144 results about "Modulation transfer" patented technology

The invention provides an ocean vortex region one-dimensional wave spectrum inversion method based on a synthetic aperture radar, and the method comprises the steps: recognizing an ocean vortex through HY-2 fusion data, collecting a Sentinel-1 dual-polarized SAR image covering a vortex region, and obtaining WAVEWATCH-III wave mode data; a hydrodynamic modulation transfer function is improved, and a vortex shear flow influence factor is introduced; an XGBoost machine learning model is adopted, and an ocean vortex region SAR one-dimensional sea wave spectrum inversion algorithm is established; and verifying the accuracy of the SAR one-dimensional sea wave spectrum inversion algorithm. According to the method, the precision limitation of traditional wave theory inversion in a vortex region is broken through, and the one-dimensional wave spectrum inversion precision is improved.

A protective barrier affixable to a curved substrate comprises a stack of two or more lenses, each of the two or more lenses including a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a hard coat on a first side of the PET film, and an adhesive layer on a second side of the PET film opposite the first side. The stack of two or more lenses may have a modulation transfer function that exhibits a contrast value greater than 75% for a spatial resolution of one line-pair per 0.0003 radians at 65 degrees angle of incidence. Heat and pressure may be applied to conform the stack of two or more lenses to the shape of the curved substrate.

The invention provides an optical imaging lens. The optical imaging lens comprises a lens barrel, a lens group and a spacing assembly, and the lens group is composed of six lenses. The six lenses are sequentially a first lens with negative focal power, a second lens with focal power, a third lens with positive focal power, a fourth lens with negative focal power, a fifth lens with positive focal power and a sixth lens with negative focal power from the object side to the image side along the optical axis of the optical imaging lens; the following conditions are satisfied: 4.20 lt; l / (T45 + T56) lt; 4.95 DEG C, 4.95 DEG C; the following conditions are satisfied: 1.15 lt; f5 / d5slt; 1.65, 1.65; the following conditions are satisfied: 7.00 lt; (D5s-d4s) / EP45lt; and 11.90, 11.90. The optical imaging lens solves the problems that in the prior art, an air gap between adjacent lenses located at the image side end of a six-piece type optical imaging lens is large, the light ray progress is prone to being affected, and then the out-of-focus curve of a modulation transfer function deviates and the peak value is reduced.

The invention discloses an SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) image MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) quality evaluation method and system based on a natural scene edge, and the method comprises the steps: building a selection standard system for automatic edge screening of a natural scene SAR image, and determining a high-contrast linear edge according to the standard system; automatically detecting a high-contrast linear edge in the natural scene, and intercepting a region of interest for subsequent calculation based on the position of the linear edge; gray level distribution is extracted in the normal direction of the linear edge, and an edge spread function is constructed and used for describing gray level transition response of the imaging system in the edge area; carrying out normalization and smoothing processing on the edge spread function, and carrying out spatial domain first-order differential calculation to obtain a line spread function; and performing fast Fourier transform on the line spread function to obtain a modulation degree transfer function curve, and representing the detail transfer capability of the system under different spatial frequencies. According to the method, the imaging quality of the SAR image of the natural scene can be automatically, accurately and quantitatively evaluated under the condition that manual field arrangement is not needed.

The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a high-signal-to-noise-ratio modulation transfer spectrum frequency stabilization light path system. The system comprises a laser, an optical isolator, a first half-wave plate, a first polarization splitting prism, an optical fiber coupler, a second half-wave plate, a second polarization splitting prism, a first reflecting mirror, an electro-optical modulator, a second reflecting mirror and a third polarization splitting prism, wherein the first half-wave plate is used for adjusting the power of frequency stabilization light; the second half-wave plate is used for adjusting the power ratio of pump light to probe light; a first quarter-wave plate, a second quarter-wave plate, an atomic gas chamber and a photoelectric detector; after the output of the laser is isolated by the optical isolator, the first half-wave plate and the first polarization splitting prism are matched to adjust the frequency stabilization total beam power to about 5mW; the pump light is modulated by the electro-optical modulator, the probe light and the pump light reversely interact in the atomic gas chamber in an anti-phase circular polarization state, and the signal-to-noise ratio of a modulation transfer signal and the stability of a frequency stabilization system are remarkably improved.

