The invention relates to a biological
energy source and carbon emission reduction technology, and aims to provide a method for promoting
methane sarcina to reduce CO2 by using H2 through improved coenzyme F420. Comprising the following steps: gradually domesticating
methane sarcina in an
air atmosphere which contains H2 and has gradually increased
concentration gradient, so that the activity of coenzyme F420 in a finally obtained improved strain is improved to 3-5 times of that of an original strain, and the expression quantities of three
key genes frhA, frhB and frhD of the coenzyme F420 are respectively improved by several times; the improved strain capable of stably inheriting is subjected to enlarged culture and is used for reducing CO2 by H2 to generate
methane. The coenzyme F420 is directionally improved, the
electron transfer rate is remarkably enhanced, the synergistic effect of a methyl
coenzyme M reductase pathway and a
hydrogenase system is directly promoted, the CO2 conversion efficiency and the
methane production rate are improved, and the metabolic
bottleneck of natural strains is broken through. By improving the strain, the activities of
hydrogenase and ATP synthetase are enhanced, the
cell growth division is accelerated, the
apoptosis rate is reduced, and meanwhile, high
metabolic activity is still maintained under low H2
partial pressure.