233results about "Ferroso-ferric oxides" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery material recovery, and particularly relates to a method for recovering a waste lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material. The method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding and sieving the positive electrode material of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery, mixing with an alkaline solution, stirring and leaching, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a lithium-rich solution and leaching residues; (2) introducing a saturated sodium carbonate solution into the obtained lithium-rich solution, carrying out heating reaction, filtering, taking a solid phase, and drying to obtain lithium carbonate; and the obtained leaching residues are dried, and ferroferric oxide is obtained. According to the method, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material is leached through the alkaline liquid phase, it can be guaranteed that lithium and iron in waste lithium iron phosphate are separated through a one-step leaching method, and therefore selective lithium extraction is achieved. The whole technological process is convenient to operate, mild in reaction condition and low in energy consumption, does not need to use any acid or oxidant, avoids generation of a large amount of waste liquid and harmful gas, and is high in selective lithium extraction efficiency.

The application relates to a method for one-step synthesis of strong magnetic hydrophobic Fe3O4 nanoparticles at low temperature and the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and application, and belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: adding a ferrous sulfate solution into a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate, heating and stirring to react, adding oleic acid in the reaction process, and obtaining black Fe3O4 crystals after the reaction is completed. The saturation magnetization of the obtained strong magnetic hydrophobic Fe3O4 nanoparticles can reach 85.69 emu / g at most, and the water contact angle can reach 148.95 DEG. The one-step synthesis reaction only needs to use oleic acid as a regulator, avoids an extreme high-temperature and high-pressure environment, does not need to use a toxic chemical solvent, the condition is mild, the process is simple, the operation condition is easy to control, and the method has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to the technical field of recycling of waste battery materials, and discloses a recycling method of lithium iron phosphate battery waste, which comprises the following steps: carrying out sufficient acid leaching on the lithium iron phosphate battery waste, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a leachate; adding a sufficient amount of iron ion complexing agent competing with phosphate radicals and a sufficient amount of lithium precipitation inhibitor competing with lithium ions into the leachate, and diluting to obtain a mixed solution; the temperature is controlled to be 20-50 DEG C, alkali liquor is gradually added into the mixed solution, when the pH value of the solution reaches 3.5-4.5, the alkali liquor continues to be added, oxygen is introduced into the solution at the same time, when ferrous iron in the solution is oxidized to 30-40%, oxygen introduction is stopped, the condition is maintained for 8-12 min, after it is detected that a ferroferric oxide product appears in a system, the pH value of the solution is rapidly adjusted to 7.5-8.5, and the ferroferric oxide product is obtained. Fully aging to obtain slurry containing ferroferric oxide; and ferroferric oxide is extracted from the slurry. According to the method, ferroferric oxide with relatively high purity can be recovered and obtained.

The invention belongs to the technical field of SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) detection, and relates to a preparation method of an Ag-Fe3O4 composite SERS substrate and application of the Ag-Fe3O4 composite SERS substrate in monitoring trace pollutants in water. Based on a plasma-semiconductor synergistic enhancement mechanism, cubic Fe3O4 nano particles with exposed {100} crystal faces are synthesized through a hydrothermal method, and the cubic Fe3O4 nano particles and Ag nano particles are subjected to ultrasonic-stirring to construct the Schottky heterojunction. The substrate creatively realizes dual-channel enhancement: the local surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag nanoparticles generates electromagnetic enhancement, the narrow band gap of Fe3O4 promotes photo-induced electrons to be transferred to Ag, an interface electric field is formed, and the polarizability of adsorption molecules is remarkably increased. When the probe is applied to detection of trace pollutants in a water body, the probe molecule RB is anchored on the surface of Fe3O4 through carboxyl, and the HOMO energy level of the probe molecule RB and the valence band top of Fe3O4 generate resonance charge transfer, so that the Raman cross section is improved. The detection limit of RB under 0.25 mW laser is increased by several orders of magnitude compared with that of a single Ag substrate.

The invention discloses a functionalized nano magnetic iron-based material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The functionalized nano magnetic iron-based material comprises a magnetic Fe3O4 core, a SiO2 isolating layer, a polydopamine electron transfer strengthening layer and a positively charged polymer three-dimensional microspace conducting layer, the magnetic Fe3O4 core, the SiO2 isolating layer, the polydopamine electron transfer strengthening layer and the positively charged polymer three-dimensional microspace conducting layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. According to the invention, rapid recovery of materials is realized through design of magnetic components (sedimentation time lt; 5 min) and cyclic utilization (more than or equal to 10 times); the dispersibility of the material and the affinity of microorganisms are improved through surface functionalization design; and the starting period is shortened by more than 50% through an electron transfer process strengthening and directional microorganism enrichment synergistic interaction mechanism.