A technique is disclosed for analyzing and displaying the extent to which the images and structures inferred by a physically seeded multiscale network correspond to genuine resolution improvement through noise insensitive point spread function deconvolution, and the extent to which they correspond to the hallucination of realistic looking structures with realistic frequency contents. A relative modulation transfer function can be computed, which can represent the distribution of frequency components in a particular reconstruction (e.g., a volumetric reconstruction from high-resolution data) that are not robustly recovered by a different reconstruction (e.g., a volumetric reconstruction via processing of low-resolution data with a trained neural network). The high-frequency portion of these frequency components can represent hallucinations introduced by a trained neural network, and can be leveraged to filter the different reconstruction prior to further use.

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted equipment testing devices, and discloses a vibration test evaluation method and device suitable for a long-focus wide-angle vehicle-mounted camera, a plurality of cameras to be tested are installed on a six-degree-of-freedom vibration table in a darkroom, and a position-adjustable test chart card and a light source system are arranged in front of the cameras; the driving module is adopted to lighten the camera, so that remote controllable shooting is realized; configuring a test environment, and adjusting parameters such as a graphic card position and illumination; driving a camera to shoot an image card under multiple working conditions, outputting an original image sequence, and driving a module to complete a traversal test; the driving module returns a shooting result to the image analysis module, and the image analysis module analyzes imaging quality in real time, evaluates indexes such as a modulation transfer function and motion blur, and generates a multi-dimensional optical performance report; generating a multi-degree optical dimension performance report of the camera; the technical problem that a real vehicle multi-degree-of-freedom direction vibration coupling scene cannot be simulated in the prior art is solved.

A diffraction grating includes a plurality of diffraction features and a plurality of grooves. Each groove of the plurality of grooves is adjacent to at least one diffraction feature of the plurality of diffraction features. One or more apodization features include apodization by a varied ratio of the filled region of one or more diffractive gratings to the total period, typically known as the grating fill factor to a gradually alter one or more edges of the plurality if diffraction features of at least one optical element of a waveguide. The one or more apodization features reduce a diffraction efficiency of at least one diffraction order of the diffraction grating.

The invention provides a laser frequency stabilization device and method based on optical frequency shift, and relates to the field of laser frequency stabilization, and the device comprises a first slave laser, a first frequency stabilization system, a second slave laser, a second frequency stabilization system, a master laser, an acousto-optic modulation module, and a phase-locked frequency stabilization device. The first slave laser is used for emitting first laser of a first wavelength; the main laser is used for emitting third laser with a second wavelength; the first frequency stabilization system is used for locking the first laser according to the first laser to obtain first frequency-stabilized laser; the second slave laser is used for emitting second laser with the first wavelength; the second frequency stabilization system is used for locking the second laser to obtain second frequency-stabilized laser; the acousto-optic modulation module is arranged between the first slave laser and a light path of the phase-locked frequency stabilization equipment; and the phase-locking frequency stabilization equipment is used for receiving the first frequency stabilized laser and the second frequency stabilized laser and carrying out frequency locking on the third laser according to the first frequency stabilized laser and the second frequency stabilized laser. According to the invention, the modulation transfer spectrum and the optical frequency shift can be combined to complete frequency locking of the laser.

An apparatus for automatic lens focusing in a camera for one or more images is provided. An apparatus includes a platform to receive a lens holder mounted on an image sensor. The lens holder includes the lens to form images of a target object on the image sensor. The apparatus includes a lens adjusting unit including fixed rollers and a driver roller. The fixed rollers and the driver roller are to establish a contact with the lens. The driver roller is to rotate to turn the lens to adjust parameters of the images. The apparatus includes a control unit to compute a modulation transfer function value based on the images of the target object received from the image sensor. The control unit is to compare the modulation transfer function value with a predefined threshold to generate driving signals to rotate the driver roller.

