83 results about "Glucose utilization" patented technology

The present invention is directed to novel compositions and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of disease. Methods of upregulation of GLUT4 via activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta activity in the adipose tissue of a human or animal subject are also provided, for the treatment of conditions such as diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and others in which a reduction in insulin resistance, an increase in glucose utilization, a reduction in visceral fat, a reduction in triglyceride (TG) levels, or an increase in levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is beneficial.

High cell density cultures of yeast were found to have higher tolerance for butanol in the medium. The high cell density yeast cultures had greater survival and higher glucose utilization than cultures with low cell densities. Production of butanol using yeast in high cell density cultures is thus beneficial for improving butanol production.

The invention discloses a high-sugar and low-protein tilapia feed. Based on the total mass fraction of 100%, it consists of the following components: fish meal: 0-3%, soybean meal: 16-20%, rapeseed meal: 18-21%, cotton meal: 12-16%, secondary meal: 39- 42%, soybean oil: 2-3%, choline chloride: 0.2-0.5%, sodium chloride: 0.1-0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 1-2%, vitamin B1: 0.004-0.006%, vitamin B6: 0.002-0.004%, zinc sulfate: 0.02-0.04%, chromium chloride: 0.0001-0.0003%, vitamin premix: 0.1-0.2% and mineral premix: 0.5-1%. The invention maximizes the amount of secondary powder in the feed, adds several plant protein sources to overcome the problem of amino acid imbalance of a single protein source, and at the same time significantly reduces the amount of fish meal. By optimizing and adjusting the feed formula, supplementing suitable vitamin and mineral premixes to adjust the sugar utilization ability of tilapia, so that the tilapia can make good use of the sugar compound of the present invention, avoiding the damage of fish liver caused by high sugar, Fatty liver is formed, and even the fish body becomes obese, and the symptoms of "big belly" appear.

In a method of determining insulin sensitivity in a patient, glucose level is sensed continuously. A first area under the curve representing the glucose level over time is calculated. An amount of insulin that has been administered to the patient is sensed. An estimation of insulin on board the patient is calculated based on the glucose level and the amount of insulin administered to the patient. A second area under the curve representing the insulin on board over time is calculated. Patient data indicative of at least one patient physical parameter is received. Information indicative of amount of glucose ingested by the patient during a meal is received. An insulin sensitivity output indicative of ability of insulin to stimulate glucose utilization and inhibit glucose production in the patient based on the first and second area under the curve, the patient data and the meal information is generated.

The present disclosure relates to host cells containing two or more of a recombinant cellodextrin transporter, a recombinant cellodextrin phosphorylase, a recombinant β-glucosidase, a recombinant phosphoglucomutase, or a recombinant hexokinase; and to methods of using such cells for degrading cellodextrin, for producing hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon derivatives from cellodextrin, and for reducing ATP consumption during glucose utilization.

An electronic system is provided that simulates a glucose-insulin metabolic system of a T2DM or prediabetic subject, wherein the system includes a subsystem that models dynamic glucose concentration in a T2DM or prediabetic subject, including an electronic module that models endogenous glucose production (EGP(t)), or meal glucose rate of appearance (Ra(t>>, or glucose utilization (U(t)), or renal excretion of glucose (B(t)), a subsystem that models dynamic insulin concentration in said T2DM or prediabetic subject, including an electronic module that models insulin secretion (S(t)), an electronic database containing a population of virtual T2DM or prediabetic subjects, each virtual subject having a plurality of metabolic parameters, and a processing module that calculates an effect of variation of at least one metabolic parameter value on the glucose insulin metabolic system of a virtual subject by inputting the plurality of metabolic parameter values.

In a method of determining insulin sensitivity in a patient, glucose level is sensed continuously. A first area under the curve representing the glucose level over time is calculated. An amount of insulin that has been administered to the patient is sensed. An estimation of insulin on board the patient is calculated based on the glucose level and the amount of insulin administered to the patient. A second area under the curve representing the insulin on board over time is calculated. Patient data indicative of at least one patient physical parameter is received. Information indicative of amount of glucose ingested by the patient during a meal is received. An insulin sensitivity output indicative of ability of insulin to stimulate glucose utilization and inhibit glucose production in the patient based on the first and second area under the curve, the patient data and the meal information is generated.

