310results about "Ferric oxides" patented technology

4, 4 '-bipyridine (Bpy), 2, 5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (Tdc), FeCl3. 6H2O, NiCl2. 6H2O, urea and tetrabutylammonium bromide are used as raw materials, a simple hydrothermal-calcination method is adopted to prepare the Fe2O3-coated Ni-MOF composite nanomaterial catalyst, X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a N2 adsorption and desorption technology are adopted to characterize a prepared sample, and the electro-catalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of the Fe2O3-coated Ni-MOF composite nanomaterial catalyst is tested. Results show that compared with a single component, the activity of the composite nano-material catalyst is greatly improved, especially the composition-optimized Fe2O3-coated Ni-MOF-1 composite nano-material catalyst shows the highest catalytic activity, the composite nano-material catalyst catalyzes OER in 1M KOH, and the overpotential (eta 10) is only 330mV when the current density is 10mA / cm < 2 > and is close to the overpotential 291mV of a noble metal catalyst RuO2.

The invention discloses a spodumene concentrate resourceful treatment method which comprises the following steps: carrying out wet treatment on spodumene acid clinker to prepare lithium-removed filter residues and leachate; carrying out neutralization treatment and desulfurization treatment on the leachate to obtain a lithium-containing purified solution, gypsum and iron oxide red, and carrying out lithium extraction treatment on the lithium-containing purified solution to obtain a lithium salt and mirabilite; the lithium-removed filter residues are treated through a process combining a beneficiation method and a chemical method, and water glass, nano kaolinite, ceramsite aggregate and tantalum-niobium concentrate are obtained. According to the method, whole-process slag-free production of the spodumene concentrate is achieved, and meanwhile the lithium-containing compound with the high purity and the high quality is obtained; and various valuable products can be obtained.

Systems and methods for generating hydrogen through serpentinization of iron-bearing rock, including mafic rock, ultramafic rock and banded iron formations is presented herein. The systems and methods use geothermally-heated and / or surface-heated fluid circulating through one or more fluidically-communicative wellbores to accelerate the production of hydrogen. A geothermal-injector wellbore is formed in a geothermal rock layer, and is communicative with a separate geothermal-collection wellbore, also formed in the geothermal layer. Fluid is pumped through the geothermal-injector wellbore, geothermally heated, collected by the geothermal-collection wellbore, and injected into a targeted rock layer that includes iron-bearing rock. The heated fluid increases the rate of hydrogen production though serpentinization of the rock, which is then collected through a separate producer wellbore. In some cases, a serpentinization-injector wellbore is used to circulate surface-heated and / or chemically-treated fluid to the targeted rock layer to accelerate hydrogen production.

The present invention provides a method of producing hydrochloric acid, comprising reacting high-temperature gaseous chlorine and water vapour in a carbon-free reverse Deacon reaction (RDR) at a temperature of from about 450 to about 750 °Celsius to produce a mixture of gases comprising hydrogen chloride and oxygen. The chlorine is produced by fusing and electrolysing sodium or magnesium chloride in solid phase. The water vapour comes from thermally decomposing a hydroxide of at least one of calcium, magnesium and iron in the absence of oxygen to produce the water vapour without any admixture of oxygen (e.g., from atmospheric air). The mixture of gases produced by the RDR is immediately contacted with liquid water to dissolve the hydrogen chloride therein, thereby producing hydrochloric acid and a stream of tail gases. Heat is extracted from the hydrochloric acid to maintain its temperature substantially constant until the stream of tail gases is no longer in contact therewith. Thus the chlorine and water vapour are both supplied to the RDR at high purity and require little, if any, preheating. Heat extracted from contacting the mixture of gases with liquid water may be used to keep the RDR within its range of operating temperatures. Oxygen can be separated from the stream of tail gases, and the oxygen-depleted stream can be recycled back to the RDR to give a high percentage conversion of chlorine to hydrogen chloride. The RDR may be uncatalysed and kept within its operating temperature range by radio-frequency volumetric heating in at least one of the IEEE Ku-, K- and Ka-bands. The invention also provides a corresponding apparatus (1h) for producing hydrochloric acid, comprising an electrolytic cell (10) for the electrolysis, a gas-tight kiln (20) for the thermal decomposition, a gas-phase reactor (30) for the RDR, and an absorber (40) for dissolving the hydrogen chloride in the liquid water. The apparatus (1h) may further comprise a separator (80) for separating the stream of tail gases into the oxygen-depleted stream and a stream of oxygen, which may be fed to a steelmaking apparatus (90), for example. The liquid water for dissolving the hydrogen chloride can come from condensing water vapour obtained by drying an aqueous solution of sodium or magnesium chloride or of sodium hydroxide. The apparatus (1h) may therefore also comprise a dryer (60) for drying this aqueous solution, and a condenser (70) for condensing the water vapour thus obtained. Sodium chloride or magnesium chloride in solid phase derived from drying the aqueous solution may be recycled back to the electrolytic cell (10). Electricity for the electrolysis can come from a renewable resource. At least some of the heat for the thermal decomposition may come from the liquid metal which is a co-product of the electrolysis. The invention is therefore highly energy efficient and requires little, if any, extra energy, apart from the electricity required for the electrolysis. The invention also uses commonly available ingredients and produces no greenhouse gases.

