of exogenous leghemoglobin genes hemH and lba in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast are low, thus influencing the increase of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen production quantity. The invention discloses a method for respectively optimizing the codon bias of the leghemoglobin genes hemH and lba. The codon-optimized hemHc and lbac genes are transferred into the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast to be expressed. The invention obviously increases the expression quantity of the exogenous recombinant protein; the expression quantity of the exogenous leghemoglobin hemH and Lba in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast is increased by 6.8 times; and compared with the non-codon-optimized hemH and lba transgenic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrogen production quantity is increased by 22%. The invention is applicable to regulating and controlling the exogenous gene expression of more species having codon bias.

The invention discloses a microalgae medium and a method for culturing microalgae to produce hydrogen. The microalgae medium contains a basic medium and an additive, the additive is DMSO, and the adding amount of DMSO is 0.1%-2% according to a volume ratio. The method comprises the steps of: (1) constructing a microalgae aggregate; and (2) resuspending the microalgae aggregate in the microalgae medium, and performing culture under an illumination condition to produce hydrogen. According to the microalgae medium provided by the invention, a certain amount of DMSO is added into an ordinary medium, when the microalgae medium is applied in culturing microalgae to produce hydrogen, cellular respiration is enhanced, so that more layers of cells in the aggregate are in an oxygen-free environment and participate in hydrogen production, the hydrogenase activity is enhanced, and the hydrogen yield and hydrogen production rate are also effectively improved.

The invention relates to a hydrogen separating high-efficiency gear type hydrogen palladium or palladium alloy film and a hydrogen separator based on the film. A gear type porous ceramic is used as a substrate, and a palladium or palladium alloy film is formed on the substrate by a chemical plating or chemical plating and electroplating combined method; and in the hydrogen separator, the two ends of the film are sealed by graphite pads according to a clamping and sleeving method. The film can provide a larger film area, so that the hydrogen separator is more efficient and compact.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an environmentally-friendly low-temperature shift catalyst. Through adding an M (K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Sr, Ba and the like) metal element into the existing Cu/Zn/Al catalyst, the purpose of restraining the methanol synthesis side reaction is achieved. The catalyst is characterized in that under the same water/carbon ratio (vapor-air ratio) conditions, after the Cu/Zn/Al/M catalyst is modified by the M, the selectivity of the low-temperature shift catalyst is remarkably improved, the hydrogen output is high, and the contents of alcohol and amine in condensate are lower so as to provide better conditions for condensate recovery and utilization and environment protection.

The invention provides a device and a method for electrochemically preparing high-purity battery-grade lithium hydroxide. The device comprises two electrocatalytic electrodes and two separators, particularly an oxidation electrode (100), a hydrogen production electrode (200), an anion exchange membrane (300) and a cation exchange membrane (400); wherein the oxidation electrode (100) and the anionexchange membrane (300) form an anode tank; the hydrogen production electrode (200) and the cation exchange membrane (400) form a cathode tank; the device further comprises a lithium removal tank; thelithium removal tank is connected with the anode tank through the anion exchange membrane (300); and the lithium removal tank is also connected with the cathode tank through the cation exchange membrane (400). Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the following technical effects: (1) electro-catalytic organic matter oxidation, electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution reduction and electro-lithium removal are combined for the first time; the whole system realizes simultaneous preparation of three products which are lithium hydroxide, hydrogen and acid.

The invention discloses a blended fuel cell, which is for the purpose of providing a direct-like sodium borohydride-hydrazine blended fuel cell. The blended fuel cell includes a fuel cell connected with an air blower, a fuel tank, a miniature transfer pump, wherein, the bottom outlet of the fuel tank connects with the miniature transfer pump and the fuel cell in sequence through pipelines, the outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the upside of the fuel tank, on the upside of which an air vent and a fuel filling opening are arranged, and on the lower part of which a residue outlet is arranged; a fuel solution is circulated through the miniature transfer pump; the fuel in the fuel tank is a sodium borohydride-hydrazine-water solution, wherein, the hydrazine is a chemical hydride whose hydrogen content is higher than that of the sodium borohydride, after the hydrazine is added, not only is the stability of the sodium borohydride improved, but also the energy density of the fuel can be enhanced, so that the producing of the hydrogen is easy, the energy density is higher, and the working efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.

The invention discloses a method for strengthening anaerobic dry fermentation hydrogen production of kitchen waste, and belongs to the technical fields of treatment and utilization of solid waste and environmental protection purification treatment. The hydrogen production effect of the kitchen waste is strengthened by adding chloroform into an anaerobic dry fermentation system, the kitchen waste is effectively disposed, harmless and resourceful treatment for the kitchen waste is realized, the production efficiency of hydrogen is further improved, and the recycling of hydrogen energy is realized. The hydrogen production quantity can be obviously improved by adopting only 0.05% of chloroform, the maximum accumulated hydrogen production quantity is 29.66 mL/g TS, and the degradation rate of carbohydraten reaches 43.07%.