The invention discloses a method for preparing slowly digestible wheat starch through the coordination of a biological enzyme and low-temperature freeze-thawing, which comprises the following steps: performing debranching treatment on starch through a biological enzyme method; forming a structure the most of which is in the form of a compact perfect crystal under retrogradation action; and performing low-temperature repeated freeze-thawing treatment to destroy the perfect crystal of the starch so as to form a structure the most of which is in the form of an imperfect crystal, thus increasing content of the slowly digestible starch. The slowly digestible starch content in the slowly digestible wheat starch is no less than 30%; and after high-temperature cooking (at 100 DEG C), the residual content of the slowly digestible starch is up to 95% or above. Thus, the slowly digestible wheat starch is especially suitable for being developed into a food for diabetics, has the characteristics of stable property, high safety, low blood sugar generation index, high glucose utilization rate and the like, and is easy to realize industrial production.

The present invention comprises N-[1,3,4]-thiadiazol-2-yl-benzene sulfonamides, their physiologically acceptable salts and functional derivatives that exhibit peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) PPARdelta and PPARgamma agonist activity. The structure of the compounds of the invention are defined by Formula I below,And the isomers thereof wherein the various substituents are defined herein, including their physiologically acceptable salts. Processes for the compounds preparation are also disclosed. The compounds are suitable for the treatment of fatty acid metabolism and glucose utilization disorders, disorders relating to insulin resistance are involved as well as demyelinating and other neurodegenerative disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system.

The present invention describes the use of fish protein (namely cod protein) and soy protein to improve the peripheral insulin resistance in a human or non-human animal. Fish and soy protein were administered to rats submitted to high-sucrose or high-fat / sucrose diets, which are animal models for diabetes. It was found that fish and soy protein efficiently control glucose utilization, and that fish protein is particularly effective in muscle tissue. This effect is not observed when rats are given casein. Fish and soy protein are therefore promising for controlling insulin-resistance, diabetes and complications resulting therefrom, such as obesity.

This invention relates to the production of succinic acid and other chemicals derived from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) by fermentation with a microorganism in which the fermentation medium contains one or more sugars, and in which one or more of the sugars is imported into the cell by facilitated diffusion. As a specific example, succinic acid is produced from a glucose-containing renewable feedstock through fermentation using a biocatalyst. Examples of such a biocatalyst include microorganisms that have been enhanced in their ability to utilize glucose as a carbon and energy source. The biocatalysts of the present invention are derived from the genetic manipulation of parental strains that were originally constructed with the goal to produce one or more chemicals (for example succinic acid and / or a salt of succinic acid) at a commercial scale using feedstocks that include, for example, glucose, fructose, or sucrose. The genetic manipulations of the present invention involve the introduction of exogenous genes involved in the transport and metabolism of glucose or fructose into the parental strains. The genes involved in the transport and metabolism of glucose or fructose can also be introduced into a microorganism prior to developing the organism to produce a particular chemical. The genes involved in the transport and metabolism of sucrose can also be used to augment or improve the efficiency of sugar transport and metabolism by strains already known to have some ability for glucose utilization in biological fermentations.

The invention provides a hypoglycemic peptide with the amino acid sequence ADWGGPLPH shown as SEQ ID NO:1 and further provides a modified peptide of the hypoglycemic peptide. Chemical groups, amino acids, polypeptides, proteins or PEG is connected to an N terminal, a C terminal or intermediate residues of the hypoglycemic peptide. Through the hypoglycemic peptide, glucose absorption of smooth muscle cells under the high-glucose condition can be promoted, the glucose tolerance of diabetic mice can be improved, the blood glucose utilization ability of the mice can be enhanced, serum total cholesterol and total triglycerides are significantly reduced, the SOD level is significantly improved, the MDA level is lowered, the oxidative injury of the livers of the diabetic mice is repaired, inflammatory factors in plasma of the diabetic mice are inhibited, and the hypoglycemic peptide can resist metabolic syndromes and can be used for preparing drugs or health care products for treating and / orpreventing diabetes or hyperlipidemia.

Provided are a composite highland flour rich in slow-digesting starch and a preparation method thereof. The flour is prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of brown agaricus bisporus and highland flour as raw materials, and the flour is prepared from, by weight, 30-56% of the slow-digesting starch, 10-40% of fast-digesting starch and 10-40% of digesting-resistant starch. The composite highland flour isrich in the slow-digesting starch, the slow-digesting starch has a high content of beta-glucan, which can be slowly digested, and a food prepared by using a composite highland flour product exists a long time in a stomach and intestines, promotes full movements of the intestines, can maintain satiety for a long period of time, and has sustained release of energy, low glycemic index and high glucose utilization.

