6445results about How to "Improve measurement efficiency" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for measuring circular tunnel convergence deformation. The method includes the steps of S1, by a three-dimensional laser scanner, acquiring the working base point coordinates and tunnel point cloud of each observation station; S2, using working base points as splicing datum points to merge the tunnel point cloud into a unified reference coordinate system, and segmenting into point cloud of a multi-ring pipe joint according to the pipe joint; S3, fitting the point cloud of a single-ring pipe joint into a cylindrical face according to an improved cylindrical face fitting algorithm, extracting pipe joint axis point coordinates, projecting the cylindrical face to a plane along the axis direction of the pipe joint to obtain a two-dimensional tunnel point cloud contour line, and fitting into an ellipse according to an ellipse fitting algorithm; S4, expanding the ellipse into a three-dimensional elliptic cylindrical surface along the axis so as to obtain the three-dimensional convergence deformation of a whole tunnel. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the longitudinal axis and convergence deformation of the tunnel under construction and the tunnel under operation can be acquired, monitoring point laying is not needed, high measuring efficiency is achieved, and comprehensive monitoring data is provided to tunnel construction and operation.

The invention discloses a physical coordinate positioning method based on binocular vision. The physical coordinate positioning method comprises the following steps: S1) setting a left camera and a right camera, establishing a coordinate system of a camera model, and obtaining a conversion relationship between the coordinate system of the camera model and a world coordinate system; S2) extracting a feature point, and obtaining a pixel coordinate of the feature point in a left image and a right image; and S3) calculating a space coordinate of the feature point in the world coordinate system. The left camera and the right camera are used for simulating two eyes, the coordinate system conversion model is established, then, each image shot by the two cameras is subjected to feature point extraction and pixel coordinate calculation, the pixel coordinate is converted into a theoretical coordinate of the camera model, and finally, the space coordinate of a target point is calculated. Measurement accuracy and efficiency is improved, and binocular coordinate positioning can have a better application prospect in the fields including an eye-in-hand system of an industrial robot, industrial cutting, logistics transportation business, packaging business, optical detection and processing and the like.

A method and its system of monitoring performance of internal is first to determine the emitting point of a test packet and place send/receive devices of the test packet at the point to determine a batch of reflecting points of test packet according to the monitored network sphere, performance parameters and prepare conditions for three reflecting points. The test packet send/receive device send test packets with different measurement forms to the reflection points at the emitting point by selecting a strategy of different opportunities. There reflecting points have the characters of reflecting different measurement packets autoamtically and the tested information reflected is sent back to the emitting points. Which extract and related test parameters to be stored after coherent process.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional speckle strain measurement method, comprising: (1) speckle preparation; (2) camera calibration; (3) state information acquisition; (4) computational domaindesignation; (5) initial point setting; (6) speckle matching; (7) three-dimensional reconstruction; and (8) strain computation. By the above operation steps, the invention provides a three-dimensionalspeckle strain measurement method, which can effectively obtain high preciseness measurement results in measurements of material characteristic parameters such as full-field vibration measurement, dynamic strain measurement, high speed deformation measurement, fracture mechanics, impact excitation and dynamic material experiments. The invention has the characteristics of convenient measurement operation, high automation degree, exact and reliable results, high efficiency and non-contact measurement.

The invention discloses a five-axis linkage machine tool rotation shaft geometric error continuous measurement method. The method comprises the steps that a laser displacement sensor is arranged on a spindle of a five-axis linkage machine tool; three non-collinear calibration balls are arranged on the work bench, and the homogeneous coordinate expression of each calibration ball is set; a swing axis A and a rotary axis C are used as calibration axes; the laser displacement sensor is used to measure the position deviation of the center of each calibration ball in X , Y and Z directions when the swing axis A and the rotary axis C in different corners; and according to the position deviation of the center of each calibration ball and the homogeneous coordinate expression of each calibration ball, geometric errors of the swing axis A and the rotary axis C are calculated. According to the invention, an oblique surface is used to establish the mapping relationship among the position deviation of a rigid body to be measured in X, Y and Z directions; translation in X, Y and Z dimensions is mapped to distance change in a single dimension; one-time chucking and continuous sampling are realized at the same time; and the method has the advantages of high measurement efficiency and high precision.