The application discloses an oxygen reduction catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the oxygen reduction catalyst comprises the following steps: S1: mixing mycelia of filamentous fungi, ferrocene and a nitrogen source, and performing first calcination to obtain a mixture A; and S2: mixing the mixture A and a ZnCl2 solution, and performing activation and carbonization reaction to obtain the oxygen reduction catalyst. The preparation method can realize environmental management through waste recycling, and has the advantages of easy preparation of raw materials, low cost, simple preparation method, and suitability for large-scale preparation and application. Meanwhile, the oxygen reduction catalyst has the advantages of obvious three-dimensional porous structure, large specific surface area, rich active sites, good catalytic activity and stability.

The invention discloses a method and equipment for in-situ synthesis of food-grade nano iron oxide from a donkey-hide gelatin medium, and the method comprises the following steps: dissolving enzymolysis donkey-hide gelatin peptide at 75-82 DEG C by using an interlayer heating type gelatin boiling tank to form a reaction medium, applying 40-60kHz ultrasonic waves through a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic vibrator array integrated at the bottom of the tank, and generating a 0.3-0.5 T magnetic field through a Helmholtz coil surrounding the tank, the uniform dispersion and directional crystallization of Fe < 3 + > / Fe < 2 + > (the molar ratio is 2: 1) in a donkey-hide gelatin matrix are synergistically promoted; the preparation method comprises the following steps: accurately regulating the pH value to 8.5-9.5 by utilizing an ammonia water pulse quantitative injection device, combining citric acid-ascorbic acid dual modification, and finally carrying out magnetic separation, ceramic membrane filtration and freeze drying to obtain the high-purity beta-cyclodextrin with the average particle size of 38.5 + / -4.2 nm (PDilt; 0.2) of nano iron oxide; the bioavailability is more than two times that of a traditional iron agent, and no organic solvent is left; according to the method, safe, efficient and large-scale preparation of the nano iron oxide is realized through equipment-process collaborative innovation.

The application discloses a kind of iron oxide / nickel ferrite composite nanorods and synthesis method thereof, belong to nanometer material technical field.The obtained composite nanorod is polycrystalline structure, and is composed of rhombohedral Fe2O3 and cubic NiFe2O4 crystal phase.The diameter of the composite nanorod is 10-100nm, and the length is greater than 500nm.The synthesis method is that iron acetate and nickel acetate are dissolved in deionized water, heated to temperature 80-100 DEG C, and kept for 1-5h, and iron oxide / nickel ferrite precursor is obtained after cooling and drying;iron oxide / nickel ferrite precursor is mixed with calcium chloride and sodium chloride, then the mixture is loaded into corundum crucible, the crucible is placed in reaction furnace, at temperature 800-1000 DEG C, and kept for 5-10h.The synthesis process of the application is simple, does not need complex equipment, and is easy to control.Iron oxide / nickel ferrite composite nanorod has a large number of catalytic active sites, and is expected to have good interface performance, catalytic activity, electrical and magnetic properties, and has good application prospect in catalysts, electrical devices and magnetic devices.

