60 results about "Biological hydrogen" patented technology

The invention provides a fluorescent probe for detecting biological hydrogen sulfide, with a structure as shown in a formula (I). The fluorescent probe, though not fluorescing by self in a physiological environment, can specifically and rapidly react with the hydrogen sulfide to generate a product with strong fluorescence, thereby achieving specific detection on the hydrogen sulfide. The fluorescent probe is good in stability and can be preserved for long time to use; the fluorescent probe has a long fluorescence excitation wavelength (>500nm), thereby causing no damage to an organism and being capable of effectively avoiding interference from biological macromolecule background fluorescence; and the fluorescent probe is high in detection signal-to-noise ratio, good in sensitivity, excellent in selectivity, capable of specifically detecting the hydrogen sulfide in a complicated biological sample, and good in biological membrane permeability, so that the fluorescent probe can be used for detecting the hydrogen sulfide in living cells.

The invention refers to a device for producing hydrogen by using microbe to yeast organic substances and conversion of hydrogen energy and electricity energy. It sets biological hydrogen producing reaction device, gas purifying device inlet connects with the outlet of reaction device, the hydrogen device is connected with purifying device, hydrogen energy and electricity energy device inlet is connected with the outlet of hydrogen of hydrogen storing device. The invention converts each kinds of compound inorganic substances into simple substance which can be used by microbe by decomposing microbe, and generates hydrogen through high efficiency hydrogen generating microbe. Finally, they are converted into electricity energy in fuel battery. It can realizes the controllable conversion between biology mass-energy and electricity energy. It applies to organic waste water discharging industry process and resource utilization, environment protection process to organic waste and water in city environment protection department and resource utilization, and so on.

The invention relates to a method and a reactor for removing nitrate by combining the processes of electro-catalytic reduction and electrochemical hydrogen autotrophic denitrification. Specifically, an electrode with catalytic activity is adopted as the negative electrode, and simultaneously denitrifying bacteria are contacted with the negative electrode directly. Under an electro-reduction condition with high selectivity, the nitrate in water can obtain electrons and is reduced in the process of electrode reaction, and simultaneously, the hydrogen evolution reaction happens on the surface ofthe electrode, part of the hydrogen participates in the reduction reaction of nitrate radicals on the surface of the electrode directly, while the other part of the hydrogen is used by the autotrophic denitrifying bacteria and the nitrate in the water is removed through the autotrophic denitrification. Thus, the current efficiency is improved, and a biological processing unit is simplified. Besides, the yielding water from a reactive tank is filtered by an ultrafiltration unit to remove microorganisms in the water, and simultaneously the ultrafiltration concentrate flows back to a biochemicalreaction chamber. The method and the reactor belong to the application field of a water treatment technique, and have the advantages of high current efficiency, quick reaction, simplified biological processing unit, easy operation and small floor area.

The invention provides a method for preparing hydrogen by fermenting biologically pretreated straw, wherein, trichoderma is utilized to carry out biological pretreatment on straw, the biologically pretreated straw is mixed with un-treated straw, and then the hydrogen is prepared by fermenting the mixed straw and hydrogen sludge. As the method utilizes the crop straw as the raw material, the resource of the straw is rich and the price of the straw is low, thereby effectively solving the problem concerning the resource of biological hydrogen preparation; meanwhile, the method also overcomes the defect that when conventional straw fiber material is used in the hydrogen preparation process, the efficiency is low; and the method has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, energy conservation, low cost, and the like, and can improve the hydrogen yield rate by 50 percent to 120 percent.

The invention discloses an organic waste treatment method in hydrogen alkane fermentation coupling microalgae breeding, and belongs to the technical fields of environmental protection and new energy. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing hydrogen through anaerobic fermentation; (2) preparing methane through anaerobic fermentation of residues; (3) applying hydrogen alkane generated to heat supply and power generation or to sale as vehicle fuel after being purified; (4) preprocessing fermentation liquor; (5) by taking the processed fermentation liquor as a matrix, breeding microalgae through carbon dioxide in hydrogen alkane generated by fermentation and carbon dioxide generated by burning the hydrogen alkane; and (6) mixing the collected microalgae with organic waste, and turning to the step of fermenting again. The method disclosed by the invention, through hydrogen and methane fermentation steps, improves waste treatment efficiency and energy recovery rate; the fermented liquid, through a nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of algae, functions as purifying; a sewage discharge indicator is achieved on an aspect of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the algae can serve as a raw material of anaerobic fermentation to continuously produce biological hydrogen alkane; and environment value added energy is realized.

