553results about How to "Eliminate loss" patented technology

A hybrid-vehicle power train connected to an engine comprises a motor, a CVT unit, a planetary gear unit having at least two input elements, namely, first and second input elements and an output element, a first clutch for engaging / disengaging the first input element with / from a final shaft of the power train, and a second clutch for engaging / disengaging the output element with / from the final shaft of the power train. An input shaft of the CVT unit is connected to the engine and is drivingly connected to the second input element. An output shaft of the CVT unit is connected to the first input element. The motor is connected to the output shaft of the CVT unit. According this configuration, motor torque is amplified and transmitted to the final shaft when the first clutch is engaged, while motor torque is transmit directly to the final shaft when the second clutch is engaged.

The present invention provides a flowable composition suitable for use as a controlled release implant. The flowable composition can be administered into the ocular region of a mammal. The composition includes: (a) a biodegradable, biocompatible thermoplastic polymer that is at least substantially insoluble in aqueous medium, water or body fluid; (b) a biological agent, a metabolite thereof, a biological agently acceptable salt thereof, or a prodrug thereof; and (c) a biocompatible organic liquid, at standard temperature and pressure, in which the thermoplastic polymer is soluble. The present invention also provides methods of medical treatment that include administering the flowable composition into the ocular region of a mammal.

Normal cells, such as fibroblasts or other tissue or organ cell types, are genetically engineered to express biologically active, therapeutic agents, such as proteins that are normally produced in small amounts, for example, MIS, or other members of the TGF-beta family Herceptin(TM), interferons, andanti-angiogenic factors. These cells are seeded into a matrix for implantation into the patient to be treated. Cells may also be engineered to include a lethal gene, so that implanted cells can be destroyed once treatment is completed. Cells can be implanted in a variety of different matrices. In a preferred embodiment, these matrices are implantable and biodegradable over a period of time equal to or less than the expected period of treatment, when cells engraft to form a functional tissue producing the desired biologically active agent. Implantation may be ectopic or in some cases orthotopic. Representative cell types include tissue specific cells, progenitor cells, and stem cells. Matrices can be formed of synthetic or natural materials, by chemical coupling at the time of implantation, using standard techniques for formation of fibrous matrices from polymeric fibers, and using micromachining or microfabrication techniques. These devices and strategies are used as delivery systems via standard or minimally invasive implantation techniques for any number of parenterally deliverable recombinant proteins, particularly those that are difficult to produce in large amounts and / or active forms using conventional methods of purification, for the treatment of a variety of conditions that produce abnormal growth, including treatment of malignant and benign neoplasias, vascular malformations (hemangiomas), inflammatory conditions, keloid formation, abdominal or plural adhesions, endometriosis, congenital or endocrine abnormalities, and other conditions that can produce abnormal growth such as infection. Efficacy of treatment with the therapeutic biologicals is detected by determining specific criteria, for example, cessation of cell proliferation, regression of abnormal tissue, or cell death, or expression of genes or proteins reflecting the above.

A motor vehicle tracking and information system that uses a radio-frequency electronic vehicle license plate in conjunction with roadside receivers and an information system architecture. The system is used to identify and track vehicles, detecting vehicles operating in violation of the law, and automatically issuing citations.

The present invention relates to a defogging and defrosting devices for the protective lens of camera, which includes a heater that is coupled to a control circuit panel, a thermal gasket that is in contact contacting with the heater, receives the heat from the heater and transmits the heat to the glass or mirror object which contacts with in order to avoid and prevent the loss of lucidity of the glass or mirror object due to humidity. The defogging and defrosting device is installed on the body of the camera instead of on the protective lens in order to avoid shading the camera view and to facilitate the removal of protective lens while adjusting the focus of the camera. It also facilitates the replacement of the protective lens of the camera.

