The invention provides a method for soluble expression of recombinant protein of a human brain natriuretic peptide (Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide, hBNP). The method comprises the following steps: 1) obtaining a recombinant gene, namely obtaining the recombinant gene His-DsbAmut-BNP of expressing the recombinant protein of the human brain natriuretic peptide, wherein the sequence of the recombinant gene comprises a purified tag gene sequence, a molecular chaperone protein gene sequence, a protease recognition site sequence and a human brain natriuretic peptide sequence, which are sequentially arranged along the direction from 5' to 3'; 2) obtaining recombinant plasmids, namely inserting the recombinant gene obtained in the previous step into a carrier vector, so as to obtain the recombinant plasmids containing the recombinant gene; 3) obtaining genetically engineered bacterium, transferring the recombinant plasmids obtained in the previous step into host cells to obtain the genetically engineered bacterium; 4) expressing exogenous genes, fermenting the genetically engineered bacterium, and expressing fusion protein containing the human brain natriuretic peptide; 5) purifying target protein, splitting thallus, collecting fusion protein, removing molecular chaperone and carrying out chromatographic purification by protease digestion, so as to obtain the recombinant protein of the human brain natriuretic peptide.