92 results about "Ethanol precipitation" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for improving the conversion efficiency of insoluble dietary fibers and soluble dietary fibers obtained by the method, and belongs to the technical field of food processing and functional ingredient modification. The method comprises the following steps: performing superfine grinding treatment on wheat bran to obtain wheat bran powder; adding water into wheat bran powder, and then carrying out high-temperature and high-pressure treatment to obtain a wheat bran solution; then carrying out stepped enzymolysis on the wheat bran solution to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate; the enzymatic hydrolysate is centrifuged, lower-layer solid precipitates are insoluble dietary fibers, supernate is subjected to ethanol precipitation, and the soluble dietary fibers are obtained. The wheat bran is modified by combining superfine grinding and high-temperature and high-pressure pretreatment with stepped enzymolysis, so that the yield of the soluble dietary fibers is remarkably increased, and the functional characteristics of the soluble dietary fibers are improved. The obtained soluble dietary fiber has excellent physicochemical properties and physiological functions, and can be widely applied to baked foods, beverages, dietary supplements and other products, so that the soluble dietary fiber has important application prospects and value in the technical field of food processing.

The invention discloses a digestion-aiding highland barley fried malt polysaccharide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The polysaccharide is extracted from highland barley through hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, deproteinization, ion exchange column chromatography, gel column chromatography and dialysis processes. Animal experiments show that the polysaccharide can significantly improve the small intestine propulsion rate of mice and increase the weight increment, gastric juice amount, pepsin activity and pepsin discharge of rats, and the effect of the polysaccharide is superior to that of traditional roasted barley malt polysaccharide; the highland barley polysaccharide is superior to highland barley crude polysaccharide, highland barley polyphenol, highland barley lipid, highland barley protein and the like. The invention has the advantages of easily available raw materials and green process, is suitable for developing side-effect-free digestion-aiding functional foods such as tea bags, milk tea, yoghurt and biscuits, and has important market value.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant active ingredient extraction, and relates to a segmented enzymolysis-cascade membrane separation extraction method of cyclocarya paliurus combined-state selenium polysaccharide and the combined-state selenium polysaccharide prepared by the method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a first extraction system for a cyclocarya paliurus leaf raw material, carrying out first-stage enzymolysis, inactivation and solid-liquid separation, separating a first liquid phase through a nanofiltration membrane to form a low-molecular selenium-containing component flow, and excluding the low-molecular selenium-containing component flow in a subsequent alcohol precipitation and recovery step; and constructing a second extraction system from the first solid phase, carrying out second-stage enzymolysis, inactivation and solid-liquid separation, sequentially carrying out microfiltration, first ultrafiltration, second ultrafiltration and nanofiltration washing on the second liquid phase, and carrying out ethanol precipitation to obtain the combined-state selenium polysaccharide. The proportion of target molecular weight interval components in the obtained product is increased, the mass fraction of polysaccharide is increased, and the proportion of inorganic selenium, the mass fraction of protein and the ash content are reduced.

Embodiments of the invention include a method of purifying circular RNA (circRNA) from a solution. The method an include steps of (a) incubating the solution at about 55°C, (b) cellulose chromatography, (c) desalting and purifying RNA reactions with magnetic carboxylic acid beads, (d) ethanol precipitation to remove double stranded RNA byproducts and concentrated RNA, (e) poly-A polymerase treatment, (f) desalting and purifying RNA reactions with magnetic carboxylic acid beads to remove poly A reaction components, (g) RNase R treatment, and (h) desalting and purifying the solution to yield purified circRNA. In aspects, the method removes, among other contaminates, in vitro transcribed circular RNA from linear and doubled stranded RNA.

This invention discloses the application of Uncaria rhynchophylla neutral polysaccharide URP-W in the preparation of anti-glioma drugs, belonging to the field of anti-tumor technology of medicinal plant polysaccharides. The invention obtains a crude polysaccharide extract from Uncaria rhynchophylla through hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation, followed by purification using a DEAE cellulose column and G200 dextran gel to obtain Uncaria rhynchophylla neutral polysaccharide URP-W. The monosaccharide composition of URP-W includes arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and mannuronic acid in a molar ratio of 17.99:6.32:21.71:27.17:2.56:7.57:16.20:0.49. Experiments have shown that URP-W can inhibit the proliferation of gliomas and induce apoptosis, exhibiting significant anti-tumor activity against glioma cells, providing a new drug raw material and treatment method for the clinical treatment of gliomas.