This invention belongs to the field of lithium-ion battery technology, specifically relating to a composite cathode material for lithium-ion batteries and its preparation method. The composite cathode material consists of three parts: a cathode matrix material, a lithium replenishment material, and a catalyst material. The preparation method is as follows: (1) preparing a composite material of the cathode matrix material and the lithium replenishment material in situ; (2) dispersing the catalyst material on the surface of the composite material and forming a stable interface layer between the catalyst material and the lithium replenishment material. Through the method of this invention: the lithium replenishment material has both surface modification of the cathode matrix material and lithium replenishment of the negative electrode, simultaneously improving the battery's initial efficiency and cycle stability; introducing the catalyst material onto the surface of the lithium replenishment material in situ fixes the free O generated by the Li release from the lithium replenishment material, alleviating the battery swelling phenomenon and further improving the battery's cycle stability and safety; moreover, the preparation process is simple, the raw materials are cheap and readily available, the production cost is low, and it is easy to promote industrial production.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and discloses a lithium supplement agent precursor and a preparation method thereof, a lithium supplement agent, a lithium ion battery and electric equipment. The chemical formula of the lithium supplementing agent precursor is Fe2-x-yAlxMeyO3 + / -delta, the value of x, the value of y and the value of delta enable the chemical formula to keep valence equilibrium, x is larger than or equal to 0 and smaller than or equal to 0.4, y is larger than or equal to 0 and smaller than or equal to 0.1, and Me is selected from at least one of Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Ti and Zr. After the lithium supplement agent precursor is mixed with lithium and sintered into the lithium supplement agent, the morphology has inheritance, the mechanical strength is higher than that of an irregular morphology, the specific surface area of the lithium supplement agent can be reduced, the side reaction with an electrolyte is reduced, the cycle performance of a battery is improved, the compaction density of the material can be improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. And the material has a good application prospect in lithium ion batteries.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a Fe2O3 catalyst, and the preparation method of the Fe2O3 catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a first ferric salt and a second ferric salt in water to form a solution, adding an organic solvent, adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 8-10, and placing at 150-170 DEG C for hydrothermal reaction; and (2) separating the solid in the step (1), and calcining the solid intermediate at 490-510 DEG C to obtain the Fe2O3 catalyst. According to the invention, two iron salts are adopted to form a precursor with a specific structure in a high-temperature and high-pressure water-organic solvent environment, and then the precursor is calcined at a specific temperature to obtain the Fe2O3 catalyst with high medium and low temperature activity and a wider active temperature window, and the Fe2O3 catalyst is suitable for flue gas denitration of glass furnaces, cement furnaces and the like.

The invention discloses a method for recycling and regenerating a positive electrode material of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery, and relates to the technical field of positive electrode materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries. When the lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material is prepared, recycled lithium carbonate, recycled iron oxide red, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, lithium fluoride, cerium nitrate hexahydrate, lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate and glucose are mixed and calcined to prepare doped modified lithium iron phosphate; coating the surface of the doped modified lithium iron phosphate with polyaniline to prepare polyaniline-coated lithium iron phosphate; and mixing the polyaniline-coated lithium iron phosphate, a conductive agent and a binder, and coating an aluminum foil with the mixture to prepare the positive electrode material of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material prepared by the invention has good cycle performance.