The invention discloses a partitioned scattering optical lens for myopia control and a design method of the partitioned scattering optical lens, which are applied to the technical field of optics, and aims to solve the problem that the central visual quality and the peripheral myopia control effect cannot be considered at the same time in the prior art, the optical lens comprises a central optical region, a peripheral optical region and a smooth transition zone, the central optical area is low in scattering coefficient and high in MTF, a high modulation transfer function and low scattering loss are achieved, the peripheral optical area is high in scattering coefficient and low in MTF, the central optical area is used for inducing peripheral myopic defocus, the smooth transition area is used for achieving continuous gradual change of the scattering coefficient, visual sudden change is avoided, and visual comfort is ensured. The design method comprises the steps of eye parameter acquisition, optical performance target definition, microstructure design and simulation optimization, through the scheme, effective decoupling of central vision and peripheral myopia control is achieved, high-definition vision is ensured, myopia progress is restrained, and wearing comfort is improved.

The invention discloses an image definition evaluation method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original image and an optical modulation transfer function; based on the original image and the optical modulation transfer function, generating a multi-scale baseline definition response set, an information-physical definition kernel, an uncertainty measure and an evidence vector; estimating a failure posterior probability based on the evidence vector; generating a gating weight based on the failure posterior probability and the uncertainty measure; and applying the failure posterior probability and the gating weight to execute failure posterior coupling processing on the multi-scale baseline definition response set and the information-physical definition kernel to generate a final definition evaluation result. The coupling process preferably includes applying analytic bias correction and performing cross-scale band selection. According to the method, the evaluation robustness in a complex scene is improved through a failure posterior coupling mechanism.

The invention provides a hyperspectral imaging system. The hyperspectral imaging system comprises a telescope group, a collimator objective, a prism, a volume holographic diffraction grating, an imaging objective and an imaging sensor which are arranged in sequence, the telescope group is composed of a primary reflector, a secondary reflector, a third reflector, a plane reflector and an entrance slit; the primary reflector, the secondary reflector and the third reflector form an off-axis three-reflector structure; the plane reflector is used for folding a light path; the collimating objective lens, the prism, the volume holographic diffraction grating, the imaging objective lens and the imaging sensor form an imaging spectrometer, and an entrance slit is used as object space input; the formed off-axis three-mirror and folded light path and an imaging spectrometer are in coaxial butt joint by taking an entrance slit as a node, and are used for joint correction and splicing to form a hyperspectral imaging system. According to the optical path architecture, optimal matching of the unobstructed total reflection front end and the transmission type rear end is realized, and the detection sensitivity of crop weak spectrum signals is greatly improved while a better modulation transfer function of a full view field is ensured.

The invention discloses a quantitative detection method for anti-perspective performance of a textile in a complex light environment, and belongs to the technical field of new material detection, a micro gap is arranged between the textile to be detected and a variable-frequency gray scale target to simulate a non-clinging state when clothes are worn and excite Fresnel diffraction and subsurface scattering effects, and the anti-perspective performance of the textile is detected. Complex illumination conditions such as backlight and sidelight are simulated by adjusting the light intensity ratio, and after a target perspective image is acquired by using an image acquisition unit, the modulation transfer function attenuation rate of a to-be-detected textile to the target is calculated, so that the anti-perspective performance of the textile is quantitatively represented; the interference of glare on the surface of the high-gloss fabric is effectively eliminated by introducing an orthogonal polarization modulation technology, and a detection result is highly consistent with the visual perception of human eyes by adopting a specific light source spectrum simulating the skin color of a human body; compared with a traditional light transmittance method, the method has the advantages that the dimension crossing from luminous flux measurement to image information fidelity evaluation is realized, and the accuracy, reliability and practicability of detection are remarkably improved.

Fluorescence imaging system designs are described that provide larger fields-of-view, increased spatial resolution, improved modulation transfer and image quality, higher spatial sampling frequency, faster transitions between image capture when repositioning the fields-of-view, improved imaging system duty cycle and a more compact system, and thus enable higher throughput image acquisition and analysis for genomics and other imaging applications at a lower cost.

The application relates to the technical field of atomic clocks, and provides a chip optical clock based on a modulation transfer spectrum principle and an implementation method thereof. The chip optical clock comprises: an on-chip narrow-line-width laser for emitting laser; a waveguide beam splitter for splitting the laser into two beams; one beam of laser is used for inputting into an electro-optic phase modulator, and the other beam of laser is used for inputting into a MEMS atomic cell; the electro-optic phase modulator is used for phase-modulating the one beam of laser and outputting pump light; the MEMS atomic cell is used for modulating and transferring the other beam of laser based on the pump light to obtain a probe spectrum; a photoelectric detector is used for converting the detected probe spectrum into an electric signal; a high-speed servo feedback control integrated circuit is used for converting the received electric signal into a feedback control signal, inputting the feedback control signal into a feedback control port of the on-chip narrow-line-width laser, realizing full-bandwidth locking, and outputting an optical clock signal. The above-designed chip optical clock has small integration difficulty and is easy to realize full-chip optical clock.

