9177results about How to "Improve power generation efficiency" patented technology

A solar cell assembly including a plurality of solar cells is formed on a common substrate, and a DC/DC converter which converts the output from the solar cell is connected to each solar cell to constitute a solar power generation apparatus. The output from the solar power generation apparatus is converted into an AC power by an inverter and supplied to a load or commercial AC power system. Since the arrangement is simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the influence of partial shade or a variation in characteristic decreases.

A surface electrode (5) is installed on the light receiving surface of a solar cell element, the surface electrode (5) comprises three bus bar electrodes (5a) for extracting light-produced at the solar cell element to the outside and collecting finger electrodes (5b) connected to these bus bar electrodes (5a), and the bus bar electrodes (5a) are not less than 0.5 mm and not more than 2 mm in width and the finger electrodes (5b) are not less than 0.05 mm and not more than 0.1 mm in width. A high-efficient solar cell module can be obtained with substantially lowered resistance by increasing the number of bus bar electrode (5a) and thereby decreasing the lengths of the finger electrodes (5b).

The invention discloses a weather-resistant and high thermal conductive coating, a radiating solar rear panel and an efficient solar cell panel. The weather-resistant and high thermal conductive coating consists of 10 to 50 parts of weather-resistant resin, 5 to 30 parts of curing agent, 0.1 to 5 parts of organic filler, 30 to 80 parts of inorganic filler, and 30 to 100 parts of solvent. The radiating solar rear panel comprises a base layer, and the weather-resistant and high thermal conductive coating is arranged on at least one surface of the base layer or arranged between the base layers. The efficient solar cell panel comprises a solar front panel and the radiating solar rear panel, a solar cell circuit is arranged between the solar front panel and the radiating solar rear panel, and an encapsulation material is arranged on one side or two sides of the solar cell circuit. The weather-resistant and high thermal conductive coating can be directly coated on a base material and has high binding power and an excellent thermal conductive effect, and the weather resistance of the coating meets the requirement of a solar module for the service life of over 25 years.

Provided are a glass sheet for a CIGS solar cell which satisfies both of high power generation efficiency and high glass transition temperature, and a CIGS solar cell having high power generation efficiency. A glass sheet for a Cu—In—Ga—Se solar cell containing, in terms of mol % on the basis of the following oxides, 60 to 75% of SiO₂, 3 to 10% of Al₂O₃, 0 to 3% of B₂O₃, 5 to 18% of MgO, 0 to 5% of CaO, 4 to 18.5% of Na₂O, 0 to 17% of K₂O, and 0% or more and less than 10% of SrO+BaO+ZrO₂, wherein K₂O/(Na₂O+K₂O) is 0 to 0.5, and the glass sheet has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of more than 550° C.

A thin-film magnetic head for a heat-assisted magnetic recording which can perform a reliable writing immediately only on a desired track by applying a near-field light to a desired position and range is provided. The head comprises: an electromagnetic coil element for writing data signals, having a pole end reaching a head end surface; and a near-field-light-generating portion for heating a portion of a magnetic recording medium during write operation by generating a near-field light, having a generation end reaching the head end surface and provided adjacent to the pole end and in the leading side of the pole end, and a shape of the generation end on the head end surface being a trapezoid with a shorter edge on the trailing side, or being a triangle with an apex on the trailing side and with a bottom on the leading side.

The invention provides a wind and light complementing distributed micro-grid system for comprehensively utilizing commercial power. The system comprises a distributed wind-light energy micro-system, a user load, a bidirectional power meter, an alternating-current bus, a high/low-voltage transformer, a power grid, a superior scheduling management system, a micrometeorological interaction device, a clock interaction device and a switch, wherein the distributed wind-light energy micro-system and the user load are connected to the alternating-current bus through the bidirectional power meter, and access the conventional power grid through the high/low-voltage transformer; the switch refers to an isolating switch and a circuit breaker; and the superior scheduling management system is used for detecting the state of the wind-light energy micro-system, deciding the power generation/power supply state of the wind-light energy micro-system according to the states of the micrometeorological micro-prediction interaction device, the clock interaction device, an energy storage device and the user load, and deciding the interaction state of the wind-light energy micro-system and the power grid. According to the system, power can be independently supplied to the user load, grid-connected power generation with the power grid can be performed according to the processing result of urban micrometeorological interaction information, time-of-use power price is supported simultaneously, the power supply demand of a user is met, the cost is lowered, the power generation benefit is increased, the power utilization cost is lowered, and the reliability of the power grid is enhanced.

