134 results about "Harm reduction" patented technology

The disclosure relates to a method of enhancing nicotine or other medicament concentrations in a gaseous carrier. The methods are adaptable to the delivery of nicotine or other medicaments for therapeutic effect in various diseases, in particular nicotine for tobacco product use cessation, substitution and / or harm reduction. The disclosure further relates various devices and device design principles for practicing these methods.

The disclosure relates to an improved method of enhancing nicotine concentrations in a gaseous carrier. The methods are adaptable to the delivery of nicotine for therapeutic effect in various diseases, in particular nicotine for tobacco product use cessation, substitution and / or harm reduction. The disclosure further relates various devices and device design principles for practicing these methods.

The invention relates to a reconstructed tobacco coating liquid component-component group chemical kitchen combination, coupling preparation, and a coupling preparation process. Discarded waste tobacco leaves and stems are subjected to presoaking and enzymatic leaching or extraction to make tobacco leaf or stem enzymatically-leached / extracted solution, or tobacco leaf and stem mixed leached / extracted solution, certain components and component groups such as protein, pectin, chloride, nicotine, nitrosamines, nitrates and the like in the tobacco leaf and stem leached / extracted solution or tobacco leaf and stem leached / extracted mixture can be selectively converted, reduced or removed by combination of enzymolysis, Maillard reaction conversion, membrane separation / concentration or column separation, freeze separation, ethanol precipitation and the like, and the coupling preparation process for chemical components and component groups in the chemical kitchen, and accordingly, recombination or fitting, combination, regulation and coke reduction and harm reduction of the chemical components and component groups of the reconstructed tobacco coating liquid are achieved, quality of reconstructed tobacco is improved, and industrial technical integration and innovation on combination and coupling of the reconstructed tobacco coating liquid are realized.

The invention discloses a calixarene additive capable of simultaneously and optionally reducing benzo (a) pyrene and phenol contents in cigarette smoke and an application method thereof. In the invention, deep-cavity P-(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl) calyx (8) aromatic compound is selected as the additive material, and the compound is added in a common and conventional filter tip which bettercan be suitable for a compound filter, with the additive amount being arbitrarily adjusted according to the needs. By using the molecular recognition function and the cavity size select effect of thecalyx (8) aromatic compound, the additive can be optionally combined with the benzo (a) pyrene and phenol molecules in the cigarette smoke. When the additive is added into the filler with the amount of 10mg / per cigarette, 33.2 percent of benzo (a) pyrene content and 41.4 percent of phenol content in the cigarette smoke can be simultaneously reduced, and other chemical compositions in the smoke arebasically not influenced, thus achieving the goal of selective harm reduction.

The invention relates to a preparation method of tobacco extract granules, which comprises the following steps: firstly taking and cutting up tobacco leaves and / or tobacco stalks, taking water or ethanol or ethyl ether as a solvent for extraction, settling and filtering to obtain tobacco extract, then concentrating to the relative density of 1.00-1.30, and controlling the temperature to 20-40 DEGC to obtain tobacco extract concentrate or tobacco extractum; and including beta-cyclodextrin and flavouring essence for tobacco according to the mass ratio of 1-3:1 with the inclusion time of 1 / 5-3 hours to obtain a flavouring essence and beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, and then spray drying the flavouring essence for tobacco and beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound and the tobacco extractconcentrate together to obtain tobacco spray dried powder; or directly spray drying the tobacco extractum to obtain the tobacco spray dried powder; and then adding excipient material to the tobacco spray dried powder for dry method or wet method granulation to obtain the tobacco extract granules. The tobacco extract granules obtained in the method disclosed by the invention are applied to cigarettes to improve the tar and harm reduction effect of the cigarettes, and can be used for aroma compensation, the utilization rate of waste tobacco leaf raw material is improved, and the cost of the cigarettes is reduced.