The present invention relates to hydrogen preparation. Material is replenished continuously to spawn fermenting tank to ensure the continuous production of hydrogen producing spawn; nutritious liquid is pumped continuously from the material replenishing tank to the fermenting tank to ensure the continuous supply of spawn culture medium in the nutritious liquid replenishing rate of 0.5/day; and the spawn cultured continuously in the fermenting tank is pumped continuously with a metering pump fermenting biological hydrogen producing reactor in the rate fitting the nutritious liquid replenishing rate of the fermenting tank. The continuous culturing process has raised hydrogen producing capacity and improved fermenting bacteria structure, and is suitable for industrial hydrogen production.

The invention relates to a small-size biological hydrogen-producing device for a rural family. A rubbish breaking device is connected with a feeding port of a hydrogen-producing reactor through an auger; the interior of the hydrogen-producing reactor has a double-reaction area structure which is composed of an aerobiotic pretreatment chamber and an anaerobic digestion hydrogen-producing chamber; the broken rubbish is respectively subjected to aerobiotic pretreatment and anaerobic digestion hydrogen production; a valve which can be unidirectionally opened by facing to the anaerobic digestion hydrogen-producing chamber is arranged between the aerobiotic pretreatment chamber and the anaerobic digestion hydrogen-producing chamber; a nanometer ceramic film-coating roller for collecting hydrogen and aerating penetrates through the center of the hydrogen-producing reactor; a gas outlet end of the nanometer ceramic film-coating roller is connected with a hydrogen-film separating device for purifying and drying the hydrogen in biogas; the hydrogen-film separating device is connected with a molecular sieve hydrogen storing device; the hydrogen-producing reactor is mounted on a base; a 360-degree ratable universal wheel is mounted on the lower part of the base, so that the device is convenient to move and place; and brackets are arranged on two sides of the base and are respectively used for fixing the auger and the hydrogen-film separating device. The invention also provides a method for preparing the hydrogen by utilizing the device.

The present invention relates to biological treating technology of organic waste water or sewage, and is especially the biological hydrogen preparing process with organic waste water. The biological hydrogen preparing process includes introducing organic waste water to reactor with anaerobic hydrogen generating bacteria, and collecting and separating hydrogen; outputting the solution from the anaerobic fermenting reactor to regulating pond, and adding alkaline matter to regulate pH of solution to 6.5-7.0; and feeding the solution into photosynthetic reactor with photosynthetic hydrogen generating bacteria, and collecting and separating hydrogen for the second time. The said process has the fatty acid and alcohol produced in the anaerobic fermentation utilized fully in the second hydrogen production. The present invention has high hydrogen producing efficiency and high purification of organic waste water.

The invention relates to a method of preparing hydrogen by using xylose as a substrate for fermentation.The method particularly includes: adopting an xylose solution as the substrate and anaerobic digestion sludge, Clostridium butyricum INET1 or Enterococcus faecium INET2 as hydrogen-generating strains, wherein the xylose solution is an xylose water solution or cellulose hydrolyzate; fermenting under anaerobic conditions to prepare hydrogen, wherein maximum hydrogen yield of xylose is 105-330 mL/100mL and hydrogen generating efficiency of each gram of xylose is 66-228 mL.By implementing the method, the problem that the cellulose hydrolyzate cannot be fully utilized due to the fact that xylose is difficult to be utilized by microorganisms is solved effectively.Xylose is a main product of plant cellulose, and plant fiber raw materials are rich in resource, low in price and easy to get; xylose which is an important hydrolyzate of plant cellulose is used as the substrate for biological hydrogen generation, so that raw material cost of biological fermentation for hydrogen generation can be lowered and full utilization of cellulose raw materials can be realized.