The invention discloses a road foundation layered vertical settlement and transversal displacement automatic monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof in the technical field of optical measurement. The invention adopts a technical proposal that the automatic monitoring device comprises a measuring and positioning unit, a laser displacement sensing unit, a laser angle sensing unit, a measuring signal control unit, a measuring data transmission unit, a central processing unit and a power module; and the automatic monitoring method comprises: firstly, assembling various devices; secondly, starting a pulling device, stopping the device when a positioning sensor arrives at a position of a magnetic ring, measuring displacement data and angle data, and transmitting the data to the central processing unit for storage; thirdly, restarting the pulling device, and repeatedly measuring and saving the data until a measuring tube contacts a limit switch; and processing all the data of the central processing unit, and obtaining road foundation vertical settlement and transversal displacement parameters. The automatic monitoring device and the automatic monitoring method apply laser measurement technology, improve the measurement precision and the measurement depth, and simultaneously realize remote automatic monitoring.

The invention discloses a vision extensometer implementation method based on digital speckles. The method includes the first step of speckle and mark making, the second step of binocular camera calibration, the third step of speckle image acquisition, the fourth step of image subarea specifying, the fifth step of image correlation matching, the sixth step of three-dimensional coordinate reconstruction and the seventh step of deformation calculation. Through the operating steps, the vision extensometer implementation method based on the digital speckles can be used for accurately measuring the deformation of materials in the tensile experiment process and has the advantages of being convenient to operate, capable of achieving non-contact measurement, accurate and reliable in measuring result and the like.

The invention relates to automatic control technologies and particularly relates to a scattered material measurement technology and a material piling and taking control technology in a circular material field to improve measurement efficiency of the scattered materials and furthermore realize material piling and taking control according to measurement results. A scattered material measurement system in the circular material field comprises a drive device, a two-dimension scanner, a data processor and a measurement controller, wherein the drive device operates along a circular track built in the upper portion space of the circular material field, and the two-dimension scanner is arranged below the drive device in a lifting mode. Material piling and taking control further comprises a central control room server and the like. The scattered material measurement technology and the material piling and taking control technology in the circular material field can realize whole-course automatic control, scan the circular material field by utilizing a two-dimension laser scanner which is loaded by a circular dome track trolley, and conducts gang control with a material piling and taking machine, and therefore avoids the defects that when the measurement device is arranged on the material piling and taking machine, measurement can be conducted only after the material piling and taking machine stops working, and measure efficiency is improved.

The invention belongs to the field of optical precision measurement and relates to a method and a device for measuring the appearance and the wall thickness of a sphere by combining a differential confocal confocal technology and point-diffraction interference. The method realizes the high-precision rapid measurement on the appearance of the outer surface of the sphere by using the point-diffraction interference, the rotation of the measured sphere and the splice of a measuring sub-aperture; and the appearance and wall thickness of the inner surface and the outer surface of a key area of a transparent or semitransparent sphere can be scanned and measured point by point by using the differentia confocal technology. The invention organically integrates a point-diffraction interference technology and the differentia confocal technology so as to realize the synchronous measurement on the appearance and the wall thickness of the inner surface and the outer surface of the sphere, and aims to solve the difficult problems that the traditional AFM or a single confocal sensor and the other scanning methods have low measuring speed, low efficiency, easy leakage in measurement and the like during measuring the surface of the sphere. The invention has broad application prospect in the fields of testing the appearance and the wall thickness of a laser fusion pellet, the appearance and the outline of a spherical surface and the like.

The invention provides a splicing measuring method and system based on a three-dimensional target. The splicing measuring method comprises the following steps: (a) arranging two cameras in positions where a measured object can be observed, calibrating the parameters of the two cameras and setting a global coordinate system; (b) determining the coordinate value of a mark point on a three-dimensional target fixed on a vision sensor in a vision sensor coordinate system; (c) moving the vision sensor to the position where an area to be measured of the measured object can be measured, and carrying out three-dimensional measurement on the area to be measured of the measured object by using the vision sensor to obtain the three-dimensional data of the area to be measured of the measured object inthe vision sensor coordinate system; (d) determining the transformation relation between the vision sensor coordinate system in the current position and the global coordinate system; (e) transformingthe three-dimensional data obtained in the step (c) to the global coordinate system by using the transformation relation determined in the step (d); and (f) repeating the steps (c), (d) and (e) to complete the splicing of the three-dimensional measurement data of the measured object in the global coordinate system.