Microwave generating and detection portions of a electronic circuit is improved in efficiency and reduced in size. A microwave generating element A comprises a lower electrode 1, a layer 3 formed on the lower electrode 1 in an island shape, forming a magnetoresistance element, an insulator 7 formed on the lower electrode 1 in such a manner as to surround the layer 3 forming the magnetoresistance element, and an upper electrode 5 formed on the insulator 7 and the layer 3 forming the magnetoresistance element. The layer 3 forming the magnetoresistance element includes, in order from the side of the lower electrode 1, a magnetization fixed layer 3a, an intermediate layer 3b, and a magnetization free layer 3c. The magnetization free layer 3c, which is required to produce resonance oscillation based on a current, preferably is dimensioned to be equal to or smaller than 200 nm square in a cross-sectional area and on the order of 1 to 5 nm in film thickness, for example. The magnetization fixed layer 3a, when made of a single material, is required to have a thickness 10 times or more of the thickness of the magnetization free layer 3c. The magnetization fixed layer 3a may be comprised of a magnetic metal multilayer film that utilizes antiferromagnetic coupling.

Disclosed herein are methods for immobilizing a peptide or protein on a solid support. The method generally includes the following steps: (a) providing one or more templates attached to a solid support, wherein the one or more templates include (i) an RNA encoding a peptide and (ii) a peptide acceptor-linker linked to the RNA; and (b) subjecting the one or more templates to conditions that support translation and attachment of said peptide to said peptide acceptor, thereby synthesizing the one or more peptides on the solid support. Also disclosed herein are solid supports having at least one RNA-protein fusion component immobilized thereon, methods for generating protein arrays, and methods for screening molecules using these arrays.

A strip line integrated microwave generating element and a microwave detecting element comprises a signal electrode and a ground electrode. The element has a magnetic tunnel junction structure which includes a magnetization fixed layer, a MgO tunnel barrier layer, and a magnetization free layer. The magnetization free layer is 200 nm square or smaller in a cross-sectional area. The magnetization fixed layer is in contact with either one of the signal electrode and the ground electrode while the magnetization free layer of the element being in contact with the other. The element is smaller than the electrodes and mounted on a part of the signal electrode or the ground electrode. A MR ratio of the element is of 100% or more. A resistance value of the element is from 50Ω to 300Ω. The resistance of the element is matched with an impedance of the microwave transmission line.

Normal cells, such as fibroblasts or other tissue or organ cell types, are genetically engineered to express biologically active, therapeutic agents, such as proteins that are normally produced in small amounts, for example, MIS, or other members of the TGF-beta family Herceptin(TM), interferons, andanti-angiogenic factors. These cells are seeded into a matrix for implantation into the patient to be treated. Cells may also be engineered to include a lethal gene, so that implanted cells can be destroyed once treatment is completed. Cells can be implanted in a variety of different matrices. In a preferred embodiment, these matrices are implantable and biodegradable over a period of time equal to or less than the expected period of treatment, when cells engraft to form a functional tissue producing the desired biologically active agent. Implantation may be ectopic or in some cases orthotopic. Representative cell types include tissue specific cells, progenitor cells, and stem cells. Matrices can be formed of synthetic or natural materials, by chemical coupling at the time of implantation, using standard techniques for formation of fibrous matrices from polymeric fibers, and using micromachining or microfabrication techniques. These devices and strategies are used as delivery systems via standard or minimally invasive implantation techniques for any number of parenterally deliverable recombinant proteins, particularly those that are difficult to produce in large amounts and / or active forms using conventional methods of purification, for the treatment of a variety of conditions that produce abnormal growth, including treatment of malignant and benign neoplasias, vascular malformations (hemangiomas), inflammatory conditions, keloid formation, abdominal or plural adhesions, endometriosis, congenital or endocrine abnormalities, and other conditions that can produce abnormal growth such as infection. Efficacy of treatment with the therapeutic biologicals is detected by determining specific criteria, for example, cessation of cell proliferation, regression of abnormal tissue, or cell death, or expression of genes or proteins reflecting the above.