This invention discloses a high signal-to-noise ratio modulation transfer frequency stabilization optical path device, including a light source and a frequency stabilization optical path. The light source adopts an internally adjustable fiber collimator, with a 45° reflector behind it. The frequency stabilization optical path behind the 45° reflector includes a half-wave plate and a polarizing beam splitter (PBS). An atomic gas cell and two pyramidal reflectors are sequentially arranged on the probe light path of the PBS. A half-wave plate, a 45° reflector, an electro-optic modulator, another 45° reflector, and a half-wave plate are sequentially arranged on the pump light path. The polarizing beam splitter (PBS) is located at the convergence point of the two optical paths, and a 45° reflector, a frequency stabilization optical path lens, and a photodetector are sequentially arranged behind it. This invention cleverly utilizes a folded optical path design and fine-tunes the beam divergence angle to increase the length and area of ​​the laser-atomic interaction without increasing the system volume. At the same time, it actively controls the splitting ratio of the two frequency-stabilized beams, improving the stability of the frequency stabilization.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical system detection, and provides a multi-view-field modulation transfer function measurement method and system based on feature recognition, and the method comprises the steps: collecting an image containing a feature target, determining an imaging position of the feature target on a detector through a feature recognition algorithm, and building a mapping relation between the imaging position and a view field of a to-be-detected optical system, determining a cutting area, transmitting image data into a modulation transfer function calculation algorithm for calculation, obtaining a modulation transfer function calculation result at a specific field of view based on a single static picture, and obtaining a plurality of calculation results of modulation transfer functions at different fields of view by continuously changing the relative position between the optical system and the to-be-measured target. And based on the modulation transfer function at the known field of view, utilizing an interpolation algorithm to obtain modulation transfer function data at other specific fields of view. According to the invention, the field-of-view position of the target to be analyzed in the measurement optical system can be accurately determined, the system structure is greatly simplified, and the construction cost of the test system is reduced.

An image sensor pixel includes a light sensor disposed in a semiconductor substrate. To provide isolation to reduce inter-pixel crosstalk and increase a modulation transfer function (MTF), an etch stop layer is disposed on a first surface of a semiconductor substrate, and a deep trench is etched on a second surface opposite the etch stop layer disposed on the first surface. Etching is stopped at the etching stop layer, and the bottom surface of the etching deep groove is the surface of the etching stop layer. At least one dielectric layer may be deposited on sidewalls and a bottom surface of the deep trench, and the remainder of the deep trench is filled with a metal or other opaque material. An image sensor pixel includes a semiconductor substrate and a photodiode disposed therein, and a metal barrier passing through the semiconductor substrate and arranged to provide optical isolation of the photodiode.

The invention relates to the technical field of distortion correction, and discloses a laser imaging wavefront distortion correction system and method based on deep learning, and the system comprises a first module which collects three intensity images; the second module is used for estimating the Zernike coefficient and the amplitude of the target complex amplitude; the third module is used for constructing a loss function; a fourth module that calculates an actuator voltage; the fifth module is used for calculating the Stell ratio and the high-frequency lifting ratio in the modulation transfer function; and the sixth module is used for re-applying the voltage of the actuator when judging that the evaluation condition is not met. According to the method, a full-process correction mechanism is constructed by integrating deep learning and an optical physical rule, and initial correction is realized by stably solving the voltage of the actuator by utilizing Tagunov regularization, so that the high-frequency detail definition in imaging is improved, the correction accuracy, real-time performance and robustness are both considered, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And the application suitability of the laser imaging technology in the high-precision field is greatly expanded.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of lasers, and discloses a narrow linewidth frequency-stabilized laser device and its working method. The device includes a laser module, a frequency-stabilized optical path module, and a frequency-stabilized control module. The laser module is used to output a first continuous laser, a second continuous laser, and a third continuous laser based on fundamental frequency light. The first continuous laser, the second continuous laser, and the third continuous laser are homologous lasers with different wavelengths. The frequency-stabilized optical path module is used to perform modulation transfer frequency stabilization on the second continuous laser by using the modulation transfer spectroscopy method, and output a frequency-stabilized detection signal. The frequency-stabilized control module is used to extract an amplitude signal from the frequency-stabilized detection signal to obtain a frequency discrimination signal, and generate a feedback signal according to the frequency discrimination signal. Among them, the feedback signal is used to trigger the laser module to perform tuning control on the fundamental frequency light, so that the frequency discrimination signal is always controlled at zero. The present invention can simultaneously output three homologous continuous lasers with different wavelengths, and all three continuous lasers have the characteristics of narrow linewidth and frequency stability.

