The invention provides a postgreSQL database mass data management method and system. The method is implemented based on a Linux platform and includes the steps that mass storage management configuration initialization is performed, and system timing scheduling is started; stale data partitions beyond a reserved time quantum are deleted, and then partition data, within a reserved time quantum and beyond an actual storage cycle, in non-stale data partitions is cleared away; storage space checking is performed, whether a storage space supports pre-expansion or not is judged, if yes, partition pre-expansion operation and index establishment are performed, and otherwise, an adaptive simplification mechanism is triggered. According to the postgreSQL database mass data management method and system, the validity, availability and expandability of data are guaranteed, a numerical basis is provided for data expansion, the maintenance efficiency of database administrators is effectively improved, the database management and maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the postgreSQL database mass data management method and system have significant market value.