This invention belongs to the field of aerogel technology, and relates to a silicon-based aerogel composite material, its preparation method, and its application. The preparation method of the silicon-based aerogel composite material is as follows: An active component precursor is added to a solvent and stirred until homogeneous, forming an active component precursor solution; ethanol and acid are added to the silicon-based precursor, stirred until homogeneous, and cooled to room temperature to form a silicon-based precursor solution; the active component precursor solution is added to form a precursor-silica sol mixed solution; an alkaline solution is added and stirred until homogeneous, forming a mixed solution; a stepped hot melt-gel treatment is performed, followed by standing to form a silicon-based composite wet gel; solvent replacement and drying yield silicon; the stepped hot melt-gel reaction includes 2-5 temperature stages, each lasting 10-80 minutes at 50-100°C. This invention employs a controllable stepped hot melt-gel process to obtain a silicon-based aerogel composite material with both high specific surface area and excellent mechanical properties.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid pickling waste liquid recovery treatment, and particularly discloses a production method and device for recycling hydrochloric acid pickling waste water, and the production method comprises the steps of purification and impurity removal, filter pressing to remove tailings, neutralization reaction, iron red filtration, refining electrolysis to separate acid and alkali and the like. According to the production method, full-quantization high-value recovery of the hydrochloric acid pickling wastewater is achieved, remarkable economic, environmental and industrial application values are achieved, regenerated hydrochloric acid and liquid caustic soda can be directly recycled, closed-loop utilization of resources is achieved, meanwhile, a high-temperature roasting process is abandoned, energy consumption of each ton of waste liquid is reduced, purchased chemicals are reduced, and the production method is suitable for large-scale production of enterprises. The manganese ion removal rate is greater than or equal to 99% through graded impurity removal, and the product purity is high; and only a small amount of hazardous waste tailings are generated, secondary pollution is avoided, the triple targets of wastewater treatment, resource recovery and economic benefits are achieved, and technical support is provided for sustainable development of enterprises.

The invention discloses a high-concentration sulfate acid pit water treatment method based on an acid-resistant SRB biological cathode, which comprises the following steps: enabling acid pit water to pass through a grid and then enter a regulating reservoir; introducing the wastewater in the regulating tank into a biological membrane electrochemical device for electrochemical reaction; oxidizing Fe < 2 + > in the wastewater into Fe < 3 + > on a titanium-based IrO2 anode plate and releasing electrons in an anode chamber; in the cathode chamber, an acid-resistant SRB bacterial film loaded on the surface of the carbon felt electrode reduces SO4 < 2-> into S < 2-> by utilizing transferred electrons; cO2 microbubbles are introduced into the liquid in the cathode chamber to react with S < 2-> to generate sulfur precipitates, and the reacted mixed liquid enters a cyclone separator to realize gas-solid separation; and carrying out hydrolysis reaction on Fe < 3 + > in the effluent of the anode chamber to generate Fe (OH) 3 precipitate, mixing the Fe (OH) 3 precipitate with sodium silicate, and calcining to convert the mixture into magnetic alpha-Fe2O3. The method can effectively remove SO4 < 2-> and recover iron sludge.

A method for preparing a two-dimensional porous oxide belongs to the technical field of porous oxide preparation. The method includes the following steps: (1) using a metal salt as a precursor, an ion-intercalated two-dimensional oxide is prepared by a molten salt method; (2) the ion-intercalated two-dimensional oxide is mixed with a lithium initiator, reacted for a predetermined time, and then the unreacted lithium initiator is removed, filtered, and washed to obtain the two-dimensional porous oxide. The two-dimensional porous oxide prepared by this method forms uniform pores with a pore size range of 2-10 nm and a specific surface area of ​​200-300 m². 2 / g.

The invention discloses a method for macroscopically preparing two-dimensional nanosheets based on an external field coupling technology, and belongs to the technical field of external field coupling and macroscopically preparing the two-dimensional nanosheets. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol and stirred to form a uniform and transparent solution; adding acetone and metal precursor salt into the solution, and continuously stirring to obtain a uniform and stable precursor solution; carrying out gas jet spinning on the precursor solution through a needle head to obtain a composite nanosheet; and calcining the composite nanosheet in an air atmosphere to obtain the hierarchical porous metal oxide two-dimensional nanosheet. The method is convenient and efficient to operate, products are easy to obtain, macroscopic preparation can be achieved, and the green and environment-friendly production concept is met. According to the method, the fine structure of the two-dimensional nanosheet can be regulated and controlled by introducing a continuous air flow external field and only changing the three parameters of air pressure, the solution flow rate and the thickness of the needle head.