Disclosed is an apparatus for generating electrical energy that includes; a first electrode, and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and an energy generation layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the energy generation layer comprises a photoelectric conversion layer and a plurality of piezoelectric nanowires, and wherein when an external force is applied to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, the plurality of piezoelectric nanowires are transformed to generate electrical energy.

The present invention provides a method for improving iPS cell generation efficiency, which comprises a step of introducing a Myc variant having the following features: (1) having an activity to improve iPS cell generation efficiency which is comparative to, or greater than that of c-Myc; and (2) having a transformation activity which is lower than that of c-Myc; or a nucleic acid encoding the variant, in a nuclear reprogramming step. Also, the present invention provides a method for preparing iPS cells, which comprises a step of introducing the above Myc variant or a nucleic acid encoding the variant and a combination of nuclear reprogramming factors into somatic cells. Moreover, the present invention provides iPS cells comprising the nucleic acid encoding the Myc variant which can be obtained by the above method, and a method for preparing somatic cells which comprises inducing differentiation of the iPS cells.

The invention discloses a cascade reservoir combined flood scheduling optimization method coupled with flood control and power generation, which can coordinate flood control and power generation goals in flood scheduling, and adopt corresponding models for different standard floods, timely power generation pre-discharging and closing gates and staggered peaks, reducing flood seasons It is useless to abandon water to maximize the benefits of cascade reservoir flood control and power generation. The technical solution is: judge the level of the flood according to the real-time hydrometeorological information and flood forecast results. When the average inflow flow during the flood period is greater than the full flow of the power station, it will be judged as a major flood, otherwise it will be judged as a small flood; according to the different levels Different models are used to optimize the scheduling of different control objectives; under each different flow, constraint settings and control objectives, a number of different flood control schemes are obtained, which constitute a set of flood control schemes corresponding to a flood, as the basis for decision-making, if In the flood control scheme set, it is necessary to modify the inflow flow, so the simulated flood control calculation under various inflow conditions is repeated.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic array fault diagnosis and early warning method comprising the following steps: combining an Elman nerve network optimized by a non-linear least square method and a decision tree with experience knowledge so as to form a fault diagnosis model; collecting present photovoltaic array operation data and meteorology data, and computing errors when compared with historical normal state data; using the fault diagnosis model to obtain the corresponding fault type and credibility when the error is bigger than a threshold; finally integrally evaluating so as to obtain the final fault type credibility, and selectively carrying out fault early warning according to the credibility values; updating a fault knowledge base according to the field actual measurement conditions. The method combines the LM-Elman nerve network and the decision tree with experience knowledge so as to built the fault diagnosis model, thus improving the history data sensitivity, providing better prediction effect when compared with a BP network, and improving the network convergence speed and training precision; the experience knowledge is supplemented, thus providing stronger robustness; the method can timely detect and diagnose, thus reducing fault incidence rate, and ensuring the photovoltaic power station to stably work.

A system and method are described for powering an aircraft using radio frequency (“RF”) signals. For example, a method according to one embodiment of the invention comprises: positioning an antenna array beneath or on the road surface of a roadway, the antenna array configured to transmit RF signals responsive to RF processing logic and/or circuitry; coupling a rectenna array to an aircraft, the rectenna array configured to receive the RF signals transmitted from the antenna array and to generate power from the RF signals; providing feedback signals from the aircraft to the RF processing logic and/or circuitry, the feedback signals including channel state information (CSI) defining a current state of the channels between the antenna array and the rectenna array, the RF processing logic and/or circuitry using the channel state information to adjust the RF signal transmissions from the antenna array to improve the efficiency of the power generated by the rectenna array; and using the power generated by the rectenna array to power the aircraft.

An ozone generating system and an ozone generating method producing ozone at a high concentration and operating at high efficiency, in which a raw material gas with no nitrogen added and mainly containing oxygen is used. The amount of generation of NO_X by-product is null. A raw material gas not containing nitrogen and mainly containing oxygen is supplied to an ozone generator, an AC voltage is applied to produce discharge light having wavelength of 428 nm to 620 nm, a catalytic material containing a photocatalytic material with a band gap energy of 2.0 eV to 2.9 eV is provided on an electrode or a dielectric in a discharge region, gas pressure is kept at 0.1 MPa to 0.4 MPa, and ozone is generated.