The invention discloses a dark fermentation-light fermentation coupled biological hydrogen preparing process. According to the dark fermentation-light fermentation coupled biological hydrogen preparing process, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit is added behind a dark fermentation reactor, the components of the outgoing water obtained after dark fermentation are separated, thus the concentrated acetic acid is obtained, after pH regulation, the concentrated acetic acid is taken as incoming water of a light fermentation reactor, and meanwhile, the not utilized substrate is recycled and returns to the dark fermentation reactor to be reutilized. The product inhibition at the dark fermentation hydrogen production stage can be relieved, the pH of a fermentation system is controlled to be within the optimal range, the substrate is effectively recycled and reutilized, the total utilization ratio of the substrate is improved, the optimal substrate, namely, acetic acid is provided for the light fermentation hydrogen production stage, NH<4+> in the outgoing water obtained by dark fermentation is removed, then the inhibiting for the dinitrogenase of light fermentation bacteria is relieved, meanwhile, the interception and separation for the dark fermentation bacteria are completed, and the steps including centrifugalization, filtering and sterilization of the original process are replaced; the optimal hydrogen production conditions are provided for the dark fermentation and light fermentation stages, and the two-step coupled hydrogen production efficiency adopting the dark fermentation bacteria and the light fermentation bacteria is improved.

The invention discloses a fed culture method of hydrogen-producing bacteria and a biological enhancing method of a biological hydrogen producing system, which relates to a method for enhancing bacterial culture and the biological hydrogen producing system. The method solves the problems that the existing fermentation method has the defects of long startup time of a reactor, low hydrogen productivity and sludge loss during continuous operations of the biological hydrogen production. The method comprises the steps: A. hydrogen-producing bacteria are inoculated in nutrient solution in a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation; B. after the anaerobic fermentation, a part of fermentation solution is put into a biological hydrogen producing reacting device by a metering pump, and then fresh nutrient solution, which has the same volume as a part of fermentation solution put into the biological hydrogen producing reacting device, is added into the fermentation tank for ongoing anaerobic fermentation, thereby completing the fed culture of hydrogen-producing bacteria and the biological enhancement of the biological hydrogen producing system. The method shortens the startup time of the biological hydrogen producing reactor during the continuous operation to 15 days to 20 days, and increases the hydrogen productivity by 10 percent to 15 percent, thus avoiding the loss of active sludge.

A method for producing biological flocculent by biological hydrogen waste liquid is carried out by: 1) mixing producing fungus substratum of hydrogen waste liquid and flocculent to prepare culturing solution, and circulating acclimating flocculent by rich and poor nutritive alternating method; 2) transferring acclimated bacterial strain to biological hydrogen waste liquid at temperature 30deg.C, culturing at table speed 140r/min, and finishing acclimating to obtain biological flocculent when flocculating ratio>50%. It achieves high efficiency and safety, and more effective.

The invention relates to a fermentation-separation coupling biological hydrogen-producing method for improving hydrogen-producing fermentation efficiency. By the biological hydrogen-producing method, the problem of low efficiency and the like in the conventional process for producing hydrogen biologically by a fermentation method is solved. The fermentation-separation coupling biological hydrogen-producing method comprises the following steps of: introducing organic wastewater into a reactor into which anaerobic hydrogen-producing bacteria are added to perform anaerobic hydrogen-producing fermentation, collecting gaseous products, and separating to obtain the hydrogen; pumping biological hydrogen-producing fermentation liquor in a dilution chamber of a bipolar membrane electrodialyzer circularly; pumping a diluted acetic acid solution in a concentration chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialyzer circularly; pumping an electrode solution in an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, performing bipolar membrane electrodialysis, and separating organic acid from the biological hydrogen-producing fermentation liquor; and returning the separated fermentation liquor to the reactor for fermenting. By the fermentation-separation coupling biological hydrogen-producing method, the yield of hydrogen can be improved by 1.3 to 1.5 times, the pH value can be controlled to 4.8 to 5.5 without addition of alkali, the utilization rate of substrates is improved by over 50 percent to reach 100 percent, the biomass is improved by 80 percent, the specific hydrogen-producing rate can reach 2.54 molH2/mol glucose, and by the biological hydrogen-producing method, hydrogen production can be promoted greatly.