The invention designs a preparation method of a magnetic molecular imprinting-aptamer sandwich fluorescence sensor for detecting kanamycin. And the magnetic molecular imprinting composite material Fe3O4 (at) UiO-66 (at) MIP with a specific adsorption target object KANA is prepared. When a detection target object KANA exists, the Fe3O4-coated UiO-66-coated MIP can rapidly and specifically capture the KANA in a short time. Then, a DNA single-stranded aptamer marked with FAM is added, after the aptamer and KANA captured on the surface of the Fe3O4 at-UiO-66 at-MIP are subjected to specific recognition and magnetic separation again, an aptamer probe can enter sediment along with the magnetic composite material Fe3O4 at-UiO-66 at-MIP, the fluorescence intensity of supernate is reduced, and quantitative analysis is conducted according to the fluorescence difference value delta F. When the KANA does not exist, the aptamer cannot enter the precipitate, so that the fluorescence signal intensity is not changed. Double recognition is formed through specific binding of an MIP imprinting cavity and the aptamer, matrix interference is reduced by means of fluorescence characteristics and magnetic separation capacity, the method has the advantages of being high in adsorption capacity, specific in recognition, high in sensitivity, wide in detection range, good in selectivity and the like, and rapid and accurate detection of KANA in a complex sample can be achieved.

The invention provides a magnetic bead extraction reagent, a kit and an extraction method. The magnetic bead extraction reagent is characterized by comprising a magnetic bead liquid I and a magnetic bead liquid II, the magnetic bead liquid I contains magnetic beads I; the magnetic bead liquid II contains magnetic beads II and does not contain an alcohol solvent; the magnetic beads I are used for removing impurities from a to-be-extracted biological sample containing nucleic acid, and the magnetic beads II are used for adsorbing the nucleic acid. By adopting the reagent or the kit disclosed by the invention, the bacterial liquid can be directly extracted without centrifugal treatment, and high-quality nucleic acid can be directly extracted after a bacterial liquid operation program is added. The flux is large, and nucleic acid of 32 samples can be extracted at most at a time. By utilizing the reagent, the kit and the matched procedure, the activity of the hydroxyl magnetic beads is ensured, and high-quality plasmids are extracted.

The present invention provides a method of producing hydrochloric acid, comprising reacting high-temperature gaseous chlorine and water vapour in a carbon-free reverse Deacon reaction (RDR) at a temperature of from about 450 to about 750 °Celsius to produce a mixture of gases comprising hydrogen chloride and oxygen. The chlorine is produced by fusing and electrolysing sodium or magnesium chloride in solid phase. The water vapour comes from thermally decomposing a hydroxide of at least one of calcium, magnesium and iron in the absence of oxygen to produce the water vapour without any admixture of oxygen (e.g., from atmospheric air). The mixture of gases produced by the RDR is immediately contacted with liquid water to dissolve the hydrogen chloride therein, thereby producing hydrochloric acid and a stream of tail gases. Heat is extracted from the hydrochloric acid to maintain its temperature substantially constant until the stream of tail gases is no longer in contact therewith. Thus the chlorine and water vapour are both supplied to the RDR at high purity and require little, if any, preheating. Heat extracted from contacting the mixture of gases with liquid water may be used to keep the RDR within its range of operating temperatures. Oxygen can be separated from the stream of tail gases, and the oxygen-depleted stream can be recycled back to the RDR to give a high percentage conversion of chlorine to hydrogen chloride. The RDR may be uncatalysed and kept within its operating temperature range by radio-frequency volumetric heating in at least one of the IEEE Ku-, K- and Ka-bands. The invention also provides a corresponding apparatus (1h) for producing hydrochloric acid, comprising an electrolytic cell (10) for the electrolysis, a gas-tight kiln (20) for the thermal decomposition, a gas-phase reactor (30) for the RDR, and an absorber (40) for dissolving the hydrogen chloride in the liquid water. The apparatus (1h) may further comprise a separator (80) for separating the stream of tail gases into the oxygen-depleted stream and a stream of oxygen, which may be fed to a steelmaking apparatus (90), for example. The liquid water for dissolving the hydrogen chloride can come from condensing water vapour obtained by drying an aqueous solution of sodium or magnesium chloride or of sodium hydroxide. The apparatus (1h) may therefore also comprise a dryer (60) for drying this aqueous solution, and a condenser (70) for condensing the water vapour thus obtained. Sodium chloride or magnesium chloride in solid phase derived from drying the aqueous solution may be recycled back to the electrolytic cell (10). Electricity for the electrolysis can come from a renewable resource. At least some of the heat for the thermal decomposition may come from the liquid metal which is a co-product of the electrolysis. The invention is therefore highly energy efficient and requires little, if any, extra energy, apart from the electricity required for the electrolysis. The invention also uses commonly available ingredients and produces no greenhouse gases.