A method for utilizing red mud and coal gangue, comprising: pretreating the red mud and the coal gangue, wherein the pretreatment comprises: at least grinding the red mud and the coal gangue, mixing the ground red mud and the coal gangue with gypsum to form a grinding mixture, and sieving the grinding mixture to obtain a first undersize product; reducing and roasting and activating the first undersize product to obtain a reduction roasting product; and chemically treating the reduction roasting product to obtain an iron red product. The method for utilizing red mud and coal gangue provided by the present application can realize efficient reuse of industrial solid waste red mud, coal gangue and desulfurization gypsum, achieve the effects of reducing environmental pollution and reasonably utilizing resources, and improve the efficiency of preparing iron red based on red mud and coal gangue and the purity of the iron red.

The invention provides a method for preparing iron red by chloridizing and separating an iron-containing alloy and application, and the method comprises the following steps: adding a chlorinating agent into the iron-containing alloy for roasting to obtain roasting slag and roasting flue gas; introducing a first oxidizing gas into the roasting flue gas, and performing primary roasting transformation to obtain a solid and a first mixed gas; introducing a second oxidizing gas into the solid, and carrying out secondary roasting transformation to obtain the iron oxide red and a second mixed gas; wherein the first mixed gas comprises chlorine and ferric oxide gas; the second mixed gas comprises oxygen and chlorine. The method has the characteristic of short flow, realizes zero emission through chlorine medium closed-loop circulation, has the advantages of environmental friendliness and process advancement, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The application discloses a high-concentration sulfate radical acid mine water treatment method based on acid-resistant SRB biological cathode, which comprises the following steps: after the acid mine water is filtered through a grid, the acid mine water is fed into an adjusting tank; the wastewater in the adjusting tank is fed into a biological membrane electrochemical device to perform an electrochemical reaction; in an anode chamber, Fe 2+ in the wastewater is oxidized into Fe 3+ and releases electrons; in a cathode chamber, the acid-resistant SRB bacterial membrane loaded on the surface of a carbon felt electrode utilizes the transmitted electrons to reduce SO4 2‑ into S 2‑ ; CO2 micro-bubbles are fed into the liquid in the cathode chamber to react with S 2‑ to generate sulfur precipitate, and the mixed solution after the reaction is fed into a cyclone separator to realize gas-solid separation; Fe 3+ in the water in the anode chamber generates Fe(OH)3 precipitate through a hydrolysis reaction, the Fe(OH)3 precipitate is mixed with sodium silicate, and is calcined to be converted into alpha-Fe2O3 with magnetism. The method can effectively remove SO4 2‑ and recover iron mud.

The invention discloses a method for preparing vinyl chloride by electrocatalytic dechlorination of 1, 2-dichloroethane, a working electrode of the method takes a metal oxide as a catalyst, and the metal oxide is selected from at least one of the following metal oxides: Pd, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru and Mo. According to the invention, the metal oxide powder is used as the electrocatalyst, the catalyst is coated on the electrode material to prepare the working electrode, the working electrode is applied to electrocatalytic dechlorination reaction of 1, 2-dichloroethane, vinyl chloride can be generated at high selectivity at room temperature, a new way is opened up for production of vinyl chloride by electrocatalytic dechlorination, and the method has wide application prospect. And a green and low-cost solution is provided for efficient synthesis of vinyl chloride.

This invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource recycling technology in the metallurgical industry. It discloses a process for preparing iron oxide red and extracting titanium dioxide from high-iron red mud. The process involves mixing high-iron red mud with an alkaline agent, followed by water leaching to obtain a water-leached solution and a water-leached residue. The water-leached solution undergoes desilication and carbon removal treatment to obtain aluminum hydroxide and sodium carbonate solutions. The water-leached residue is then acid-leached with sulfuric acid; silicon is recovered as silica gel, while aluminum and iron enter the solution and undergo polymerization to prepare a water purification agent. The acid-leached residue is treated with a high-temperature heap leaching-water leaching process using concentrated sulfuric acid to achieve efficient dissolution and separation of titanium. The titanium-iron mixed solution is subjected to stepwise crystallization control, successively precipitating ferric sulfate and ferrous sulfate crystals, which are then pyrolyzed to generate high-purity iron oxide red. Finally, the mother liquor is subjected to titanium precipitation and pyrolysis to obtain titanium dioxide. This invention achieves efficient separation and high-value utilization of all components of iron, titanium, aluminum, and silicon in red mud. The process flow is rationally cyclical, resulting in high-value-added products with low energy consumption and no secondary pollution.

A system for the synthesis of zinc oxide, iron oxide and manganese oxide nanoparticles by means of green synthesis using pea shell biomass extract as a reducing agent, wherein the nanoparticles have sizes in the range of 40-120 nm, which were confirmed by UV-Vis absorption, FTIR and FESEM.

The present invention provides a powder that has high reaction efficiency and can maintain that reaction efficiency even after repeated oxidation-reduction reactions. The powder comprises iron oxide particles and oxide particles, wherein the oxide particles contain at least one of Cr and Si as an oxide, the average particle diameter of the oxide particles is 0.5 nm or more and 100 nm or less, the average value of the ratio Fmax / Fmin (the ratio of the maximum Ferret diameter Fmax to the minimum Ferret diameter Fmin) of the oxide particles is 2.0 or more, and the oxide particles are in contact with the iron oxide particles at an average contact rate of 20% or more and 80% or less.

The invention discloses a staged hydrothermal synthesis method of high-dispersion small-size nano iron oxide, which comprises the following preparation steps: (1) sequentially adding a surfactant, an iron source and a reaction aid into a water-organic solvent binary mixed solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution; (2) carrying out a nucleation reaction on the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) in a closed container at 80-100 DEG C for 0.5-1.5 h, and then growing at 120-180 DEG C for 5-12 h to obtain a precursor solution; and (3) centrifuging, washing and drying the precursor solution obtained in the step (3), and calcining at 450-550 DEG C for 1-3 hours to obtain the high-dispersion small-size nano iron oxide. According to the invention, a staged hydrothermal reaction mechanism is innovatively introduced, and the reaction auxiliary agent and the surfactant are combined, so that the nano-particles with small size, high dispersion and low-temperature high crystallization are obtained.

The application discloses a hydrochloric acid pickling waste liquid resource treatment process based on supergravity neutralization and ammonia closed loop, relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid pickling waste liquid recovery treatment, and comprises the steps of purification and impurity removal, supergravity neutralization, solid-liquid separation, ammonia recovery and product preparation, etc. The supergravity reaction device is used to realize high-speed and high-efficiency neutralization of the waste liquid and ammonia gas, and through the reaction of calcium oxide and the neutralization product, i.e. ammonium chloride, ammonia gas is recovered under negative pressure and is used in the neutralization step again, forming an ammonia closed loop cycle. Meanwhile, the valuable components in the waste liquid are converted into high-purity iron red products and calcium chloride products in the whole process, and high-quality purified water is recovered. The application solves the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency, insufficient resource recovery and secondary pollution caused by the traditional hydrochloric acid pickling waste liquid treatment method, realizes clean and efficient disposal of the waste liquid and full-amount high-value recovery of resources, and has both economic benefits and environmental benefits.

The invention discloses a titanium white waste acid treatment process, and relates to the technical field of industrial waste regeneration. The titanium white waste acid is subjected to microfiltration and membrane electrolysis treatment, sulfuric acid is separated and recycled under the control of constant pressure and constant current, and residual liquid is subjected to electrodialysis treatment to oxidize ferrous ions into ferric hydroxide precipitates and calcined into ferric oxide; carrying out reduction leaching on the titanium-containing material, hydrolyzing to generate metatitanic acid, and calcining to obtain titanium dioxide; oxidizing the hydrolysate to precipitate vanadate, and calcining to obtain vanadium pentoxide; adjusting the pH value of the filtrate, selectively adsorbing scandium through a biological adsorption column, precipitating and calcining the eluent to obtain scandium oxide, and regenerating and recycling the adsorbent through acid pickling. According to the process, through multi-stage treatment and biological adsorption, resource recycling of sulfuric acid, iron, titanium, vanadium and scandium components in the waste acid is achieved, the process is clean and efficient, secondary pollution of a traditional process is avoided, and a green low-carbon solution is provided for waste acid treatment in the titanium dioxide industry.