This invention discloses a method for extracting high-purity PDRN from salmon testes and its application in improving skin condition, belonging to the field of bioactive ingredient extraction technology. Frozen salmon testis tissue is cleaned of blood vessels and fatty impurities, then cryogenically pulverized at -20~-25℃. The pulverized tissue is added to a pre-treatment dispersion buffer and homogenized under high pressure to obtain a DNA fragmentation solution. The precipitate is then separated by centrifugation. The precipitate is dispersed in a dedicated enzyme digestion buffer, and enzymatic digestion with protease and RNase A is performed to inactivate the enzyme. DNase I is added to the digestion solution for enzymatic cleavage. After the reaction, a stop solution is added to terminate the reaction, and the supernatant is separated by centrifugation. Ethanol is added to the supernatant for precipitation, and centrifugation yields PDRN from salmon testes. This invention, through specific buffer systems and enzymatic digestion conditions, increases the PDRN content by 40~60 kDa, allowing for better absorption and utilization by the skin, improving facial hydration and elasticity, effectively reducing facial wrinkles, and improving facial skin condition. It can be used to prepare functional cosmetics.

The invention relates to a purification and application method of a self-assembled supramolecular substance based on a radix puerariae, scutellaria baicalensis, coptis chinensis and honey-fried licorice root decoction, which comprises the following steps: proportioning radix puerariae, scutellaria baicalensis, coptis chinensis and honey-fried licorice root, adding water, decocting to obtain a GQD decoction, sequentially carrying out ultrafiltration and alcohol precipitation treatment on the supernatant of the GQD decoction, volatilizing the obtained supernatant, redissolving, and freeze-drying to obtain the self-assembled supramolecular substance, and purifying to obtain the self-assembled supramolecular substance based on the self-assembled supramolecular substance based on the radix puerariae, scutellaria baicalensis, coptis chinensis and honey-fried licorice root decoction. The compound is further used for preparing anti-inflammatory and anti-UC drugs; according to the invention, the anti-UC characteristic of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is utilized to recover intestinal flora with UC disorder and repair damaged intestinal barriers, meanwhile, core pharmacodynamic substances are reserved to the greatest extent, other irrelevant or harmful impurities can be reduced, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition is suitable for separating and purifying a nano-scale supramolecular compound with biological activity in a traditional Chinese medicine decoction to improve the curative effect and reduce toxic and side effects, so that the traditional Chinese medicine composition is suitable for clinical application. And the intestinal micro-ecology and mucous membrane barrier function can be repaired.

The invention discloses a poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide preparation method based on enzyme-alkali synergy. The poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, crushing poria cocos to obtain poria cocos powder; mixing with ethanol, stirring and extracting; mixing with distilled water, stirring and extracting, and finally drying; s2, mixing the obtained system with a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring at room temperature, and centrifuging to obtain supernate; adjusting the pH value of the supernate by using an acetic acid solution, standing, repeatedly washing by using distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the alkali-soluble polysaccharide of the poria cocos; and S3, dissolving the obtained system in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding a compound enzyme, carrying out an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, and carrying out enzyme deactivation, centrifugation, tetraploid volume ethanol precipitation, dialysis and freeze-drying on an enzymatic hydrolysate to obtain the poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide. The invention provides a poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide preparation method based on enzyme-alkali synergy, poria cocos alkali-soluble polysaccharide is used as a substrate, the poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide is prepared by complex enzyme, and the extraction rate and activity of the poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide are improved. The invention further discloses application of the poria cocos water-soluble polysaccharide.

The application discloses corn silk glucan, a structure formula of which is [→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→]n, wherein n is 6-60, and a molecular weight range is 1-9.8 kDa. By extracting effective components in corn silk, an extract is obtained, the extract is precipitated by 30-90% ethanol, corn silk crude polysaccharide is obtained, and after the corn silk crude polysaccharide is dissolved, the corn silk crude polysaccharide is sequentially subjected to biological membrane dialysis, ion exchange resin column and HPLC-ELSD separation and purification, and corn silk glucan is obtained. The corn silk glucan and zeaxanthin are compounded to form a glucan compound, the glucan compound can stabilize insulin and improve the activity of the insulin in mouse islet cells, and the glucan compound has 2-5 times stronger hypoglycemic activity than that of zeaxanthin alone, and therefore, the glucan compound has important significance for researching new hypoglycemic drugs or health-care food for assisting hypoglycemia.

