The invention provides an automatic early warning fire extinguishing method for preventing a vehicle from spontaneously combusting. The inside of an engine case is provided with a central processing unit, a temperature sensor, a gas sensitive sensor, a laser probe, a photoelectric smoke sensor, a direct current over-current protector, a power relay, an oil circuit switch and a fire extinguisher. The central processing unit is connected with the temperature sensor, the gas sensitive sensor, the laser probe, the photoelectric smoke sensor, the direct current over-current protector, the power relay, the oil circuit switch and the fire extinguisher through a data wire to form a detection early warning fire extinguishing system; the outside of an oil supply pipeline which is connected with an engine is covered with a transparent plastic pipe; an oil absorption discoloration flame retardant material is filled between the oil supply pipeline and the transparent plastic pie to form an oil supply pipeline protection structure; and a brake oil tank and an engine oil tank which are arranged at the periphery of the engine are isolated through a flame retardant plate. The automatic early warning fire extinguishing method has the advantages that: the design is scientific and rational; the method gives priority to preventing the pipeline from oil leakage and short circuit, and is supplemented by the passive fire extinguishing; and even though the spontaneous combustion is caused by the fire of the circuit after the oil leaks, the central processing unit can cut off the power relay and the oil circuit switch as soon as possible, so the loss of the spontaneous combustion is minimized.