The invention relates to a genetic engineering strain for regulating expression activity of GRE3 genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae 1308-P. According to the invention, it discovers that the GRE3 genes in the saccharomyces cerevisiae can induce the generation of a by-product, namely xylitol, from xylose metabolism, and the generation of the xylitol is related to tolerance in a xylose fermenting process. It also discovers that the GRE3 genes, which are although negative regulator genes, cannot be completely knocked out. Experiments prove that the engineering strain, which is obtained by knocking out one of the GRE3 genes in the 1308-P, can improve the efficiency of fermenting ethanol by virtue of the xylose and reduce the generation of the by-product, namely the xylitol. Moreover, the modified bacterium also has the advantages that the original glucose utilization rate of an original strain, an inhibitor is high in tolerance and the like.

The invention provides a hypoglycemic peptide, which is provided with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. The invention also provides a modified peptide of the hypoglycemic peptide. A chemical group, an amino acid, polypeptide, protein or PEG is connected to the N end, C end or intermediate residue of the hypoglycemic peptide. The hypoglycemic peptide provided by the invention can perfect the glucose tolerance of KK-Ay mice, reinforce the glucose utilization ability of the KK-Ay mice, significantly improve the fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance of the KK-Ay mice, significantly reduce serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride, significantly perfect the SOD level, reduce the MDA level and protect the body cells against oxygen free radicals, the hypoglycemic peptide has glucose and lipid reducing functions and can resist metabolic syndrome. The hypoglycemic peptide can be used for preparing drugs or healthcare products for treating and / or preventing diabetes or hyperlipidemia.

The invention relates to the technical field of genetic engineering, in particular to a genetically engineered bacterium for producing N-acetylglucosamine based on metabolic division of a composite carbon source and application of the genetically engineered bacterium. By constructing an enhanced N-acetylglucosamine synthesis pathway, knocking out a 6-phosphofructokinase gene and directionally mutating a glycerokinase expression gene, metabolic division is carried out on the utilization of a glycerol-glucose composite carbon source, so that glucose is mainly used for producing a target productN-acetylglucosamine, glycerol is mainly used for cell growth, and the yield of the Nacetylglucosamine is increased. Therefore, the synthesis efficiency of the N-acetylglucosamine is improved. After the mixed carbon source culture medium is subjected to shake-flask fermentation for 48 hours, the yield of the Nacetylglucosamine reaches 107.8 g / L at most, the conversion rate of the composite carbon source reaches 49% at most, compared with a glucose utilization strain, the yield is increased by 151.7%, the conversion rate is increased by 60.2%, and the method has high industrial production potential.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation for treating diabetics and a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation. The traditional Chinese medicinal preparation mainly consists of the following medicinal raw materials in parts by weight: 3-32 parts of ginseng, 3-36 parts of radix pseudostellariae, 5-40 parts of euonymus alatus sieb, 4-40 parts of spica prunellae, 4-64 parts of herba agrimoniae, 2-28 parts of rhizoma coptidis, 5-38 parts of cortex moutan, 4-48 parts of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, 5-48 parts of radix ophiopogonis and 5-50 parts of radix puerariae. The traditional Chinese medicine prescription, on the basis of scientific compatibility and a synergistic effect of the various medicinal components which promote each other, has functions of tonifying qi and nourishing yin, promoting fluid and tonifying stomach and lung, nourishing liver and kidney, tonifying spleen and reinforcing kidney, inducing diuresis and eliminating dampness, clearing away heat and totix materials, promoting blood circulation and removing stasis, and boosting immunity; the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation can effectively repair damaged islet cells, enhance blood glucose utilization and transformation capacities of human body and comprehensively condition metabolic disorders, so that purposes of stably lowering blood glucose and reducing a recurrence rate are achieved, and yin-yang balance in the body of a patient is kept; and the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation is obvious in curative effect, short in treatment cycle and beneficial for thorough recovery, so that the diabetics can be fundamentally cured.

The present invention is directed to 1,3,4-oxadiazalones, i.e., the compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, tautomers, or solvates thereof. Novel compounds include those of formula I, in which radicals are as defined herein. The compounds of this invention are modulators of PPARdelta and therefore useful as pharmaceutical agents, especially for the treatment of demyelinating diseases and disorders of fatty acid metabolism and glucose utilization such as multiple scleroses.

The invention provides novel compounds of the Formula (I) that stimulate rates of glucose oxidation in myocardial cells:wherein W, Cyc, p, Y, X, Z, R, R1, R2, R3, R4, I, m and n are as defined for Formula (I) herein. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds capable of stimulation of glucose oxidation, methods for increasing glucose oxidation rates in myocardial cells, and methods of treatment of myocardial ischemia.