The invention discloses a grapheme type fiber cigarette filter and a preparation method thereof. The filter comprises a fiber carrier, wherein the fiber carrier is provided with a grapheme type material for absorbing harmful components in smoke. The filter loads the grapheme type material on a carbon fiber or acetate fiber carrier; and the carrier is added in the filter by adopting the binary filter production mode in the existing industries to produce a compound filter for absorbing harmful substances in the smoke which is generated when cigarettes are smoked. The filter applies unique phi absorption characteristics and higher surface active atom ratio of novel two-dimensional nanometer materials to efficiently absorb benzo [a] pyrene, volatile aldehyde ketone type cancer promoting molecules, phenol and HCN (Hydrogen Cyanide) under the condition of smaller adding quantity, so that the filter is environment-friendly and has no additional poison; as the amount is small and the effect is high, the harm of the cigarettes to human bodies is reduced under the condition of not influencing the inherent sensory quality of the cigarettes. And at the same time, the method has the advantages of simple technique, large-scale production and low cost, and has wide application foreground in the cigarette field of harm reduction and tar reduction.

The invention relates to a mobile dust removal and harm reduction device suitable for tunnel construction and a dust removal and harm reduction method. The device includes a walking device and a waterspraying system, a dust suction system, a water solution harm reduction treatment system and an electronic control system which are arranged on the walking device, the water spraying system, the dustsuction system and the walking device are in long-distance connection with a controller in the hand of an operator, and the controller includes a remote control device and a display device. Accordingto the technical scheme of the device, the mode that the water spraying system and the dust suction system are combined is adopted to remove dust in a tunnel, and by adding the water solution harm reduction treatment system, pollutants and poisonous and harmful gases collected by the dust suction system are filtered to discharge a clean gas. The whole device is simple in structure, the dust removal and harm reduction efficiency is high, rapid dust removal and harm reduction of the tunnel face can be ensured, and meanwhile, and it is avoided that the body health is affected since the operatoris in close contact with the dust.

The invention relates to a preparation method of cigarette flavor compensating particles, in particular to a filtering material added to a cigarette filter and the preparation method of the material, belonging to the technical field of a cigarette auxiliary material. The cigarette flavor compensating particles are mainly composed of a silicic acid rock base material and a flavor carrying agent; bulking silicic acid rock is taken as a raw material; a loading agent is added; and finally the silicic acid rock load particles are formed by loading, drying, granulating and other processes. In the preparation method, particle materials are from the silicic acid rock and a natural plant material, and the silicic acid rock has better absorption characteristics; after loading and microwave treatment, the silicic acid rock particles have no influence on cigarette flavor, and the employed loading agent has the action of synergetic harm reduction at the same time; and a formula plant extract and plant fiber loaded on the surface of the particles can effectively release quantitative flavor elements and transfers the flavor elements to sucked smoke. The silicic acid rock particles prepared by the method can be used for directly combining with the current filter tip forming process, thus achieving convenient industrialized application.

The invention relates to an application and a method of a TGA-IR-GCMS triple machine (thermogravimetric analyzer-infrared spectrometer-gas chromatography mass spectrum) in tobacco analysis. A thermogravimetric-infrared-gas chromatography mass spectrum (STA-IR-GC-MS) triple machine is employed to perform thermogravimetry-infrared-gas chromatography mass spectrum analysis for components of cigarette smoke. A cigarette sample is placed in a thermogravimetric sample cup; high-purity nitrogen or an oxygen-nitrogen gas mixture is introduced into the thermogravimetric analyzer; preliminary determination of the structure is performed by purging pyrolysis products of the sample in such atmosphere by the gas into an online-detecting infrared spectrometer; then accurate qualitative determination of the cigarette sample is performed by purging the products by the gas into a GC-MS for detection; and pyrolysis products of different time points and temperature points are analyzed. The method of the invention has the characteristics of simple operation, rapid analysis speed, comprehensive detection and the like, can perform online detection, analysis and qualitative determination of the pyrolysis products of the cigarette, and provides a scientific and reliable analysis method for mechanism and principle research in aspects of cigarette additives, safety evaluation, harm reduction and tar reduction, etc.