The invention relates to the field of nano materials and photonic crystal materials, in particular to nano particles, preparation of the nano particles and application of the nano particles in self-assembly of three-dimensional non-close-packed photonic crystals. The nanoparticles can be self-assembled into a three-dimensional non-close-packed photonic crystal in a concentration range of 1 wt%-60 wt%. According to the invention, the problem that the self-assembly of the three-dimensional non-close-packed colloid photonic crystal is difficult to realize at low concentration at present is solved. By adjusting the mass fraction of the particles in a solution, the three-dimensional non-close-packed colloidal photonic crystal with rich colors can be formed through self-assembly, and the three-dimensional non-close-packed colloidal photonic crystal has wide application prospects in the fields of sensing, display and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, in particular to a composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material is prepared from magnetic microspheres, modified SiO2 aerogel and Mxene, wherein the magnetic microsphere comprises an inner core and a coating layer, the inner core comprises Fe3O4, the surface of the inner core is at least partially coated with the coating layer, and the coating layer comprises SiO2; a modified group of the modified SiO2 aerogel comprises at least one of amino, hydroxyl and carboxyl; the magnetic microspheres are positioned on the two-dimensional surface of the MXene. According to the composite material, through the synergistic effect of the magnetic microspheres, the modified SiO2 aerogel and the MXene, impedance matching between the composite material aerogel and air is remarkably enhanced, and the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the composite material is promoted.

This invention discloses a magnetic nano-silica, its preparation method, and its application in the enrichment of low-abundance proteins. The proposed method for preparing magnetic silica, while preserving the surface properties of silica and maintaining its protein adsorption capacity, also imparts magnetism; providing a simpler, faster, and more efficient technique for large-scale sample processing. The low-abundance protein enrichment based on magnetic nano-silica proposed in this invention can be applied to almost all sample types, effectively solving the interference caused by high-abundance proteins on the identification of low-abundance proteins during mass spectrometry detection, and increasing the number of identified proteins by 100%-700%.

This invention discloses a magnetic nanomolecular sieve, its preparation method, and its application in the enrichment of low-abundance proteins. The preparation method of the magnetic nanomolecular sieve proposed in this invention is simple to operate, employing a one-pot method. It simultaneously imparts magnetism while maintaining the surface properties of the sieve, i.e., its protein adsorption capacity, thus preserving its magnetic properties. This provides a simpler, faster, and more efficient technical method for large-scale sample processing. The low-abundance protein enrichment based on magnetic molecular sieves proposed in this invention can be applied to almost all sample types, effectively solving the interference caused by high-abundance proteins on the identification of low-abundance proteins during mass spectrometry detection, and increasing the number of protein identifications by 100%-700%.

The application belongs to the technical field of material application, and particularly relates to a graphitized carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method of the graphitized carbon material is as follows: (1) D-(+)-xylose powder and transition metal salt powder are weighed and uniformly ground; (2) after sieving, calcination is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere; (3) after grinding and sieving of the calcined product, washing is carried out with 1.0 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution, then washing is carried out with distilled water and drying is carried out, to obtain the graphitized carbon material, the graphitized carbon material has high adsorption efficiency on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in vegetable oil, and in combination with magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) technology, the detection limit is as low as 2.0 pg·g ‑1 The graphitized carbon material has excellent regeneration performance, and the material consumption and cost in the detection process are significantly reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of nano functional materials, and particularly discloses magnetic nano ferroferric oxide regulated and controlled by polyaspartic acid and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, a dispersing agent polyaspartic acid or a salt water solution of the polyaspartic acid is added into a Fe < 2 + > / Fe < 3 + > mixed solution, and the mixture is stirred to be uniform to form a precursor dispersion solution; (2) heating the precursor dispersion liquid, dropwise adding an alkali source to adjust the pH value of a reaction system to 8-12, and carrying out a nucleation reaction under ultrasonic treatment; and (3) after the reaction is finished, separating the magnetic particles through an external magnetic field, alternately washing with deionized water and ethanol for 2-5 times, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the magnetic nano ferroferric oxide particles. The prepared magnetic nano ferroferric oxide has the particle size of 30-80nm, the saturation magnetization of more than or equal to 36emu / g, stable dispersion and the cell survival rate of more than or equal to 80%. The method solves the problems of particle aggregation, weak magnetism and complex process in the traditional method, can be used for wastewater treatment, and is economical and efficient in process and suitable for large-scale production.