The invention discloses magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder for hydrolysis hydrogen generation. The magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14.2 to 50.2 percent of Ca4Mg3H14, 34.8 to 85.7 percent of MgH2 and 0.1 to 15 percent of Mg. In order to increase the hydrolysis hydrogen generation rate, other hydrides and/or salts can also be compounded, and the mass content of the other hydrides is 0 to 5 percent based on the total mass of the components Ca4Mg3H14, MgH2 and Mg; the mass content of the salts is 0 to 11 percent based on the total mass of the components Ca4Mg3H14, MgH2 and Mg; the content of the other hydrides and the content of the salts is not 0 simultaneously. According to the preparation method for the magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder, a magnesium-calcium alloy is activated for hydrogen absorption after being crushed and ball-milled. According to the magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder for the hydrolysis hydrogen generation, the hydrogen yield can be increased on the premise of ensuring the reaction safety and controllability, and particularly the hydrogen yield at room temperature and low temperature is increased.

The invention discloses applications and preparation of a high-activity oxygen carrier in chemical looping circulation hydrogen production. The oxygen carrier is composed of a LaFeO3 composite metallic oxide with a perovskite structure and ferric oxide. According to weight of a final oxygen carrier, the content of the LaFeO3 composite metallic oxide is 50%-95%, and the content of the ferric oxide is 5%-50%. In the applications of the high-activity oxygen carrier in the chemical looping circulation hydrogen production, the reaction temperature of the oxygen carrier in fuel is 600-1200 DEG C, and the reaction temperature of the oxygen carrier in steam is 600-1200 DEG C. The oxygen carrier can be further prepared by using a seeping method or a citric acid complexing one-step method. The oxygen carrier is high in oxygen carrying rate, good in activity stability, resistant to high temperature, high in hydrogen productivity, simple in preparation method and suitable to industrial application.

The invention discloses clostridium beijerinckii for hydrogen generation via fermentation as well as a fermentation method and an application of the clostridium beijerinckii. The clostridium beijerinckii is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms (CCCCM), and has the preservation number of CGMCC No.9411. The culture method of the clostridium beijerinckii comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out anaerobic culture on a freeze-stored liquid of the clostridium beijerinckii so as to obtain a cultured bacterial culture solution; centrifuging the bacterial culture solution and then resuspending thalli so as to obtain a resuspended bacterial solution taken as an inoculant source; inoculating the inoculant source into a hydrogen generation culture solution and carrying out photophobic culture on a constant-temperature shaking water bath for generating hydrogen until the hydrogen generation is finished. The clostridium beijerinckii can be fermented to generate hydrogen by utilizing a carbon source and a nitrogen source which are common in natural world and are difficultly utilized by the majority of microorganisms, and ethyl alcohol, butyl alcohol and other biofuels are generated while the hydrogen generation is carried out via the fermentation. The clostridium beijerinckii disclosed by the invention is the first novel multifunctional clostridium beijerinckii strain in the current report, and can be applied to the hydrogen generation of biomass via fermentation, the production of biofuels such as ethyl alcohol and butyl alcohol. Thus, the clostridium beijerinckii disclosed by the invention has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production, and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst uses HKUST-1 as a precursor and is prepared by rapidly treating a sample through thermal decomposition in an argon atmosphere and an air atmosphere successively. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing HKUST-1 at first; and then heating the prepared HKUST-1 in the argon atmosphere to 300-500 DEG C, then maintaining the temperature, and carrying out a heating reaction in the air atmosphere for 0.5-2 h. A method for decomposing water toproduce hydrogen by using the catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production comprises the following steps: dispersing the photocatalyst in a mixed solution of water and a sacrificial reagent at first; removing air in a reaction system; and carrying out a reaction under visible light for 4-8 h, wherein the wavelength of the visible light ranges from 420 to 700 nm. The catalyst for photocatalytichydrogen production in the invention can generate hydrogen under the conditions of normal temperature, normal pressure and visible light, and has the characteristics of high catalytic activity and good hydrogen production stability; the raw materials of the catalyst are widely available and low in price; and the preparation method is simple in process and suitable for large-scale production.

The invention discloses a method for strengthening bagasse fermentation to produce hydrogen by using calcium carbonate and application. The method comprises the following steps: adding calcium carbonate in a basal fermentation culture medium to obtain a final fermentation culture medium; inoculating thermophilic anaerobic clostridium to perform anaerobic fermentation to obtain hydrogen. The bagasse in the method is common waste, and is in favor of directly degrading and utilizing the thermophilic anaerobic clostridium due to large specific surface area; the operation of adding a few of calcium carbonate on the basal fermentation culture medium is in favor of the utilization of the thermophilic anaerobic microorganism to the bagasse, and the hydrogen production capacity is greatly improved. Therefore, the method is especially suitable for preparing hydrogen.

The invention provides an aluminum-containing composition for hydrolysis hydrogen production. The aluminum-containing composition is prepared by grinding, 60 wt%-95 wt% of Al, 0.5 wt%-10 wt% of Ga, 0.5 wt%-10 wt% of In, 0.5 wt%-10 wt% of Sn, 0.5 wt%-10 wt% of Bi and 0.5 wt%-10 wt% of Sr. The invention further provides a preparation method of the aluminum-containing composition for hydrolysis hydrogen production. All alloy components generate many defects in the grinding process, so that multiple intermetallic compounds including InSn4, InBi and In3Sn are formed among the components, dense oxide on the aluminum surface is destroyed due to existence of the defects and the intermetallic compounds, and then conduction of a hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction is promoted. According to the aluminum-containing composition, in the hydrolysis hydrogen production process, the hydrogen yield reaches 1,210 ml/g, and the hydrogen production rate reaches 97.2%.