The invention discloses a method for realizing degradation of polyalkylene oxide compounds and controllable molecular weight through a promoter, which comprises the following steps: adding a photodegradation promoter into a high-molecular-weight polyalkylene oxide product, adjusting the proportion of the promoter and the proportion of effective components, and accurately controlling the shear molecular weight under the irradiation of an ozone emitter, so that the molecular weight of the polyalkylene oxide compounds is controllable. According to the invention, polyalkylene oxide with different molecular weights of 30,000-3,000,000 is prepared by using the photodegradation cocatalyst, so that the photodegradation cocatalyst can meet the requirements of customers in different fields, and meanwhile, the photodegradation cocatalyst prepared by the invention can be recycled to achieve the benefits of reducing cost and improving efficiency.

This invention relates to an atomic-level manufacturing method and apparatus for two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheets based on controllable micro-explosion, belonging to the field of functional nanomaterials and atomic-level precision manufacturing technology. This invention uses transition metal energetic complexes and energetic oxygen compounds as metal-oxygen integrated precursors. Under the constraint of an array-type nano-confined microcavity, controllable micro-explosions are synchronously triggered by nanosecond lasers to achieve nanosecond-level stoichiometric precision in the directional self-assembly of two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheets. The preparation cycle of this invention is reduced to less than 10 minutes, and the overall energy consumption is less than 1% of that of the traditional hydrothermal method. The product has excellent specific surface area, photocatalytic and cycling performance, and is 100% compatible with existing mass production lines. It is suitable for large-scale manufacturing in fields such as photocatalysis, energy storage, gas sensors, and environmental governance.

Nanoparticulate material suitable for administration to a subject, the nanoparticulate material having bound to its surface: (a) copolymeric steric stabiliser that promotes dispersion of the nanoparticulate material in a liquid, wherein the copolymeric steric stabiliser comprises (i) an anchoring polymer segment having one or more binding groups that bind the copolymeric steric stabiliser to the nanoparticulate material, and (ii) a steric stabilising polymer segment that is different from the anchoring polymer segment, and (b) copolymeric mapping moiety comprising (i) an anchoring polymer segment having one or more binding groups that bind the copolymeric mapping moiety to the nanoparticulate material, (ii) one or more mapping groups comprising an agent that specifically binds to fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and (iii) a coupling polymer segment that is different to the anchoring polymer segment, wherein the coupling polymer segment couples the anchoring polymer segment to the one or more mapping groups.

A system for producing iron oxide yellow from coal gangue leachate comprises a first reaction tank, a second reaction tank, a mixing tank and a filter press, a first inlet and a second inlet are formed in the top of the first reaction tank, a first pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the first reaction tank to supply materials to the second reaction tank, a second pipeline is arranged to supply materials to the mixing tank, and a third inlet and a fourth inlet are formed in the top of the second reaction tank. A first aeration pipe is arranged in the second reaction tank, an overflow pipe is arranged on the side wall of the second reaction tank, a fifth valve is arranged to control opening and closing, a third pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the second reaction tank to supply materials to the mixing tank, a fifth inlet is formed in the top of the mixing tank, a second aeration pipe is arranged in the mixing tank, and a fourth pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the mixing tank to supply materials to the filter press; a fourth valve is arranged on the fourth pipeline, and a solid-phase discharge port of the filter press is used for discharging iron oxide yellow outwards. The device is simple in structure and low in production cost, and can effectively avoid environmental pollution on the basis of improving the utilization value of the coal gangue leachate.