The invention discloses a method for green synthesis of magnetic nanometer Fe3O4 particles from water hyacinth and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing an extractof fresh leaves of the water hyacinth with 0.2 mol / L Fe<3+> and Fe<2+> solutions, adjusting a pH value twice, conducting continuous stirring for a reaction, further performing permanent magnet separation, carrying out suction filtration, carrying out washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and successively carrying out vacuum drying, grinding and sieving so as to obtain the environment-friendly synthesized magnetic nanometer Fe3O4 particles. The magnetic nanometer Fe3O4 particles s with a certain concentration synthesized by the method are added into a system for hydrogen production through fermentation of a straw hydrolysate, and have a remarkable effect of promoting the synthesis of biological hydrogen and the utilization of hydrolyzed sugar, so accumulated hydrogen yield, glucose utilization rate and xylose utilization rate obtained under the optimal addition concentration are respectively improved by 22.6%, 6.5% and 6.7% compared with control treatment. The methodhas the advantages of environmental protection performance, simple and feasible process, mild preparation conditions, cheap and easily available raw materials and the like.

The present invention discloses a piglet composite premix composition. The composition comprises the following raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass: 0.04-0.05 parts of glycine zinc, 0.1-0.2 parts of ferrous fumarate, 0.01-0.015 parts of yeast selenium, 0.1-0.15 parts of ethoxyquin, 0.1-0.3 parts of yeast chromium, 0.05-0.1 parts of lysine zinc, 10-25 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 40-60 parts of zeolite powder, and 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate. The 1 Kg of the prepared piglet composite premix composition further comprises: 240-300 IU of VE, 800-900 mg of VB2, 500-600 mg of VB12, and 350-400 mg of VB6. With adopting the piglet composite premix composition of the present invention in the feed ration, the appetite of the piglets can be enhanced, and the growthdevelopment and the tissue regeneration of the body can be promoted; with accelerating the glucose utilization in the body, the protein metabolism and the growth development are promoted so as to increase the feed intake, and completely digest, absorb and utilize the nutrient substances in the feed; with participating in the immune function, the immune mechanism is enhanced, the resistance is improved, and the external stress can be effectively resisted.

The present disclosure relates to host cells containing two or more of a recombinant cellodextrin transporter, a recombinant cellodextrin phosphorylase, a recombinant ss-glucosidase, a recombinant phosphoglucomutase, or a recombinant hexokinase; and to methods of using such cells for degrading cellodextrin, for producing hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon derivatives from cellodextrin, and for reducing ATP consumption during glucose utilization.

The invention relates to an oral solid medicine composition for nervous system diseases. The composition is a tablet and comprises an active component, lactose anhydrous, a disintegrating agent and an adhesive. The medicine composition can be used for a cerebrovascular disease, used for improving brain metabolism and mental symptoms, activating respiratory activity of brain mitochondria, improving brain energy metabolism of brain ischemia, increasing a utilization ratio of glucose in a brain, allowing adenosine triphosphate produced in the brain to be increased, preventing brain mitochondrion from generating peroxidized lipin, and inhibiting a membrane obstruction due to lipid peroxidation of a brain mitochondrial membrane, used for brain function injures caused by the chronic cerebrovascular disease, brain trauma and the like, and used for improving mental and behavioral disorders such as a subjective symptom, a language disorder, anxiety, depression, hypomnesia and brain power declining, promoting brain power, activating a brain mitochondrion function, improving the brain energy metabolism and a brain function, improving emotion depression, low consciousness, an affective disorder, a language disorder and the like that are caused by a cerebral infarction sequela, a cerebral hemorrhage sequela and cerebral arteriosclerosis, improving brain metabolism, and protecting cranial neural cells.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly enriching glucose utilization type caproic acid producing flora from pit mud and application, and belongs to the technical field of brewing microorganisms and biology. By adopting the method for improving the abundance and caproic acid producing capacity of the glucose utilization type caproic acid producing flora in the pit mud, the glucose utilization type caproic acid producing flora and a bacterial solution thereof are obtained, the caproic acid yield is in a continuous rising trend, and through continuous passage, the caproic acid yield is increased to 9.5g / L from 1.3g / L; in the enriching process, the relative abundance of caproic acid bacteria microorganisms capable of utilizing glucose is gradually increased and increased to 43% from 12%. The method can be used for improving the acidity and ester flavor of baijiu and can also be applied to caproic acid fermentation with glucose as a carbon source.

