The invention provides a microscopic direct vision system used for bone tissue aspiration biopsy, and belongs to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments. The system mainly comprises amain shaft, a limiter, a mechanical arm, a clamping head, a puncture needle, a three-phase joint, a negative-pressure collector, a fiberscope, an adapter scope and an electron ocular. An arc-shaped gap is used as a window by using the fiberscope in the puncture needle, then the adapter scope is connected with the electronic ocular to serve as a camera shooting end, and images of the inside of pathological tissue are amplified through the electronic ocular and then transmitted to a computer, so that convenience is brought to visualized puncture and pathological tissue structure observation ofmedical workers. Besides, needle insertion is mechanically conducted, and compared with manual operation, the intensity of mechanical needle insertion is more uniform, and shaking is prevented. In a word, the system is reasonable in design, and has the advantages of being high in controllability, high in precision, high in diagnosis accuracy, high in safety and the like.