The invention provides a fault early warning method of a wind generating set. The fault early warning method comprises the following steps of: 10) collecting the actual temperature value R and temperature related parameter data of a monitored point for N times in a sampling period; 20) inputting the collected actual temperature value R and the temperature related parameter data of the monitored point into a predetermined temperature mould, computing to obtain a temperature predicted value of the monitored point and taking the temperature predicted value as the theoretical temperature value P of the monitored point; 30) obtaining a temperature deviation DEV, a temperature mean-square deviation MSE and related coefficients SCC of the theoretical temperature value P and the actual temperature value; and 40) estimating the health condition of the wind generating set on the basis of the temperature deviation DEV, the temperature mean-square deviation MSE and related coefficients SCC. By means of the fault early warning method, the accuracy of estimating the health condition of the wind generating set can be improved.

A vehicle control apparatus performs regenerative braking by regeneratively operating first and second motor-generators to apply first and second braking torques in response to a deceleration request. The vehicle control apparatus is improves the efficiency in regeneratively generating electric power without greatly disturbing the balance between the. The control apparatus calculates an ideal front-rear wheel distribution ratio for front wheel braking torque and the rear wheel braking torque, and also calculates a distribution allowance for the ideal front-rear wheel distribution ratio. The control apparatus then corrects the ideal front-rear wheel distribution ratio within the distribution allowance such that the electric power generation efficiencies of the first motor-generator connected to the rear wheels and the second motor-generator connected to the front wheels are increased. Based on the corrected front-rear wheel distribution ratio, the control apparatus calculates the torque command values to be sent to the motor-generators.

The invention relates to a direct-current micro-grid system and a control method thereof. The direct-current micro-grid system comprises a direct-current power distribution circuit, a bi-directional AC/DC (alternating current/direct current) rectifying/inverting device, a distributed energy generating device, an energy storing device, direct-current loads, alternating-current loads, a urban microclimate interactive system, a clock interactive system, a micro-grid control system and micro-grid protecting devices, an upper scheduling management system is arranged in the micro-grid control system so as to form layered management for micro-grid energy. The direct-current micro-grid control method includes: entering a grid connection mode or an island model according to working state of a large power grid, and determining the working states of the energy storing device and the distributed energy generating device according to information of the urban microclimate interactive system and the clock interactive system. The direct-current micro-grid system can independently supply power to the alternating-current and the direct-current loads and can be connected with a power grid to generate power according to processed result of urban microclimate interactive information, so that requirements on power supply for users are met, cost is reduced, designing, controlling, operation and maintenance of a micro-grid are benefited, and reliability, economy and efficiency of the micro-grid are effectively improved.

A membrane electrode assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane interposed between the anode and the cathode. The membrane electrode assembly has a substantially rectangular shape as a whole. Extensions extend outwardly from four corners of the membrane electrode assembly. Each of the extensions has an inclined end to have a substantially triangle shape. The membrane electrode assembly has a substantially rectangular power generation area.

A polymer electrolyte fuel cell consists of plural units, and the unit has an anode side separator, an anode diffusion layer, an anode catalytic layer, polymer electrolyte membrane, a cathode catalytic layer, a cathode diffusion layer, and a cathode side separator. The cathode catalytic layer further includes a catalyst in which platinum or platinum alloy is supported on a carbon supporting body having an average lattice space d002 of [002] surface of 0.338 to 0.355 nm and specific surface area of the supporting body of 80 to 250 m²/g, electrolyte containing ion exchange resin, and vapor grown carbon fiber. Furthermore, a water holding layer containing ion exchange resin, carbon particles, and vapor grown carbon fiber is arranged at an interface of the cathode diffusion layer and the cathode catalytic layer.

A solar-fossil-fuel hybrid power plant is controlled using thermal energy processing component thermal inertia characteristic data and atmospheric condition prediction information to adjust plant operations at a point in time that enables the plant to operate within a predetermined requirement when the plant experiences the predicted atmospheric condition.