The invention provides an ultrathin diffraction prescription lens acceptance report output method and system, a storage medium and equipment applied to the field of lens manufacturing and quality acceptance, and the method comprises the steps: building a cross-wavelength and cross-field image quality evaluation model through defining a field-of-view sampling point set; and calculating or measuring a point spread function, a modulation transfer function, distortion and stray light and ghost image budget indexes, and feeding back measurement data such as manufacturing tolerance, residual layer difference and warping to an optimizer, thereby realizing closed-loop consistency of the whole process of'design-manufacturing-measurement-acceptance '. The system can output an acceptance report containing failure reason code mapping, threshold version information, an original data hash abstract and a digital signature, and provides support for gating decision and traceable auditing in the mass production process. According to the scheme, through the closed-loop mechanism, the consistency and traceable gating of all links of design, manufacturing, metering and acceptance are ensured.

A first optical port of vapour cell 1 receives a probe laser beam which leaves the cell via a second optical port. A first portion of the emerging probe beam is directed to optical modulator 3 which a

The present invention is applicable to the field of pilot training technology and provides a ground-based vision training device for pilots that takes environmental and physiological factors into account. The device uses a computer system to rapidly simulate human visual characteristics, including: establishing a light source and brightness detector; obtaining a two-dimensional distributed brightness matrix of the scene; obtaining ambient brightness information of the external scene as perceived by the human eye, which affects optical aberrations by affecting pupil diameter; establishing an optical model of the human eye and obtaining a modulation transfer function; simulating the observation effect of the external scene after passing through the model in the frequency domain, using a GPU for accelerated processing; using an eye tracker to determine the coordinates of the pilot's gaze point, simulating the blur and depth of field characteristics of the peripheral vision; and finally performing image fusion to obtain a simulated image of the external scene after passing through the human eye. The present invention can improve the effectiveness of flight training or the accuracy of new aircraft cockpit evaluations, and provide pilots with a more realistic and intuitive flight visual experience during ground training.

The invention discloses a laser frequency stabilization electric control system based on a modulation transfer spectrum, and the system is constructed based on a ZYNQ7030 heterogeneous SoC platform, and integrates laser modulation, signal collection, error extraction, feedback control and man-machine interaction functions. Comprising a sinusoidal modulation chain driven by a high-speed DAC and an electro-optical modulator which are used for realizing laser frequency modulation; the MTS signal acquisition link consists of a photoelectric detector, a low-noise amplifier and a high-speed analog-to-digital converter; feedback control is carried out on the frequency of the laser through the precise digital-to-analog converter and the current source circuit. Meanwhile, the system integrates an air cavity temperature control module, a multi-channel communication interface and a man-machine interaction module, and frequency stabilization and system management are achieved. According to the invention, high-precision and high-stability laser frequency locking based on the rubidium atom absorption spectrum can be realized without depending on an external frequency standard, and reliable frequency reference is provided for applications such as high-precision atom physical experiments, quantum sensing, spectral measurement and the like.