This invention discloses a method for extracting polysaccharides from *Microcystis aeruginosa* and its applications. The method includes fat removal, alcohol-soluble molecule removal, ultrasonic water extraction, flavonoid removal, protein removal, pigment removal, ethanol precipitation, small molecule substance removal, and freeze-drying. This invention combines directional stepwise impurity removal with ultrasonic water extraction to achieve efficient separation of polysaccharides from impurities. The optimal ultrasonic extraction process was determined using response surface methodology: a fixed ultrasonic extraction power of 100W, an ultrasonic extraction temperature of 49℃, an extraction time of 61 min, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20.5 g / mL, and three extractions. Under these conditions, the polysaccharide yield reached 1.45%. The obtained *Microcystis aeruginosa* polysaccharides exhibit significant antioxidant activity, showing good scavenging effects against DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals, and ABTS free radicals, with the total reducing power increasing in a dose-dependent manner. This invention provides a simple and controllable extraction process, yielding polysaccharides with high purity and good activity, which can be used as natural antioxidants in functional foods, health products, and cosmetics.

The invention relates to the field of atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide extraction, particularly discloses a method for extracting atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide at a low temperature and application of the atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide in oxidation resistance, and aims to solve the problems that the polysaccharide structure is possibly damaged, the polysaccharide yield is low, the cost is high and the like when the polysaccharide is extracted by hot water. The invention provides a novel method for extracting atractylodes macrocephala koidz polysaccharide at low temperature, which comprises the following steps: carrying out cold water extraction and ethanol precipitation, and then separating and purifying the polysaccharide substance to obtain pure polysaccharide with the molecular weight of 2.1 kDa. An in-vitro anti-oxidation experiment shows that the polysaccharide has good anti-oxidation activity. In addition, the extraction method also has the advantages of economy, high efficiency and the like.

The application belongs to the field of biochemistry, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a sodium hyaluronate oligosaccharide composition, and further discloses the prepared composition and application. The preparation method of the sodium hyaluronate oligosaccharide comprises the following steps: taking macromolecular sodium hyaluronate as raw material, preparing an acidic aqueous solution, adding ethanol to perform a precipitation reaction, separating supernatant, removing impurities through an ultrafiltration membrane, performing a second ethanol precipitation reaction, separating precipitate, purifying the precipitate through a reverse-phase ODS column, and obtaining the sodium hyaluronate oligosaccharide with required performance. The preparation method has the advantages of simple and easy-to-operate preparation process, suitable reaction conditions, simple and smooth production process, greatly reduced production period and cost, and a product yield of more than 96%. The sodium hyaluronate oligosaccharide composition prepared by the method comprises disaccharide, tetrasaccharide, hexasaccharide, octasaccharide, decasaccharide and dodecasaccharide, has better product stability, excellent water solubility, good transdermal permeability, good moisturizing property, good oral absorption and other advantages.

The application discloses a preparation method of calcium nartograstim, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. By optimizing key steps such as degradation, reduction, ion exchange and oxidation of heparin sodium, and combining with specific anion exchange resin, the yield and purity of the product are significantly improved. The method comprises the following steps: mixing heparin sodium with purified water, degrading by adjusting pH value and adding sodium nitrite; continuing to react with sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride, and then collecting precipitate through sterilization treatment and ethanol precipitation. Subsequently, the precipitate is reacted with anion exchange resin in purified water, and after washing and precipitation, oxidation reaction is carried out. Finally, calcium nartograstim is obtained through filtration, dehydration and drying. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has higher yield and purity, the molecular weight distribution is more concentrated, the proportion of effective components is higher, and the proportions of small molecule and large molecule impurities are significantly reduced, so that the quality and curative effect of the product are improved.

The application discloses a chaga acidic polysaccharide IOP-2 with anti-thyroid cancer activity and application thereof, and belongs to the field of biological medicines. The application adopts a method for extracting chaga polysaccharide by boiling water and precipitating chaga polysaccharide by ethanol, and combines DEAE cellulose column purification technology, and successfully realizes separation of chaga polysaccharide by using the principle that macromolecular polysaccharide is insoluble in organic solvents, and obtains chaga acidic polysaccharide IOP-2 with anti-thyroid cancer activity. The monosaccharide composition of the chaga acidic polysaccharide IOP-2 includes fucose 0.71%, rhamnose 3.33%, arabinose 2.18%, galactose 2.92%, glucose 80.59%, xylan 3.46% and mannose 6.81% in terms of molar percentage. The significant effect of the chaga acidic polysaccharide IOP-2 on anti-thyroid cancer is verified through in-vivo and in-vitro experiments, and a new treatment method is provided for clinical treatment of thyroid cancer.