The invention discloses a bistable composite cantilever beam piezoelectric power generating device. The bistable composite cantilever beam piezoelectric power generating device comprises a casing, wherein a cylindrical clamp is fixed at the center in the casing; eight bistable piezoelectric cantilever oscillator structures are uniformly distributed on the clamp and are of an annular array; each bistable piezoelectric cantilever oscillator structure comprises a twin crystal bistable piezoelectric cantilever beam fixed on the clamp, a first piezoelectric layer, a second piezoelectric layer, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, wherein the first pieoelectric layer and the second pieoeelctric layer are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the twin crystal bistable piezoelectric cantilever beam; the first permanent magnet is arranged at a free end of the twin crystal bistable piezoelectric cantilever beam; the second permanent magnet is arranged opposite to the first permanent magnet on the inner wall of the casing on the same side of the beam; electrodes are respectively arranged on the upper surfaces and the lower surfaces of the first piezoelectric layer and the second piezoelectric layer; eight bistable piezoelectric cantilever oscillator structures are arranged in two-to-two symmetrical way; and parameters of two mutually-symmetrical bistable piezoelectric cantilever oscillator structures are consistent. The work frequency domain width, the power generation efficiency and the power generation amount in unit time of the bistable composite cantilever beam piezoelectric power generating device are remarkably improved compared with a single piezoelectric cantilever beam structure and an array linear voltage cantilever beam structure.

To provide a fuel cell system that can both improve power generation efficiency of a fuel cell and maintain durability of the fuel cell. A fuel cell system performs control such that when a power requirement for the fuel cell is lower than a predetermined value, a supply of a reaction gas to a fuel cell is stopped to keep an output voltage from the fuel cell equal to a high-potential avoidance voltage that is lower than an open end voltage. The fuel cell system further controls the output voltage from the fuel cell with the high-potential avoidance voltage set to be an upper limit when the power requirement for the fuel cell is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. By setting the upper limit of the output voltage of the fuel cell to be the high-potential avoidance voltage, which is lower than the open end voltage, the catalyst can be inhibited from being degraded by an increase in the output voltage from the fuel cell up to the open end voltage.

The invention relates to a method and a device for oxidizing and treating sewage or sludge containing organic substances by supercritical water. The method adopts a combustion reaction furnace, and is characterized in that substance flow of the sewage or the sludge containing the organic substances and oxidant (such as oxygen or hydrogen peroxide and the like) are preheated by a heat exchange device respectively and then enter the combustion reaction furnace, the sewage or the sludge containing the organic substances is oxidized and treated under a supercritical state, the treated substance flow is cooled by the heat exchange device again, then residual gas in the substance flow is separated by adopting a gas-liquid separator, and the lower part of the combustion reaction furnace discharges salt slag through a slag discharging hole and a valve. The method has the advantages of reasonable and practical process, energy conservation and low operation cost.

The self adjusting ocean current generating device with simple structure, less jamming from the typhoon, reliable and safe in running, it comprises a base whose top fastens a brace control system and who has sleeves that equipped with vane generator units, the said brace control system including several primary transducers and sequentially connecting with a primary generators, pulleys, cables and braces. The said generator units comprise vane brace that passes through the generator platform and controls the motor, vane shaft, vane, gear box and generator, and the said vane brace has several secondary transducers and the brace of the generator platform in the brace control system connects with the generator platform of the said vane generator units. Utilizing the ocean current, the invention can make the vanes driving generators and self adjust the angle and depth of the vane based on the volume and direction of the ocean current, so as to generate the biggest current.

The invention discloses a combined power circulating method capable of catching carbon dioxide (CO2) by using LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy and a system thereof. The system comprises an air separation device, an oxygen-enriched-combustion gas turbine circulation device, a high-pressure steam power circulation device, a CO2 separation and liquefaction device and an LNG cold energy power circulation device, wherein the air separation device, the oxygen-enriched-combustion gas turbine circulation device, the high-pressure steam power circulation device, the CO2 separation and liquefaction device and the LNG cold energy power circulation device utilize the LNG cold energy. According to the method and the system, electricity and high-temperature fume which is rich in CO2 and water are generated from LNG through the oxygen-enriched-combustion gas turbine circulation device, and heat is recovered from the fume through the high-pressure steam power circulation device, so as to produce high-temperature and high-pressure steam with the pressure over 18MPa and increase the power generation efficiency of natural gas; moreover, the LNG cold energy is sequentially applied to the air separation device, the LNG cold energy power circulation device and the CO2 separation and liquefaction device, and the energy consumption for CO2 catching is lowered by making full use of the LNG cold energy, so that combined power cycle has relatively high power generation efficiency and relatively high CO2 catching rate, and the efficient utilization of the LNG cold energy is realized.