The invention discloses an optical interferometer which can be used to provide simultaneous measurements over multiple path lengths and methods to employ such an interferometer as to achieve a variety of functions covering simultaneous measurements at different depths separated by an increment of a multiple differential delay matched in the interferometer as well as imaging. Optical sensors, optical coherence tomography (OCT) set-ups, optical sensing methods and OCT methods are disclosed which can provide: (i) multiple en-face images at several depths with dynamic dispersion compensation, (ii) fast acquisition of cross sections, (iii) fast acquisition of 3D volumes of a scattering object while maintaining dynamic focus; (iv) fast acquisition of long axial measurement profiles, non mechanical, with dynamic focus, range scalable, with applications in tracking and OTDR. Methods are disclosed on the combination of scanning regimes and modes of operation to achieve versatile functionality in measurements, in the 3D imaging of moving tissue such as the eye, heart, or moving embryos or functional / low noise imaging by making use of angular compounding or polarisation. A method for elimination of axial movement effects in measuring the flow profile is also disclosed.

An illuminated suction apparatus including a hand-held surgical device combining a high-performance illumination waveguide with suction. This device would be useful in a wide array of various surgical procedures including open and minimally invasive orthopedics.

A multi-stack package light emitting diode (LED) includes an LED chip, a first fluorescent powder layer, a first optical bandpass filter layer and a second fluorescent powder layer. The LED chip generates an LED light. The first fluorescent powder layer and the second fluorescent powder layer respectively have a first fluorescent powder and a second fluorescent powder. The first fluorescent powder and the second fluorescent powder are excited by the LED light to respectively generate a first excitation light and a second excitation light. The first optical bandpass filter layer allows the LED light and the first excitation light to pass and reflects the second excitation light. A wavelength of the LED light is shorter than a wavelength of the second excitation light. The wavelength of the second excitation light is shorter than a wavelength of the first excitation light. Therefore, the multi-stack package LED improves a light emission efficiency.

An illuminated suction apparatus including a hand-held surgical device combining a high-performance illumination waveguide with suction. This device would be useful in a wide array of various surgical procedures including open and minimally invasive orthopedics.

Provided is an Optical Line Terminal (OLT). The OLT may include a first Wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer (WDM MUX / DeMUX) to perform a wavelength demultiplexing on seed light received from a seed light source, and a second Wavelength division demultiplexer (WDM DeMUX) to receive, from at least one ONU / ONT, an upstream optical signal generated using the seed light having the wavelength demultiplexing performed, and to perform a wavelength multiplexing on the received upstream optical signal.

The present invention provides a system and method for retrieving a copy of an original receipt by merchants to avoid chargebacks on legitimate sales. In a preferred embodiment, a receipt is printed that contains machine-readable information, such as bar codes or other suitable machine-readable information. The receipt is scanned to provide an electronic copy that is stored in one or more memories. The receipt is retrievable by use of the machine-readable information that may include credit card number, date, amount, and the like. In one preferred embodiment, the stored information is made available through a website to the purchaser who can obtain online a copy of the receipt to thereby avoid the time and cost of unnecessary chargebacks. In another preferred embodiment, a processor handles the chargeback inquiry so the merchant does not need to respond to chargeback inquiry requests.

The invention relates to a device for charging or adjusting the charge of gas-borne particles into a defined charge distribution under utilization of corona discharge in the aerosol space. In addition to an appropriate geometry of the charger and the electrodes, the voltage waveform and the voltage regulation are of great significance for the result. The application further relates to a method for operating the device.

The invention discloses a smart home security system. The smart home security system comprises a vibration sensor, a door and window magnetic sensor, an infrared sensor, a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and a gas sensor, wherein the vibration sensor, the door and window magnetic sensor and the infrared sensor are connected with a signal processing circuit A respectively; the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are connected with a signal processing circuit B respectively; the gas sensor is connected with a signal processing circuit C; the signal processing circuit A, the signal processing circuit B and the signal processing circuit C are connected with a power line carrier communication circuit respectively; the power line carrier communication circuit is connected with a microprocessor; the microprocessor is connected with a keyboard, a camera, a driving circuit, a display, a communication device, a voice alarm circuit and an Ethernet respectively; the driving circuit is connected with a relay; the relay is connected with an electric bell; the communication device is connected with a remote controller. The smart home security system can meet needs of people on theft prevention, fire prevention and gas poisoning prevention, is free of mistaken alarm and has an on-spot snapshot function.