The invention provides a method for preparing biological hydrogen by using traditional Chinese medicine residue. The method comprises that: 1) traditional Chinese medicine residue enters a pyrolysis device, and air enters from the bottom portion of the pyrolysis device so as to make the traditional Chinese medicine residue be subjected to pyrolysis under a fluidized state; 2) the pyrolysis product enters a gasification bed, and gasification is performed by adopting water vapor and oxygen as gasification agents; 3) the gasification product enters a two-stage cyclone separation device to separate; 4) the gas being subjected to the cyclone separation is the gasified gas, and the gasified gas is sequentially purified through a venturi washing device, a washing tower, and a desulfurization tower; 5) the purified gasified gas sequentially passes through a reforming reactor, a high-temperature conversion reactor and a low-temperature conversion reactor so as to complete reforming and conversion; and 6) hydrogen purification is performed. The present invention provides the method for carrying out pyrolysis gasification on the traditional Chinese medicine residue so as to prepare the biological hydrogen. According to the present invention, the pyrolysis gasification of the traditional Chinese medicine residue is performed by using the double-bed system, the appropriate process parameters are controlled to avoid the generation of the tar in the gasification product, and the gasified gas is directly reformed and converted to prepare the biological hydrogen without cracking.

The invention discloses a sensing material for quickly detecting biological hydrogen sulfide and a preparation method of the sensing material, and belongs to the technical field of biological H2S detection. The sensing material is a heterostructure array material which Cu2O and Fe2O3 are periodically and alternately distributed on. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing anelectro-deposition solution; taking an ultra-pure copper foil and copper wire as electro-deposition electrodes, then putting the electrodes on an insulation substrate inside an electrochemical growthchamber in parallel, dropwise adding electrolyte between the two electrodes, and covering with cover glass; controlling a temperature to freeze the electrolyte, keeping at a constant-temperature state and standing for 20 to 50 minutes; exerting half sine deposition potential on the electrodes to deposit the electrolyte; and after deposition, taking the substrate out and cleaning with ultrapure water to obtain the sensing material for quickly detecting the biological hydrogen sulfide. The sensing material disclosed by the invention can be used for quickly detecting the biological hydrogen sulfide.

The invention discloses a method for green synthesis of magnetic nanometer Fe3O4 particles from water hyacinth and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing an extractof fresh leaves of the water hyacinth with 0.2 mol/L Fe<3+> and Fe<2+> solutions, adjusting a pH value twice, conducting continuous stirring for a reaction, further performing permanent magnet separation, carrying out suction filtration, carrying out washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and successively carrying out vacuum drying, grinding and sieving so as to obtain the environment-friendly synthesized magnetic nanometer Fe3O4 particles. The magnetic nanometer Fe3O4 particles s with a certain concentration synthesized by the method are added into a system for hydrogen production through fermentation of a straw hydrolysate, and have a remarkable effect of promoting the synthesis of biological hydrogen and the utilization of hydrolyzed sugar, so accumulated hydrogen yield, glucose utilization rate and xylose utilization rate obtained under the optimal addition concentration are respectively improved by 22.6%, 6.5% and 6.7% compared with control treatment. The methodhas the advantages of environmental protection performance, simple and feasible process, mild preparation conditions, cheap and easily available raw materials and the like.