The present invention is directed to 1,3,4-oxadiazolones, compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts stereoisomers, tautomers, or solvates thereof. Novel compounds include those of formula I, in which radicals are as defined herein. The compounds of this invention are modulators of PPARdelta and therefore useful as pharmaceutical agents, especially for the treatment of demyelinating diseases and disorders of fatty acid metabolism and glucose utilization.

The invention provides application of golden thread in preparing medicaments, such as an insulin sensitizer and a PPAR-gamma agonist, in particular relates to application in restraining 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cell differentiation, enhancing the utilization ratio of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte glucose or reducing blood fat and improving insulin resistance or diabetes medicaments. The invention also provides a medicinal composition for restraining 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cell differentiation and enhancing the utilization ratio of glucose. The golden thread and the extract thereof have the advantages of restraining 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cell differentiation, improving insulin resistance and treating diabetes and complicating diseases thereof, and achieving remarkable medicament effect which is superior to that of berberine hydrochloride and crude golden thread.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating early diabetic nephropathy, which is prepared by the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-15% of membranous milkvetch root, 5-7% of swordlike atractylodes rhizome, 10-15% of coix seed, 3-5% of tangerine peel, 5-7% of pinellia tuber, 7-15% of fortune eupatorium herb, 3-5% of officinal magnolia bark, 5-7% of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb, 5-10% of motherwort herb, 10-15% of mulberry fruit and 2-7% of leech. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can increase the sensibility of target cells to insulin, restore the functions of pancreas islet cells, promote glucose utilization of peripheral tissues, adjust an immune system, enhance the self-stable state of the glucose and improve the overall function of an organism; furthermore, the traditional Chinese medicine composition further has the effects of reducing blood lipid and urine protein.

The invention discloses a recombinant escherichia coli strain for producing 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). The invention also discloses a way for efficiently synthesizing the 5-aminolevulinic acid, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid synthetase (HemL and HemA) of the escherichia coli is enhanced, and the strain has the capability of synthesizing the 5-aminolevulinic acid preliminarily; the expression of the 5-aminolevulinic acid efflux protein eamA gene is enhanced, and the 5-aminolevulinic acid efflux capability of the strain is improved; an exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid synthetase hemA gene is introduced, so that the 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis capability of the strain is enhanced; galR, glk and ppc genes of a glucose utilization way are modified, and the utilization efficiency of glucose is improved; and genes (hemF, poxB and aceB) of metabolic bypasses are knocked out. The recombinant Escherichia coli strain constructed by the invention has the capability of efficiently synthesizing 5-aminolevulinic acid by using glucose and glycine, so that the recombinant Escherichia coli strain has the application of industrially producing 5-aminolevulinic acid.

A method for preparing bacterial cellulose by using bean curd yellow serofluid is characterized in that bean curd yellow serofluid is adopted as a stock solution, and a centrifuge is adopted to remove impurities from the bean curd yellow serofluid and purify a culture solution; a slant solid medium is prepared by using 40g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract powder, 15g of agar and 1L of distilled water, the pH value of the slant solid medium is 4.5, and the slant solid medium is disinfected at 121DEG C for 15min; a liquid seed medium is prepared by using 40g of glucose, 10g of the yeast extract powder and 1L of distilled water, the pH value of the liquid seed medium is 4.5, and the liquid seed medium is disinfected at 121DEG C for 15min; a bean curd yellow serofluid medium is disinfected at 121DEG C for 15min; and 8% of glucose is added, fermentation is carried out at 30DEG C for 7d, the inoculation amount is 6%, and the initial pH value is 5.0. The bacterial cellulose output is 1.40g / 100mL under above conditions, and the glucose utilization rate is 97.5%. The method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, extremely high yield, environmental pollution reduction, and good social and economic benefits, and can be widely used for preparing bacterial cellulose by using bean curd yellow seroflui.

The invention relates to a drink processing field, and concretely relates to a sports drink capable of eliminating fatigue. When people take exercise, metabolism of human body is vigorous, water is lost and vitamins and inorganic salts are also lost when people sweat a lot, thus a lot of body fluid is consumed, imbalance of osmotic pressure in human body cells is caused, the nervous centralis is affected and the body temperature is raised. Taurine is an essential amino acid for human body growth, can promote cellular uptake and glucose utilization, accelerates glycolysis and lowers the blood sugar concentration. Taurine and various vitamins and inorganic salt are added, the prepared drink is isotonic to the body fluid, water, inorganic salts and vitamins can be supplemented rapidly, and thus physical power can recovery rapidly.