A heat transfer fluid can be cooled using the atmospheric thermal lapse rate. The heat transfer fluid can be ascended to a predetermined altitude above ground level where a temperature of the atmosphere is less than a temperature at the ground level. The heat transfer fluid can be cooled to a predetermined temperature by heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the atmosphere. The heat transfer fluid can then be descended to ground level while inhibiting heat transfer with the atmosphere tending to warm the cooled fluid.

A structure and method are disclosed for heat dissipation relative to a heat generating element in a semiconductor device. The structure includes a plurality of heat transmitting lines partially vertically coincidental with the heat generating element, and at least one interconnecting path from each heat transmitting line to a substrate of the semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the heat generating element includes a resistor in a non-first metal level. The invention is compatible with conventional BEOL interconnect schemes, minimizes the amount of heat transfer from the resistor to the surrounding interconnect wiring, thus eliminating the loss of current carrying capability in the wiring.

The invention relates to a device for charging or adjusting the charge of gas-borne particles into a defined charge distribution under utilization of corona discharge in the aerosol space. In addition to an appropriate geometry of the charger and the electrodes, the voltage waveform and the voltage regulation are of great significance for the result. The application further relates to a method for operating the device.

An automated system for monitoring and maintaining fluid level in a swimming pool, spa, or other environment containing water is provided. The system includes a sensor assembly having a microprocessor and a proximity sensor encapsulated in a non-conductive material. A lower section of the sensor assembly has a flat profile and at least a portion of the proximity sensor is positioned in the lower section. The sensor assembly transmits a signal to a remote controller when the water level measured is above or below a predetermined target value. The remote controller in turn causes a remote water valve to turn on or off. In certain implementations, the sensor assembly incorporates a precision mounting system and algorithm, which work together to provide the end user with a means to mount the sensor easily and maintain precise operational level of the water. The combination of the physical mounting system and the range and resolution of the proximity sensor allow for precise maintenance of water level at the preferred level.

A radio frequency (RF) generator comprises a first half bridge including first and second power transistors; a second half bridge including first and second power transistors; an output node coupling the first and second half bridges and RF signals to a load; positive and negative rails coupled to an AC power source via rectifier; a first blocking capacitor provided between the positive rail and the load; and a second blocking capacitor provided between the negative rail and the load. The first and second blocking capacitors are configured to isolate the load from the AC power source.

A magneto-rheological hydraulic power steering system for a vehicle includes a magneto-rheological power steering pump interconnecting a power steering gear of the vehicle and a drive shaft of an engine of the vehicle. The magneto-rheological hydraulic power steering system also includes a controller operatively connected to the magneto-rheological power steering pump to generate a current signal to vary a speed of the magneto-rheological power steering pump.

The invention discloses a passive noise shaping successive approximation SAR analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter comprises three capacitive digital-to-analog converters (CDACs), a passive loop filter, a comparator and an SAR logic circuit, wherein the three identical CDACs comprise a CDAC1 required by normal SAR conversion and two auxiliary CDAC2 and CDAC3 used for generating a margin voltage of a previous period. Two interlaced CDAC2 and CDAC3 are added, and KT / C noise and gain loss introduced by passive margin sampling are removed. Wherein the CDAC1 generates the margin voltage Vres (n) of the current period, and the CDAC2 and the CDAC3 alternately generate the margin voltage Vres (n-1) of the previous period. And the passive loop filter carries out noise shapingon the margin voltage and suppresses in-band noise of the signal. And the comparator quantizes the analog output of the passive loop filter into a digital code, the digital code toggles the next capacitor switch in the CDAC through the SAR logic circuit until the conversion is finished, and all the digital codes are sequentially spliced together to serve as the output code of the SAR ADC, which is the same as that of the common SAR ADC. According to the invention, the second-order noise shaping effect can be realized, the signal in-band quantization noise and the comparator noise are effectively suppressed, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the spurious-free dynamic range of the SAR ADC are obviously improved.