The invention relates to technologies of energy conservation and environmental protection as well as CO2 emission reduction, and aims to provide a method for removing CO2 from biological hydrogen alkane gas by a phase-changing solvent prepared from ethylenediamine and DMA (N,N-dimethylacetamide). The method comprises steps as follows: after being obtained from ethylenediamine and DMA through mixing, a liquid phase-changing solvent is sent into a spray decarbonization reactor, atomized, sprayed and subjected to countercurrent mixing with biological hydrogen alkane gas; solid precipitates produced through the reaction are subjected to solid-liquid two-phase separation with a liquid DMA solvent, and after gaseous phase products produced from the solid precipitates through heating decomposition are condensed and ethylenediamine is recovered, CO2 gas is collected and sent to a gas storage tank; the liquid DMA solvent obtained through separation, heating and condensation is recycled. With adoption of the novel solid-liquid phase-changing solvent prepared from ethylenediamine and DMA, the removal rate of CO2 in the biological hydrogen alkane gas is increased; compared with a traditionalalkylol amine aqueous solution EDA/H2O, the phase-changing solvent EDA/DMA has the advantages that the CO2 removal rate is increased by 15%-29%, the absorption balance time is shortened by 8%-20%, andCO2 absorption capacity is increased by 10%-21%.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a rapid detection element of biological hydrogen sulfide, belongs to the technical field of biological hydrogen sulfide detection, and solves the problems such as heavy instruments, complicated operation of detection, long detection period and poor sensibility of existing detection elements. The method for preparing the rapid detection element of biological hydrogen sulfide comprises the following steps: taking a detection base, dropping an aqueous solution of cuprous oxide nanomaterials in a detection tank of the detection base, then dropping a polyvinyl alcohol solution in the detection tank after natural drying at the room temperature to cover the cuprous oxide nanomaterials, and putting the entire detection base into a freeze dryer for freeze-drying, thereby obtaining the rapid detection element of biological hydrogen sulfide. The method provided by the invention can be used to prepare the rapid detection element of biological hydrogensulfide.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of a biological hydrogen feed additive. Firstly, strains of bacillus subtilis and saccharomyces pastorianus are inoculated and cultivated to obtain fermentation concentrates, then the fermentation concentrates are respectively mixed with feed materials, the mixture is stirred, the stirred mixture is dried to obtain fermentation solids, and finally, the two fermentation solids are mixed with natural hydrogen powder and natural medical stone powder to obtain a finished product. In the process of raising livestock and poultry, the feed additive can improve survival rate and immunity of the livestock and poultry, and at the same time can reduce consumption of feed. The production technology of the biological hydrogen feed is simple and short in production cycle, has good effects when applied to breeding of poultry and livestock, can realize odorless, harmless, resourceful and non-antibiotics (free of antibiotics, heavy metals, hormones,etc.), and has broad market prospects.

The invention provides nickel ferrite nanoparticles and a preparation method and application thereof in promoting hydrogen production, a water hyacinth extracting solution is adopted as a stabilizer and a regulator, a mixed solution of nickel salt and ferric salt is added, continuous stirring reaction is performed, constant-temperature heating reaction is performed in a water bath kettle, and viscous gel is obtained and dried; and calcining, grinding, washing and drying the product to obtain the nickel ferrite nanoparticles. In the preparation process, no extra chemical reagent is added except the precursor nickel salt and the ferric salt, expensive instruments and equipment are not needed, the operation condition is mild, the method is simple and easy to implement, economical and environmentally friendly, and further expanded production and application are facilitated. The prepared nickel ferrite nanoparticles are stable in performance, relatively uniform in particle size and good in biocompatibility, and have the effects of promoting biological hydrogen synthesis and utilizing reducing sugar in straw hydrolysate after being added into a dark fermentation hydrogen production system; and the accumulated hydrogen yield, the glucose utilization rate and the xylose utilization rate obtained under the optimal addition concentration are respectively and obviously improved compared with control treatment.

The invention discloses an immobilization method for improving biological hydrogen synthesis of hydrogen-producing bacteria and application, and relates to the technical field of bacterial agent immobilization. The immobilization method mainly comprises the following steps: synthesizing nano magnetite by taking original peach gum as a raw material; preparing the original peach gum into a solution, adding sodium alginate with the mass 0.5 times that of the original peach gum, uniformly mixing the solution with the nano magnetite synthesized by the peach gum with a certain concentration and a hydrogen-producing bacterium suspension, and dropwise adding the mixture into a CaCl2 solution to form immobilized gel beads. The immobilized gel bead is applied to a lignocellulose hydrolysate fermentation hydrogen production system, the viable count of the system can be increased, the accumulated hydrogen production after 120-hour fermentation is improved by about 60%, and the utilization rate of glucose and xylose in hydrolysate is remarkably improved. According to the invention, the nano magnetite prepared by taking the original peach gum as a raw material is used as an additive, and the original peach gum is used as a main immobilization carrier to prepare the high-efficiency immobilized microbial inoculum for the hydrogen-producing bacteria, so that the method is simple and convenient, the conditions are mild, the stability is good, the survival rate of the bacteria is high, and the hydrogen production promoting effect is obvious.