The present invention relates to a growth promoter for butyric acid bacteria containing a thick soy sauce or a soy sauce-like seasoning liquid, or an ethanol precipitate thereof. In addition, the present invention relates to a butyric acid or lactic acid generation amount enhancer containing a thick soy sauce or a soy sauce-like seasoning liquid, or an ethanol precipitate of the thick soy sauce or the soy sauce-like seasoning liquid.

The application provides a preparation method of anti-aging wheat starch; high-temperature-resistant alpha-amylase, papain and saccharifying enzyme are used for enzymolysis of young leaves of highland barley; the product after the enzymolysis is subjected to first solid-liquid separation, and residues are collected; the residues are added with xylanase and cellulase for enzymolysis; the product is cooled to room temperature and subjected to second solid-liquid separation; polysaccharide in the liquid is precipitated by ethanol; the precipitate is redissolved, dialyzed, concentrated by rotary evaporation and vacuum freeze-dried to obtain polysaccharide; the polysaccharide is dissolved in water to obtain a uniform polysaccharide solution; wheat starch is added into the polysaccharide solution; the mixture is stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed system; the mixed system is heated and gelatinized; the product is obtained by cooling at room temperature and freeze-drying; and the anti-aging wheat starch prepared based on the polysaccharide obtained from the enzyme residue can be used for making various snacks, such as crystal moon cake crust, shrimp dumplings, powder cakes, rice rolls and the like, and can enhance the anti-aging function of food.

The invention relates to a method for preparing resistant dextrin by using an intermittent microwave technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding an acid solution into starch, sealing and uniformly stirring to obtain acidified starch; (2) carrying out intermittent microwave operation on the acidified starch according to different empty-duty ratios to prepare a resistant dextrin crude product; and (3) dissolving the crude product of the resistant dextrin, performing enzymolysis and centrifugation through thermostable alpha-amylase and saccharifying enzyme, performing alcohol precipitation with ethanol, cleaning, and drying to obtain the resistant dextrin. By adopting the intermittent microwave method, the energy loss is reduced, the yield and the purity of the resistant dextrin are improved, and the production cost is saved.

This invention discloses a method for extracting extracellular polymers from benthic microalgae culture medium, as well as the products and applications thereof, comprising the following steps: adding formamide to the benthic microalgae culture medium, adding Na... + The extracellular polymeric substance (ECPL) is obtained by stirring, centrifuging, heating and concentrating, freeze-drying, dissolving in water, adding anhydrous ethanol, precipitating, dissolving again in water, dialyzing, and freeze-drying. This invention improves upon existing ethanol precipitation processes by employing an extraction process of "heating and concentrating benthic microalgae culture medium—freeze-drying to obtain a crude extract—redissolving the crude extract in water—precipitating with anhydrous ethanol—dissolving the precipitate—dialysis—freeze-drying to obtain extracellular polymeric substances." Compared to traditional extraction processes, this method allows for "controllable" ethanol dosage by dissolving a large amount of crude extract in a small amount of water to obtain a solution rich in extracellular polymeric substances. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the amount of anhydrous ethanol used when extracting large quantities of extracellular polymeric substances, greatly lowering experimental costs.

The invention provides an anti-atherosclerosis lipidosome carrier drug and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological pharmacy, the lipidosome carrier drug is prepared by taking tussah peptide, premna microphylla leaf flavonoid glycoside, clausena lansium leaf polysaccharide and troxerutin as active ingredients. The antheraea pernyi peptide is a product between 1kDa and 5kDa obtained by extracting protein from antheraea pernyi and sequentially carrying out enzymolysis by bacillus subtilis protease and pepsin. The premna microphylla leaf flavonoid glycoside is prepared by performing enzymolysis and water extraction on premna microphylla leaves and then purifying the premna microphylla leaves through an HPD-600 macroporous adsorption resin column. The clausena lansium leaf polysaccharide is prepared by the following steps: extracting clausena lansium leaves with water, precipitating with ethanol, redissolving, and purifying through a DEAE-52 cellulose column and a Sephadex G-100 gel column in sequence. All the components aim at key pathological links of atherosclerosis respectively, and the core advantages of high efficiency, safety and stability are achieved through multi-component synergistic compatibility and closed-loop optimization of a fine preparation process.