The invention discloses a method for measuring ammonia content in cigarette smoke through ion chromatography. The method comprises the steps that an F319-04 filter leaf and an absorption bottle gather ammonia in main stream smoke, extract liquor is added to extract particulate matter in the F319-04 filter leaf, moderate extract liquor is mixed with absorption liquid in the absorption bottle, volume metering is conducted, an aqueous phase filter is used for filtering the mixed liquid, and an ion chromatograph is introduced to conduct measuring, wherein the extract liquor is aldehyde with strong acid. Filter leaf extraction is conducted by the aldehyde solvent with the strong acid, and therefore the stability of ammonia detection liquid can be effectively improved. The method for measuring the ammonia content in the cigarette smoke through the ion chromatography can measure the ammonia content in the sample solution accurately and fast through the ion chromatography, and is suitable for measurement of the ammonia content in large numbers of cigarette samples, good in practicability and beneficial to deep harm-reduction and tar-reduction research.

The invention discloses a microbial preparation for tobacco, a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of additives. According to the invention, liquid fermentation culture of a producing strain is adopted to obtain the corresponding microbial preparation. The producing strain is bacillus subtilis (Van3), and the strain was preserved in general microbiological culture collection center of China committee for culture collections of microorganisms in Aug 16th, 2010, and has a preservation number of CGMCC No.4091. The microbial preparation of the invention can obviously improve the stem quality such as aroma volume, cheerfulness, and the like, reduces miscellaneous gas and irritation, decreases smoke concentration and strength, makes aftertaste become comfortable, and thus further increases the mixing amount of stems in a cigarette so as to realize the purposes of harm reduction, tar reduction, and cigarette production cost reduction.

The invention relates to a cigarette filter stick capable of improving the selective harm reduction effect. The cigarette filter stick comprises a tow filter core and forming paper wrapping the tow filter core, wherein the tow filter core comprises a selective adsorption filter core section close to a cut tobacco and a general filter core section close to the end part of a cigarette; a drainage part is also arranged between the selective adsorption filter core section and the general filter core section; and the drainage part is spaced from the inner side of the forming paper at intervals. According to the cigarette filter stick, due to the arrangement of the drainage part, the airflow resistance in the center of a filter tip is increased, and the airflow flow form of main stream smoke is changed, so that the airflow is forced to transfer to the two sides; more adsorption materials can be in contact with the smoke more uniformly, so that the utilization rate is increased; few smoke components in macromolecular non target adsorptive objects pass through the selective adsorption materials, so that the harm of the smoke components on the selective adsorption materials is reduced, namely material hole blockage or intoxicating phenomenon is reduced.

The invention relates to the field of tobaccos and in particular relates to a method for preparing an amino-modified hierarchical pore adsorbent material for cigarette harm reduction. The invention provides a method for preparing a macropore-mesoporous silicon dioxide adsorbent material, which comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials according to a ratio, uniformly dispersing organic high polymer microspheres in ethanol in which a silicon source, an acidic aqueous solution and a surfactant are dissolved, and stirring the mixture at room temperature for a period of time for performing prehydrolysis on the silicon source; and volatilizing a solvent in the mixed solution on a substrate, ageing an obtained composite film material, performing reflux treatment on the aged composite film material in a solvent, and extracting to remove a high polymer microsphere template and the surfactant, so as to obtain the macropore-mesoporous silicon dioxide adsorbent material. The material synthesized by using the method for preparing the macropore-mesoporous silicon dioxide adsorbent material has a large specific surface area and a large pore body, and a large quantity of amino groups are modified on the pore walls.

Methods and small molecule compounds for smoking and CNS disease harm reduction are provided. One example of a class of compounds that may be used is represented by the compound having the structure IA or IB in the form of free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof:

The invention discloses a test method for characterizing the biological effects of smoke exposure based on metabolomics. The test method adopts the metabolomics analysis method, and the biomarker groups related to the biological effects of smoke exposure are tested in different drug administration groups. The changes between groups are used to characterize the biological responses of experimental animals placed in the smoke exposure environment. The present invention is easy to operate, and evaluates the influence of mainstream smoke on endogenous metabolites in rats, and compares the similarities and differences between the effects of natural herbal added tobacco and ordinary cigarettes on endogenous metabolites, in order to evaluate the harm reduction effect of cigarettes and its associated mechanisms provide a reliable tool.