The invention discloses a collimation measurement system for attitudes and angles among spacecraft devices based on the combination between a robot and a theodolite. The system herein includes a robot, a laser tracker, a laser tracking target (T-MAC), a robot terminal tool, and the like. The system searches a to-be-tested datum cube mirror which is disposed on a spacecraft device by conducting mode identification, and computes the relations of phase position and direction of the datum cube mirror with respect to the theodolite. The laser tracker is intended for calibrating the relative direction relation in a coordinate system of respective spacecraft devices and integrating the measurement results of the theodolite at different measurement positions to the same coordinate system. Based onthe calibration relation and the relative relation, the laser tracker is guided to real-timely track the robot terminal tool and establish the relative relation between the laser track and the robotterminal tool. And eventually, the attitude relation matrix of the spacecraft is computed. According to the invention, the automatic measurement of the attitude relation among different devices is realized, the measurement efficiency can reach one time per half-minute, the measurement precision can be higher than 30'', on-site measurement flexibility is higher, and construction and measurement indifferent places can be much easier.

The invention provides a gap magnetic adsorption type curved surface morphology detection robot and a curved surface morphology measuring method, belonging to the mobile robot and machine vision measuring technology field. The robot comprises two driving wheels, a universal wheel, three motors, a straight line laser, a motor-drive circuit, a controller, a camera, an angle sensor, a permanent magnet body and like. By utilizing gap permanent magnetism adsorption principle and a curved surface adaptive scheme of arranging magnetic patch at the surrounding of the wheels symmetrically in a concentration way, that the robot is adsorbed on a magnetic conductive curved surface with different curvature and can move flexibly is realized. A plurality of straight line laser beams which are rotated to different angles are projected to a surface to be measured. The camera is used to shoot sequence image of the surface to be measured with laser stripes. Combined with distance detected by a laser range finder, three dimensional morphology of the surface is detected. Through a wireless video transmission module, video is transmitted to a host computer to display. The robot provided in the invention has the advantages of compact structure, flexible movement, and large adaptation curvature scope, and especially is suitable for all position three dimensional morphology detection of magnetic conductive curved surface workpiece in a narrow space.

The invention relates to an attitude testing apparatus and method based on an autocollimator. The apparatus mainly comprises the autocollimator, an optical hexahedron, a double-shaft electronic level meter and a pedestal with a leveling function. The method comprises the following steps: putting the attitude testing apparatus on a firm base, allowing the autocollimator to collimate a reflecting surface of an object, then collimating the optical hexahedron with an autocollimation gyro theodolite and measuring the included angle between the apparatus and a true north azimuth reference; starting the autocollimator for recording and retrieving of continuous data of the attitude of the reflecting surface of the object and starting the double-shaft electronic level meter for recording and retrieving of continuous data of horizontal attitude; and after completion of recording and retrieving of the data, processing the data of the autocollimator and the double-shaft electronic level meter by using a data processing method for the attitude testing apparatus so as to eventually obtain continuous changes of the attitude of the reflecting surface of the object in a geographic coordinate system, thereby meeting demands of continuous absolute measurement.

The invention discloses a multiwave beam-based depth-sounding joint inversion method for a sound velocity profile and a submarine topography. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) transmitting multiwave beams to the seafloor of a sounded sea area through a transmitting transducer array of a multiwave-beam depth sounding system, and receiving echo signals through a receiving transducer array of the multiwave-beam depth sounding system; (2) obtaining the arrival angle and the arrival time of echoes according to the received echo signals by using the multiwave-beam depth sounding system; (3) establishing a state space model formed by using a state equation and a sounding equation; (4) obtaining inversion values of the sound velocity gradient and the seafloor depth of the sounded sea area by using a sequential filter method according to the established state space model and the arrival angle and the arrival time of received echoes, and obtaining an estimate of the sound velocity profile of the sounded sea area by using the inversion value of the sound velocity gradient; and further, calculating the water temperature profile of the sounded sea area by using the estimate of the sound velocity profile. According to the multiwave beam-based depth-sounding joint inversion method for the sound velocity profile and the submarine topography, disclosed by the invention, the estimates of the sound velocity profile and the depth of the seafloor can be obtained quickly and accurately.