The application provides a method for preparing a magnetic heterostructure material of magnetite-graphene and application of the magnetic heterostructure material in a directional heat-conducting composite material, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials. The method comprises the following steps: (1) slowly adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a ferric chloride solution under water bath condition to prepare a ferric hydroxide gel, and sequentially performing drying and aging, centrifugation, cleaning and freeze drying on the gel to obtain a ferrous oxide nanocrystal; (2) adding the ferrous oxide nanocrystal, graphene and dopamine hydrochloride into a Tris buffer solution and fully stirring, and performing multiple centrifugation, cleaning and freeze drying to obtain ferrous oxide-dopamine-graphene; and (3) performing calcination reduction on the ferrous oxide-dopamine-graphene to obtain the magnetic heterostructure material of magnetite-graphene. The magnetic heterostructure material prepared by the method can be applied to the preparation of the directional heat-conducting composite material as a heat-conducting filler, and has the advantages of high operability, low cost and the like.

The invention discloses a magnetic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube in-situ composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material comprises a carbon nano tube and magnetic nano particles, the carbon nanotubes are combined with the magnetic metal particles, and the magnetic nanoparticles are distributed among the carbon nanotubes and are distributed near the magnetic metal particles in a concentrated manner. The aerogel formed by floating vapor deposition is in contact with the dispersion liquid with the magnetic nanoparticles, so that the magnetic nanoparticles are guided among the carbon nanotubes, electromagnetic shielding is realized, and in the process, a catalytic source containing magnetic metal elements is adopted, so that magnetic metal particles are constructed in the structure of the carbon nanotubes, and the electromagnetic shielding effect is improved. The metal particles are naturally dispersed and distributed in the carbon nano tube network, so that the magnetic nano particles can be guided to aggregate towards the dispersed metal particles respectively, and uneven distribution and mechanical weakness caused by aggregation of a large number of magnetic nano particles in the space are avoided.

The invention discloses a material reactor, a material reaction system, a method for decomposing a self-oxidation reduction precursor and application. The material reactor comprises a dividing piece and a reaction cylinder, adjusting the rotation of the reaction cylinder; the reaction cylinder is provided with a reaction cavity along the length direction; the dividing piece is placed in the reaction cavity; the dividing piece is provided with at least three dividing plates; one ends of the plurality of sub-plates are connected and are distributed in a surrounding manner by taking the connected position as the center; the other ends of the partial split plates are in contact with the inner wall of the reaction cavity; the material reaction system comprises a rack, a heating device, a feeding device, a discharging device and a material reaction system, according to the scheme, multiple synergistic effects of preventing adhesion, improving heat transfer and accelerating gas-solid reaction can be realized, and the problem of waste caused by the fact that gas decomposed by raw materials does not participate in synthesis and is directly discharged in a production process is solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic particle imaging, in particular to a core-shell nanoprobe and a preparation method and application thereof.The core-shell nanoprobe comprises a magnetic core and a nanoshell which is located outside the magnetic core and has a magnetic shielding response function, and the structure of the nanoshell collapses under the tumor microenvironment condition; the saturation magnetization of the magnetic core is greater than or equal to 50 emu / g, and the coercive force is less than or equal to 5 Oe; the saturation magnetization of the nano shell is less than 50 emu / g, and the coercive force is more than 5 Oe. According to the core-shell nanoprobe, through a unique magnetic core-shell structure design and tumor microenvironment response characteristics, a magnetic shielding layer is formed by using a low-signal nano shell with a response magnetic shielding function, and background signal interference is inhibited. In a tumor microenvironment, the shell structure of the core-shell nanoprobe collapses, the magnetic core is exposed, and a high magnetic signal is released and generated, so that the imaging signal-to-noise ratio is remarkably improved. According to the invention, the bottleneck that the traditional MPI probe is lighted in the whole course can be broken through, the tumor specificity is lighted and positioned, and the problems that the external background of the tumor is high, the contrast ratio is poor, and tiny focuses are difficult to detect are solved.