The application discloses a method for reducing vanadium element impurities in heparin sodium bulk drug and heparin sodium fine product obtained by the method, and belongs to the technical field of bulk drug preparation. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving heparin sodium crude product in purified water, performing enzymolysis, oxidizing under weak acid condition, precipitating with ethanol under strong alkaline condition, performing microfiltration and dehydration, and performing freeze drying. The vanadium element impurities in the obtained heparin sodium fine product are always kept at a low limit under the premise of guaranteeing other quality indexes, the residual amount meets the requirements of pharmacopoeia and the industry, and there is no risk of exceeding the standard.

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine polysaccharides, and relates to an anti-hypoxia urechis unicinctus body cavity fluid sulfated polysaccharide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The weight-average molecular weight of the polysaccharide is 1000-50000 Da, the mass fraction of sulfate radicals is 10.0%-30.0%, and monosaccharide is prepared from galactose, ribose, fucose, glucosamine, mannose and glucose. The preparation method comprises the following steps: inducing controlled degradation of a main chain through high-temperature hot water extraction, carrying out proteolysis deproteinization, carrying out graded ethanol precipitation interception and carrying out anion exchange chromatography purification. The polysaccharide shows a remarkable protective effect in a nerve cell hypoxia simulation model, has excellent free radical scavenging activity, and can be used for preparing medicines, antioxidants, functional foods and the like for preventing or treating hypoxia-related diseases.

The application discloses blue-purple Laccaria amethystina polysaccharide and a preparation method and application thereof. The blue-purple Laccaria amethystina polysaccharide is composed of mannose and glucose, and the molar ratio is 2:5; the chemical structure of the blue-purple Laccaria amethystina polysaccharide is that the mannose residue is (4→6)-alpha-D-Manp, the glucose residue contains (4→6)-alpha-D-Glcp, (1→4)-alpha-D-Glcp and (1→4, 6)-beta-D-Glcp, and the ratio is 2:3:1:1. The blue-purple Laccaria amethystina polysaccharide is obtained through hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, protein removal, ion exchange column chromatography, concentration and dialysis of the blue-purple Laccaria amethystina fruiting body. The blue-purple Laccaria amethystina polysaccharide has significant immunomodulatory activity and antitumor activity, and can be applied in medicines, health products or food.

The application discloses a synthesis method of Amadori compound and belongs to the field of organic synthesis. The application uses lactic acid, glycerol and choline chloride to prepare a low eutectic solvent, which is used as a reaction system of the Amadori compound. The low eutectic solvent system has excellent solubility for reducing sugar and amino acid, does not need a cosolvent, has a uniform reaction system and high mass transfer efficiency. The components (choline chloride, glycerol and lactic acid) used are all natural biodegradable substances, and are non-toxic and non-residual. The subsequent NADES can be recovered by ethanol precipitation, and the recycling rate is more than 95%, and basically no three wastes are discharged.

This invention discloses the application of Polygonatum oligosaccharides in the preparation of products that improve sperm motility. The molecular weight of the Polygonatum oligosaccharides is 1 × 10⁻⁶. 4 ~5×10 4 This oligosaccharide, Da, can be prepared through steps including ethanol defatting, water extraction, 30%-50% ethanol precipitation, and protein removal. Experiments show that this oligosaccharide can significantly improve sperm motility, particularly restoring the forward sperm motility rate in asthenospermia model mice to over 32%, reaching the clinical treatment threshold; it can also effectively alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive damage and improve testicular tissue pathological damage. Furthermore, this oligosaccharide can upregulate the expression of sperm motility-related genes such as Crisp2 and Catsper, downregulate miR-27 expression, and has multiple effects including reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, and improving reproductive hormone levels. Therefore, this oligosaccharide can be used to prepare products that improve sperm motility, prevent and / or treat asthenospermia, and alleviate chemotherapy-related reproductive damage.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and relates to sargassum polysaccharide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The uniform acidic polysaccharide WZSP-2 is separated and purified from the Weizhou Sargassum through hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, protein and color removal, anion exchange column and gel column chromatography and other methods, and the physicochemical properties, monosaccharide composition and structural morphology of the Weizhou Sargassum are systematically characterized. In-vitro experiments show that the WZSP-2 has remarkable DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and total reducing power, can effectively inhibit the activity of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, can be combined with glycocholate and taurocholate, and has a bacteriostatic effect on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at the same time. The sargassum polysaccharide provided by the invention integrates antioxidant activity, hypoglycemic activity, hypolipidemic activity and antibacterial activity, provides a new source for developing multifunctional natural products, and has a good application prospect in the fields of functional food, health care products and medical auxiliary materials.