The invention discloses a molecular engram material for selectively removing TSNA in cigarette gas and a preparation and application method thereof. The preparation steps of the molecular engram material are as follows: activating and silanizing silica gel before synthesizing the molecular engram material; then dissolving a functional monomer into a pore-forming agent, adding a crosslinking agent and an initiator, and silanizing the silica gel and making the silica gel react in the vacuum; and in succession, removing template molecules from a high molecular material on the surface of the silica gel through a chemical or physical method. A plurality of cavities which are formed in the polymer are matched with the template molecules in space and have multi-action sites in the specificity arrangement. The cavities have high-efficiency selectivity for the TSNA molecules. When the molecular engram material is used for the selective harm reduction of cigarette gas, the material is preferably applied to a compound filter tip and the addition amount of the material can be freely adjusted. When the molecular engram material is added into the filter tip with the addition amount of 40 milligrams per cigarette, the material can reduce the content of the TSNA in the cigarette gas by 25.1 percent without affecting other components in the cigarette gas, thereby reaching the aim of selective harm reduction.

The invention discloses a cigarette tow with a phase change heat absorption function. The tow is obtained as follows: microcapsules containing a phase change agent are added to a food fiber-grade polylactic acid material in a melt spinning process, and drying, melting, spinning, cooling, oiling, drafting, crimping and drying setting processes are performed. During smoking of a cigarette with a filter tip processed from fiber prepared with the preparation method, polylactic aid hollow fiber has high adsorption / absorption capacity for polar and non-polar smoke component gases; meanwhile, the temperature of smoke passing through the filter tip is increased, the polylactic acid material and the phase change material in the microcapsules absorb heat during phase state conversion, the smoke temperature is decreased, a harm reduction effect is realized, the prepared cigarette with the polylactic acid filter tip has unique smell absorption style, and harmful substances in smoke can be effectively filtered out.

The present invention belongs to the field of cigarette harm reduction addition materials, and relates to a PDGA resin and a preparation method and application thereof. The PDGA resin is prepared by amination after copolymerization of divinylbenzene and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) The resin regulates resin skeleton polarity on the one hand, and on the other hand the resin amination reaction is simplified due to the good reaction ability of epoxy functional groups, so that the synthetic resin both has a porous weakly polar skeleton and high content amine functional groups, a variety of harmful substances such as HCN, aldehydes and phenols and the like in cigarettes can be simultaneously removed, HCN emission maximum decreasing range is nearly 65%, formaldehyde emission maximum decreasing range is 81%, acetaldehyde emission maximum decreasing range is 42%, acrolein emission maximum decreasing range is 52%, crotonaldehyde emission maximum decreasing range is 44%, phenol emission maximum decreasing range is 24%, the resin synthesis process is simple, and the resin is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and has a good practical application prospect in selective removal of harmful substances in cigarette smoke.

A diatomaceous earth breathing brick with a high humidifying harm-reduction function and a production method thereof are disclosed, through improvement of a formula, slurry with excellent performances can be prepared, a molding material is prepared by a spray granulation process, and the molding problem is overcome. The formula comprises, (wt%), 80%-90% of diatomaceous earth; 4%-14% of clay; 0.5%-1.5% of talc; 0.5%-1% of a ceramic body enhancer; 1%-2% of a ceramic sintering aid agent; 0.5%-1% of a superplasticizer; 0.5%-1.5% of nano titanium dioxide and 0.5%-1.5% of tourmaline powder. The production method is as follows: the raw materials are prepared into the slurry by adding of water, and by spray granulation, material distribution, molding and firing, the diatomaceous earth breathing brick with the high humidifying harm-reduction function is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the formula and the molding process are improved, the use amount of the diatomaceous earth is significantly increased, body cracking, deformation, stratification and other phenomena caused by inappropriate moisture content of raw materials, uneven material distribution and excessive local stress of a green body can be avoided, and the diatomaceous earth breathing brick has a higher humidifying harm-reduction function.