The invention provides an iron-based nano material, a preparation method and application, the material comprises magnetic iron oxide nano particles and a functional modification layer on the surface, the magnetic iron oxide nano particles are Fe3O4, the particle size is 10-30 nm, and the magnetic iron oxide nano particles have specific oxygen vacancy concentration, 337 nm laser absorptivity and saturation magnetization; the functional modification layer is an amino-containing polymer layer, such as a polydopamine or cysteine-polyethyleneimine copolymer, and can reduce salt ion interference. The material solves the problems of low molecular weight region background interference, non-uniform crystallization, low ionization efficiency, poor salt tolerance and the like during detection of 100-400Da small molecular metabolites in trace samples such as tears and the like by optimizing magnetic responsiveness, photo-thermal conversion capability and salt resistance of an existing matrix; the method realizes high sensitivity and high repeatability (detection), and is suitable for metabonomics analysis of trace biological samples.

The application discloses a method for accurately converting sphaerite into magnetite through neutral roasting, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing. The method places sphaerite in a nitrogen atmosphere for neutral roasting to obtain an intermediate product containing ferrous oxide; then, through valve pulse opening and closing operation, the ferrous oxide particles are activated through pressure oscillation of carbon dioxide released by the decomposition of sphaerite itself; after nitrogen blowing, mixed gas of nitrogen and air is introduced into the device in stages, and the number of aeration times is determined according to the ratio of ferrous oxide to total iron in the intermediate product, so that a roasting product with magnetite as the main iron phase is finally obtained. The application activates the ferrous oxide particles through pressure oscillation generated by the valve pulse opening and closing, and combines with the stage type micro-oxygen accurate control, so that efficient conversion of sphaerite into magnetite is realized, the over-oxidation to generate hematite is effectively avoided, the roasting product has strong magnetism, and is convenient for subsequent magnetic separation and recovery.

The present invention provides a powder that has high reaction efficiency and can maintain that reaction efficiency even after repeated oxidation-reduction reactions. The powder comprises iron oxide particles and oxide particles, wherein the oxide particles contain at least one of Cr and Si as an oxide, the average particle diameter of the oxide particles is 0.5 nm or more and 100 nm or less, the average value of the ratio Fmax / Fmin (the ratio of the maximum Ferret diameter Fmax to the minimum Ferret diameter Fmin) of the oxide particles is 2.0 or more, and the oxide particles are in contact with the iron oxide particles at an average contact rate of 20% or more and 80% or less.

The invention discloses an electro-catalysis method for synchronously and efficiently producing ClO2 and H2O2, and belongs to the technical field of chemistry and environment, a carbon fiber felt is used as an anode, graphite sheet loaded nano Fe3O4-coated three-dimensional porous graphene is used as a cathode, a potentiostatic method is adopted in a double-chamber electrolytic bath, the anode electrolyzes chlorite to generate ClO2, the cathode generates H2O2 through a 2e-oxygen reduction reaction, and the H2O2 and the carbon fiber felt are subjected to electrocatalysis. The cathode chamber and the anode chamber are separated through a cation exchange membrane, and the electrolyte contains sodium sulfate and chlorite. All the used raw materials are low in price and environmentally friendly, synchronous preparation of ClO2 and H2O2 is achieved, and the problems that an existing electrolysis process electrode is high in cost and single in function are solved.

The invention discloses a mineral insulated cable and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mineral insulated cables. A mineral insulated cable comprises a conductive core, an insulating layer and an embossed copper protective layer. The insulating layer is the magnetic particles coated with the silicon dioxide layer, has high insulativity, can replace magnesium oxide, has better low water absorption than magnesium oxide, and is beneficial to long-term stable power supply. After being magnetized, the magnetic particles wrapped with the silicon dioxide layers have permanent magnetism, can keep magnetism in a high-temperature environment for a long time, and can ensure that the insulating property is not reduced after the insulating layer is bent; the technical defects that a conventional magnesium oxide insulating layer needs to adopt a binder and the bending insulating property is reduced are overcome; and the cable is easy to bend and convenient to construct.