The invention relates to a method for measuring welding residual stress-a partial layer-by-layer blind hole removing method for measuring the residual stress on the basis of a blind hole method, which proposes to measure the residual stress in a component by using the partial layer-by-layer blind hole removing method. After materials of certain depth on both the front side and the opposite side of a component to be measured are partially removed, the blind hole method is used for measuring the residual stress. The method is a semi-destructive residual stress measuring method, can be used for carrying out multi-point measurement and measuring the residual stress in the component with severe stress change and has convenient operation and high measuring efficiency. Proved by a thick plate carbon steel welding residual stress measuring test, the method has more accurate measuring results.

The invention discloses a quick morphology vision measuring method in a multi-laser synergic scanning mode, belongs to the technical field of computer vision measurement and relates to a quick big component morphology measuring method in the multi-laser synergic scanning mode. The method comprises the steps that firstly, colorful light bars are projected to the surface of an object to be measured, and then color area coding within a measurement range is conducted; secondly, multiple lasers are projected to the surface of a component to be measured, the multiple lasers are scanned simultaneously by controlling a rotating platform, laser stripes are subjected to image extraction and matching according to the binocular vision measurement theory, and then quick measurement of morphology is achieved finally. By the adoption of the quick morphology vision measuring method in the multi-laser synergic scanning mode, quick and accurate big component morphology measurement without any processing on a target object is achieved, and the image acquisition quality is improved through high brightness and high condensation of the lasers; besides, color area coding is used for assisting in accurate matching of the multiple laser stripes, so that the matching requirement and the calculated amount are greatly lowered, and the measurement efficiency of the whole system is improved.

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring soil body displacement. The device comprises a sedimentation pipe or an inclinometer pipe, a magnet ring locating sensor and a data acquisition device. The sedimentation pipe or the inclinometer pipe is embedded in the soil body. The magnet ring locating sensor is parallelly arranged inside the sedimentation pipe or the inclinometer pipe and covers displacement changing range of a magnet ring in the whole journey, serves as a measuring basis, is constant in fixed position and comprises a plurality of magnetic sensitive elements, a strip-shaped support piece and a detection circuit. The device and the method can achieve automatic intelligent measurement of soil body displacement, are suitable for measurement of relative displacement of the soil body in one direction, and have the advantages of being simple in use and good in measuring reliability.

The invention discloses an automatic measuring method for digitalized airplane assembly. The method includes the steps of determining the transforming relationship between all coordinate systems and an assembly coordinate system through measurement preparatory work, transforming theoretical coordinate values of all detection points under the airplane coordinate system to the assembly coordinate system to obtain theoretical coordinate values of all the detection points under the assembly coordinate system, and conducting automatic searching with the theoretical coordinate values of the detection points under the assembly coordinate system as initial light pointing points of a laser scanner to obtain actual coordinate values of all the detection points under the assembly coordinate system. Through the automatic measuring method, digitalized measurement of airplane components is achieved, the problems that the size of airplane space is large, the detection points to be measured are wide in distribution area, manual light guiding at a part of detection points is difficult, and the detection points need to be measured repeatedly in the assembly process are solved, one-off manual installation of a reflector is achieved, multiple automated measurement is achieved, manpower is saved, the measurement time is shortened, and the measurement efficiency and the assembly efficiency are greatly improved.

Wherein, with embed-meter method, applying split-core current transformer (PT) and split-core current transformer (CT) with same wire number as the tower ground wire to clamp all tower ground wires; or applying strip-shape PT and CT to enclose whole tower; filtering and analyzing the measured data to obtain the real and imaginary parts of fundamental wave component of voltage and current signals; calculating with special voltage-drop algorithm to obtain the target resistance. This invention improves efficiency, and reduces cost.

The invention discloses a system for measuring an inner diameter of a tubular workpiece. The system comprises a crawling transportation positioning sub-system, a data acquisition and control sub-system and a data processing sub-system, wherein when the inner diameter of a measured tubular workpiece is required to be measured, the crawling transportation positioning sub-system crawls in a pipeline of the measured tubular workpiece under the control of the data acquisition and control sub-system, and acquires measurement data of a pipeline section corresponding to a position to be measured when crawling to every position to be measured; the data acquisition and control sub-system acquires the measurement data which is acquired by the crawling transportation positioning sub-system and sends the measurement data to the data processing sub-system; and the data processing sub-system generates a required measurement result according to the received measurement data. By the adoption of the system for measuring the inner diameter of the tubular workpiece, the accuracy of a measurement result is improved, and the measurement efficiency can be improved.