An illuminator for a flat panel display device is provided. The illuminator includes a light source generating light; a light guide plate that guides and distributes the light generated by the light source and is made of optically isotropic material; a collimator that is disposed between an end of the light guide plate and the light source and guides the light from the light source onto the light guide plate with a predetermined incident angle; a polarization separation layer that is made of optically anisotropic material having two refractive indices and formed on the light guide plate to transmit first polarized light from the light guide plate and reflect second polarized light from the light guide plate; and a beam out-coupling layer that is formed on the polarization separation layer and out-couples the light incident from the polarization separation layer.

A power steering system for a vehicle includes a hydraulic pump connected to a power steering gear of the vehicle and a fluid coupling interconnecting a drive shaft of an engine of the vehicle with the hydraulic pump. The power steering system also includes an electronic controller operable to provide a variable control signal based on received input and an amplifier to receive the variable control signal and energize the fluid coupling in response thereto to vary torque transmitted via the fluid coupling.

A cold method of heated distillation by manipulating bubbles, and cold distillate condensation is described. The continuous method introduces counter-current gas bubbles to a solution under vacuum at cold temperatures, using passive bubble manipulation. This approach accomplishes volatile evaporation at temperatures too low for thermal damage to occur, scrubs distilland mist from evaporated distillate, and condenses distillate by adding little or no heat. The method operates between freezing and ambient temperatures, but primarily near freezing, thus reducing energy consumption, and completely avoiding common thermal damage to delicate aroma, flavor, color, and nutritional distillate constituents that are characteristic of conventional aroma or essence extraction, food or drink concentrations, and chemical separation processes.

The invention discloses a loader constant and variable hydraulic system based on flow amplifying steering. The loader constant and variable hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a variable pump, a steering gear, a right limiting valve, a left limiting valve, a flow amplifying valve, a left steering cylinder, a right steering cylinder, a flow control valve block, an energy accumulator, a distribution valve, a tipping bucket cylinder, a movable arm cylinder, a pilot valve, an unloading valve block, a constant flow pump, a working mode switching electromagnetic valve and a working mode selector switch. The small-displacement steering gear is adopted to serve as a hydraulic pilot stage of the flow amplifying valve, throttling losses inside a coaxial flow amplifying steering gear in the rapid steering process can be removed, and fuel consumption is reduced; a low-cost home-made element is adopted to replace an inlet element, and steering stability of a variable system is achieved; a feedback signal of the flow amplifying valve is controlled in a time-shared manner, stability of a steering system is improved, and energy consumption is reduced; and meanwhile, the energy-saving effect and good control characteristics of the variable pump can be played out well, and the energy-saving effect and the control precision of a working system are improved.

An improved waveguide circulator that eliminates the need for quarter-wave dielectric transformers or impedance steps in the interface waveguide for broadband operation is described. The circulator designs in the prior art all require impedance matching elements outside of the ferrite element in order to achieve acceptable performance. Through the use of this new invention, broadband circulator performance can be achieved without the addition of impedance matching elements in order to minimize the cost, size, mass, and loss of the circulator.

The invention discloses a method for executing multicast transmission in a media access control (MAC) layer of a wireless network, which comprises the steps as follows: a sender divides multicast group members into groups according to the channel conditions of the multicast group members and indicates a representative node of each group; the sender multicasts an MRTS (Marginal rate of technical substitution) containing the indication whether data packets to be sent to a multicast group exist to the multicast group members and waits for an MCTS from the representative node of each group; afterthe MCTS from the representative node of each group is received, the sender multicasts the data packets to the multicast group members and records the sequence number of the current sent data packet;and after receiving the multicast data packets, the representative node records a value that indicates whether the current sent data packet is correctly received in a bit mapping field of each MCTS and sends the MCTS to the sender after a preset time period. The sender judges whether data packet loss exists according to the recorded value in the bit mapping field of the MCTS from the representative node; and under the situation of data packet loss, the sender retransmits the lost data package when sending data packets next time.