The invention relates to the field of radar wave-absorbing materials, in particular to a magnetic carbon nanobelt wave-absorbing agent and a preparation method thereof. The magnetic carbon nanobelt wave-absorbing agent comprises nitrogen-doped carbon converted by polyimidazolium salt and magnetic nanoparticles carbonized and converted by ferric iron salt; the average particle size of the magnetic nanoparticles is 5nm-20nm, and the mass loading capacity of the magnetic nanoparticles is 20%-50%. The magnetic carbon nanobelt wave-absorbing agent provided by the embodiment of the invention can give consideration to dielectric loss and magnetic loss, and the wave-absorbing performance of the material is improved.

The present application relates to a kind of nanometer magnetic beads for cell sorting and its preparation method.The preparation method of nanometer magnetic beads of the present application includes the following steps: (1) under ice bath condition, prepare aqueous solution containing trivalent iron and divalent iron;(2) using alkaline substance to adjust the pH value of the aqueous solution containing trivalent iron and divalent iron to 10-12;(3) reaction is obtained under 65-90 DEG C aqueous solution containing the nanometer magnetic beads.The preparation method of the present application can control the median particle size of nanometer magnetic beads in 50-200nm, and good particle size uniformity, while guaranteeing the sorting efficiency of cell, the function of target cell is little, and biocompatibility is good, has good application prospect in the field of biological medicine.In addition, the preparation method of the present application is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

There is provided a method of producing iron oxide pellets having a target internal energy measured as a target heat of magnetite equivalent (HME). Direct reduced iron (DRI) or reduced iron (RI) is obtained as a by-product of iron and steel making. The DRI is mixed with iron ore, a binder, other mineral additives, and a carbon material such as coke breeze. The iron ore comprises hematite and / or magnetite and / or goethite. The DRI is present in a concentration of at least 1 wt. % and the carbon material is present in the mixture in a concentration of from 0 to 0.8 wt. %. The mixture contains sufficient amount of DRI to maintain the target HME calculated as follows: formula (I) CV = calorific value and CM = carbon material. The iron oxide pellets are then formed from the mixture, dried and subjected to an induration process.

Nanoparticulate material suitable for administration to a subject, the nanoparticulate material having bound to its surface: (a) copolymeric steric stabiliser that promotes dispersion of the nanoparticulate material in a liquid, wherein the copolymeric steric stabiliser comprises (i) an anchoring polymer segment having one or more binding groups that bind the copolymeric steric stabiliser to the nanoparticulate material, and (ii) a steric stabilising polymer segment that is different from the anchoring polymer segment, and (b) copolymeric mapping moiety comprising (i) an anchoring polymer segment having one or more binding groups that bind the copolymeric mapping moiety to the nanoparticulate material, (ii) one or more mapping groups comprising an agent that specifically binds to fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and (iii) a coupling polymer segment that is different to the anchoring polymer segment, wherein the coupling polymer segment couples the anchoring polymer segment to the one or more mapping groups.

Systems and methods for sequestering carbon, evolving hydrogen gas, producing iron oxide as magnetite, and producing magnesium carbonate as magnesite through sequential carbonation and serpentinization / hydration reactions involving processed olivine- and / or pyroxene-rich ores, as typically found in mafic and ultramafic igneous rock. Precious or scarce metals, such nickel, cobalt, chromium, rare earth elements, and others, may be concentrated in the remaining ore to facilitate their recovery from any gangue material.

This invention discloses a method for preparing and applying nanocluster magnetic beads, comprising the following steps: adding a salt solution containing ferrous and ferric salts to an aqueous solution, dissolving it uniformly, then adding a dispersant to obtain a mixed solution, stirring evenly, and heating; adding ammonia water to the heated mixed solution, stirring the reaction to obtain nanocluster magnetic beads. This invention directly synthesizes nanocluster magnetic beads using an innovative one-step method, eliminating the need for multi-step synthesis and subsequent separation steps, and the synthesized nanocluster magnetic beads can be used for cell separation and MRI imaging.

Provided is a method for producing a reduced form of a metal oxide, the method being capable of preventing the production of carbon dioxide. The method for producing a reduced form of a metal oxide may use a partition member and a high-melting-point material that comprises an absorbent material and an insulation material.