A method for reutilizing tobacco waste, comprising the following steps: step S1, in a closed reaction vessel, subjecting raw material components to a reaction at a temperature of 50-220°C for 2-24 hours to obtain a reaction product, the raw material components comprising tobacco waste; and step S2, adding an ethanol solution to the reaction product and performing ethanol precipitation treatment to obtain an ethanol-precipitated product, which is used as a tobacco flavor.

The invention relates to a liquid-phase synthesis method and application of 5 '-triphosphoric acid modified oligonucleotide. The liquid-phase synthesis method comprises the following steps: synthesis of 5'-terminal phosphoric acid modified oligonucleotide, ammonolysis, salting-out, activation of 5 '-terminal phosphoric acid, connection of pyrophosphoric acid and ethanol precipitation. According to the invention, a liquid phase method is creatively designed to synthesize the oligonucleotide modified by triphosphoric acid, the dependence on a solid phase carrier can be avoided, the synthesis process is safe, the synthesis efficiency is high, the application scene of the synthesis is obviously expanded, and safe, stable and cheap synthesis of the oligonucleotide modified by 5 '-triphosphoric acid is realized.

The invention discloses a co-production method for synchronously preparing high-content polysaccharide and beta-glucan. The co-production method comprises the following steps: (1) mushroom raw material treatment: crushing raw materials for later use; (2) degreasing treatment: adopting a full-closed solvent circulation workstation, and intelligently proportioning dichloromethane to ethanol according to the ratio of 8: 2 (V / V); drying the material slag; (3) weak base protein removal: carrying out gradient heating on the filter residue obtained in the step (2) by using a weak base aqueous solution, and collecting the filter residue; (4) extracting polysaccharide with boiling water, and collecting filtrate; and (5) fractional alcohol precipitation: precipitating under the ethanol concentration of 70-80%, and drying to obtain a high-content water-soluble polysaccharide product. And further increasing the concentration of ethanol in the supernate to 85-95% of ethanol, precipitating and drying to obtain a high-content beta-glucan product. The invention develops a combined extraction process which can efficiently extract mushroom polysaccharide and beta-glucan at the same time, realizes comprehensive utilization of raw materials, reduces the production cost and can effectively retain the biological activity of the mushroom polysaccharide and beta-glucan.

This invention belongs to the field of heparin sodium extraction technology, specifically involving a method for graded extraction of chondroitin sulfate B, heparan sulfate and heparin sodium. It consists of the following steps: (1) dissolving crude heparin in deionized water, centrifuging to remove insoluble matter from the heparin solution, and taking the supernatant to obtain crude heparin solution; (2) adjusting the pH of the crude heparin solution from step (1) to 8-9, then adding A98 resin, and adsorbing at 60-62℃; (3) using NaCl solution to elute the resin adsorbed in step (2) twice, then adding anhydrous ethanol three times for precipitation, collecting the precipitate, adjusting the pH to 9-10, adding potassium permanganate solution at 75-80℃ for oxidization for 30-40 min, filtering with diatomaceous earth, taking the filtrate, adding anhydrous ethanol to the filtrate for precipitation, and drying to obtain heparan sulfate; this invention has a high extraction rate and good extraction effect, and can also extract heparan sulfate and heparin sodium during the extraction of chondroitin sulfate B.

The invention discloses radix codonopsis extract, toothpaste and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine toothpaste. The preparation method of the radix codonopsis extract comprises the following steps: refluxing radix codonopsis with ethanol with the volume concentration of 80-95% to obtain a first filtrate and decoction dregs; adding decoction dregs into decoction dreg water, refluxing, filtering, collecting a second filtrate, mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate, and concentrating under reduced pressure; centrifuging to obtain an alcohol precipitation product; washing the ethanol precipitate; and drying the washed ethanol precipitation solution to obtain the radix codonopsis extract. In addition, the invention also provides the radix codonopsis extract prepared by the preparation method. In addition, the invention further provides toothpaste which comprises the radix codonopsis extract. The radix codonopsis extract prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention is added into the toothpaste, and the prepared toothpaste has an excellent antibacterial effect.