The invention discloses a laser based on diffraction homogenization and closed-loop frequency stabilization control, an atomic clock and an implementation method, and belongs to the technical field of quantum precision measurement and atomic clocks. The laser comprises a laser light source, a light path optimization module and a closed-loop frequency stabilization control module. The core of the optical path optimization module is that the optical path optimization module is integrated with a diffraction homogenizer which is arranged in a laser optical path and is used for converting Gaussian distribution light beams output by a laser light source into flat-topped distribution light beams with uniform light intensity, so that optical frequency shift generated when the light intensity is not uniform and acts on atoms is eliminated fundamentally. Meanwhile, in combination with a closed-loop frequency stabilization control module based on a modulation transfer spectrum technology, high-precision locking and feedback adjustment are carried out on the laser frequency. Through the synergistic effect of light beam homogenization and electronic frequency stabilization, the system frequency shift of rubidium / hydrogen / strontium / cesium atomic clocks is remarkably reduced, the frequency stability and long-term timing accuracy of the atomic clocks are improved, and the key problem that in the prior art, optical frequency shift restricts the performance of the atomic clocks is solved.

The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring an optical transfer function of a TDI optical imaging camera, and solves the problem that in the measurement of dynamic transfer function parameters of an existing optical imaging camera, a test condition close to a real on-orbit environment cannot be realized, so that the rapid and high-precision measurement of a dynamic modulation transfer function cannot be realized. The device comprises a sealing cavity formed by an experiment module and a base, a six-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism, an experiment module sealing mechanism, a first air floating platform, a second air floating platform, a collimator, an experiment module window, a focal plane mechanism and a control system, wherein the six-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism, the experiment module sealing mechanism, the first air floating platform, the second air floating platform, the collimator and the experiment module window are arranged in the sealing cavity; an on-orbit environment is simulated through the experiment module, an air floating translation platform in the focal plane mechanism drives a target to realize simulation of a dynamic target, dynamic optical transfer function measurement of the optical imaging camera in the on-orbit environment can be realized, the imaging performance of the TDI optical imaging camera in the on-orbit state can be accurately reflected, and system installation and detection can be accurately guided.

The application discloses an image sharpness evaluation method, comprising: obtaining an original image and an optical modulation transfer function; generating a multi-scale baseline sharpness response set, an information-physical sharpness kernel, an uncertainty measure and an evidence vector based on the original image and the optical modulation transfer function; estimating a failure posterior probability based on the evidence vector; generating a gating weight based on the failure posterior probability and the uncertainty measure; applying the failure posterior probability and the gating weight to perform a failure posterior coupling process on the multi-scale baseline sharpness response set and the information-physical sharpness kernel to generate a final sharpness evaluation result. The coupling process preferably includes applying an analytical bias correction and performing a cross-scale band selection. The application improves the evaluation robustness in a complex scene through a failure posterior coupling mechanism.

The application discloses a compact athermal high-definition wide-angle optical system, which comprises, in sequence from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens with negative focal power, the object side of which is a convex surface and the image side of which is a concave surface; a second lens with positive focal power, the object side of which is a concave surface and the image side of which is a convex surface; a third lens with positive focal power, the object side of which is a convex surface and the image side of which is a convex surface; a fourth lens with positive focal power, the object side of which is a convex surface and the image side of which is a convex surface; a fifth lens with negative focal power, the object side of which is a concave surface and the image side of which is a convex surface; and an infrared filter, which is located between the fifth lens and an imaging surface; the third lens is a glass spherical lens, the first lens, the second lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens are plastic aspherical lenses, and a diaphragm is arranged between the second lens and the third lens. The full field modulation transfer function (MTF) is greater than 50% at 100 lp / mm, the maximum field of view is 140°<FOV<156°, the total optical length (TTL) is less than 15.1 mm, and the working waveband is 400-700 nm.

This application discloses an under-display fingerprint acquisition device and its adjustment method, as well as an electronic device. The under-display fingerprint acquisition device is installed in an electronic device with a screen and includes an image sensor and a lens assembly consisting of a lens box and a lens group. The adjustment method includes: calculating the theoretical optimal parameters based on the equivalent optical model of the under-display fingerprint acquisition device; obtaining multiple intermediate parameters by traversing around the theoretical optimal parameters according to a selected step size, and adjusting the under-display fingerprint acquisition device with the intermediate parameters to acquire stripe cards to obtain multiple test images; calculating the number of pixels per inch and the modulation transfer function of the test images to evaluate the acquisition quality of each test image, and the intermediate parameters corresponding to the test images whose acquisition quality is within a selected range are the actual optimal parameters.