The invention discloses a harm reducing processing method for phosphogypsum and red mud, comprising the following steps: processing acidity-alkalinity analysis to the phosphogypsum and red mud at first, then mixing the phosphogypsum and red mud to 1.0 to 1.0 according to the molar ratio of H<+> and OH<-> based on the alkali content of the phosphogypsum and red mud, and then stacking the mixture of phosphogypsum and red mud after being stirred uniformly. By resolving the long-period unresolved major problem for enterprises, the harm reducing processing method for phosphogypsum and red mud has the advantages of less investment, quick returns and important contribution to the environmental protection.

The invention discloses a cigarette harm reduction additive, which comprises a plant extract composition, wherein the plant extract composition comprises licorice flavonoids, folium ginkgo extracts, epimedium flavonoids and astragaloside, the addition proportion of tobacco shreds into the additive is 0.001 to 0.05 weight percent, the additive comprises 15 to 84 weight percent of licorice flavonoids, 15 to 84 weight percent of folium ginkgo extracts, 0.3 to 20 weight percent of epimedium flavonoids and 0.5 to 25 precent wt of astragaloside and can further comprise plant extracts of total saponin from ophiopogon japonicus. The additive can externally inhibit the generation of harmful smoke substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, free radicals and the like, so the harm of smoke to people is effectively reduced. In addition, the invention also provides the preparation method of the cigarette harm reduction additive.

The invention discloses a leaf tobacco processing method capable of selectively reducing a release amount of NNK (Nitrosamine) in cigarette smoke. The leaf tobacco processing method comprises the steps of: firstly, preheating wet leaf barrel, and charging when circulatory hot wind is at 80 DEG C to 120 DEG C; then adjusting a hot steam valve and a wet steam valve based on the positions of the processed leaf tobacco, and respectively controlling a temperature and a moisture content of the wet leaf tobacco; and finally, processing by adopting full steam at a temperature which is accordance with the technical requirements of YC / T146-2010 Leaf Tobacco Threshing and Redrying Process Specification. The method has obvious effects of selectively reducing the release amount of the NNK in the cigarette smoke, achieves the reduction amplitude of 11.20-38.21%, has good repeatability, is applicable to the practical threshing and redrying production, expands the leaf tobacco processing technology of reducing harmful components in the cigarette smoke, and has relatively good practical significance and reference function for harm reduction and tar reduction in the industry.

The invention discloses a cigarette filter stick formed by mixing tows and paper disorderly and a preparation and application method of the cigarette filter stick. The preparation method of the cigarette filter stick comprises the steps of disorderly mixing cellulose acetate tows fibers and filter stick paper into a forming machine synchronously, and preparing a brand new cigarette filter stick formed by one-time mixing. The filter stick contains the cellulose acetate tow fibers and the wood pulp fibers of paper, smoke passes through two kinds of fibers with different properties synchronously, which makes full use of different adsorption properties of the cellulose acetate tow fibers and the wood pulp fibers of paper, meanwhile the disordered distribution of two kinds of the fibers changes the flow of smoke to produce competitive adsorption, and the effect of tar and harm reduction of the filter stick is increased. According to the invention, the test shows that the filter stick has better effect of tar reduction than a common filter stick, and the cigarette flavor is not changed remarkably at the same time.

The invention discloses an adsorbent for selectively reducing the release amount of volatile carbonyl and phenol compounds in cigarette smoke and a preparation method and application of the adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing an aqueous solution of inorganic metal salt, directly spraying the aqueous solution on the surface of any one carrier material of activated carbon fibers, a zeolite molecular sieve, sepiolite, activated carbon and the like, performing drying treatment and preparing the adsorbent. When the adsorbent is applied to cigarettes in a binary composite filter stick form, the release amount of multiple volatile carbonyl compounds and phenol compounds in main stream smoke of the cigarettes can be greatly reduced while the sensory quality of the cigarettes is not obviously influenced. The adsorbent has the obvious effect of selectively reducing the cigarette harm, is extremely simple in preparation process, low in cost and safe, has the effect of environment protection, and has wide application prospects in the field of cigarette harm reduction, and the large-scale industrial production of the adsorbent is easily realized.

The present invention discloses a method for evaluating a cigarette harm degree by using primate animal models, and belongs to the field of cigarette toxicology evaluation and related technology detection. According to the method, Chinese tree shrews are adopted as test animals, an active smoking device with a special design is adopted to enable tested animals to be at a smoking stimulating state so as to observe conditions of the animals at the state, determine real test data, and reasonably evaluate a cigarette harm degree. The method of the present invention has the following advantages that: the specific Chinese tree shrews with high biological classification are adopted to carry out evaluation researches of tobacco toxicology and attenuated mechanisms, wherein the method has characteristics of sensitive response on toxicological effects produced by cigarette smoke gas, convenient operation and economic breeding, the evaluation system used in the method is perfect, the evaluation cost is relatively low, the evaluation result obtained by using the primate animal models provides comparative medicine values compared with the evaluation result obtained by using other experimental animals, and the method is applicable for evaluation of cigarette harm reduction efficacy.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cigarette tar depression and harm reduction in the tobacco industry, provides application of a cigarette cooling agent in a cigarette filter tip and further provides the cigarette filter tip containing the cigarette cooling agent and a preparation method thereof. The invention puts forward the concept of cooling and harm reduction of the filter tip for the first time, provides a novel method and way for the cigarette tar depression and harm reduction and greatly promotes the development of a cigarette tar depression and harm reduction technology. In addition, the cigarette cooling agent is ammonium salt, can reduce the temperature of cigarette smoke passing through the filter tip in the smoking process, especially can effectively reduce the temperatures of the last two cigarette smoking times at the filter tip, makes certain harmful ingredients having higher boiling points in the passed cigarette smoke to condense, obviously reduces the tar release amount of a whole cigarette and reduces the smoking harm of the whole cigarette.

The invention relates to an extraction process for subcritical fluid. Finished tobacco leaves are extracted by using the subcritical fluid as an extraction solvent, so that partial nicotine and tar matrix in the tobacco leaves are extracted into the extraction solvent; and the solvent is separated from the tobacco leaves, so that the shape of the finished tobacco leaves is kept, the harm of the finished tobacco leaves is reduced and the tar of the finished tobacco leaves is reduced. After the finished tobacco leaves are subjected to shape keeping, harm reduction and tar reduction treatment, the appearance shape of the tobacco leaves is kept well, and meanwhile, the nicotine content and the tar matrix content of the tobacco leaves are reduced; cigarettes prepared by using the tobacco leaves as a raw material generate little tar and nicotine during smoking so as to meet the requirements of reducing the harm and reducing the tar in the industry; the components such as the nicotine, the tar matrix and the like separated from the solvent can be used as raw materials for producing other products; the extraction solvent can be recycled; and the process has good development prospect.

The invention discloses a safety protection device for a numerically controlled lathe. The safety protection device comprises a heartbeat and blood pressure detecting device, a wireless signal receiver, an infrared photoelectric sensor, an alarm and a spindle brake system, wherein the heartbeat and blood pressure detecting device comprises a pressure sensor, a heartbeat sensor, a signal conditioning and acquiring unit, a core control unit and a wireless signal transmitter; the signal conditioning and acquiring unit consists of a programmable amplifying circuit, an anti-aliasing filtering circuit, an A / D (analog / digital) conversion chip and a first-input and first-output register; and the core control unit consists of a digital signal processor and a programmable logic chip. Emergency behaviors such as strong beating of the heart, elevation of the blood pressure, muscular tension and perspiration of a human body when the human body gets hurt is used as a judgment basis, and the safety protection device acquires signals and analyzes the signals by using a wireless communication technology, judges whether the human body is in danger or not, transmits signals to a special receiver for a numerically controlled system if the human body is in danger, and timely triggers emergency actions, namely, rotation of a spindle and movement of a feeding shaft are quickly stopped; and safety treatment is automatically and quickly performed when the human body is in danger, and harm is reduced.