108 results about "Bi-isotropic material" patented technology

Multilayer thin film reflectors, such as mirrors and reflective polarizers, are described in which form birefringent optical layers are incorporated into a plurality of optical repeat units in the film. The form birefringent layers exhibit birefringence as a result of microscopic structures that have a dimension that is small compared to the wavelength of light but large compared to molecular distances. The optical layers within the optical repeat units have out-of-plane indices of refraction that are tailored to produce desired effects as a function of incidence angle for p-polarized light. The multilayer reflectors can be made by conventional vacuum deposition techniques using known inorganic optical materials, but can also be made entirely with polymeric materials by co-extrusion or other processes.

A bireffingent lens structure comprises a birefringent lens array capable of directing light of a given polarisation into a directional distribution, the bireffingent lens comprising a solid bireffingent material and an isotropic material having an interface having a refractive structure. A switchable liquid crystal layer capable of rotating the polarisation of light passing therethrough is arranged adjacent the first bireffingent material. The interface between the bireffingent material and the liquid crystal layer has an alignment microstructure providing alignment of the bireffingent material and the liquid crystal layer. A pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to switch the liquid crystal are arranged with both the lens array and the switchable liquid crystal layer therebetween and a conductive material is incorporated in the lens array to reduce the voltage drop across the lens array. To reduce reflection, the interface between the bireffingent material and the isotropic material has an interface having alignment microstructure providing alignment of the bireffingent material, and the refractive index of the isotropic material is substantially equal to the extraordinary refractive index of the birefringent material.

A system for converting the polarization state of an optical beam which propagates along a path from an initial polarization state into an inhomogeneous polarization state in accordance with embodiments of the present invention includes a first anisotropic material positioned adjacent to the first isotropic material in a substantially transverse manner relative to the path of the optical beam, wherein the first anisotropic material has a first alignment axis that produces one of a radially, azimuthally, and counter-rotationally polarized optical beam when substantially aligned with respect to a polarization axis of the optical beam. The system may further include a second isotropic material and a second anisotropic material positioned adjacent to the second isotropic material in a substantially transverse manner relative to the path of the optical beam, wherein the second isotropic material and second anisotropic material are positioned downstream of the first isotropic material and first anisotropic material along the path of the optical beam, and wherein the second anisotropic material has a second alignment axis that produces one of a radially, azimuthally, and counter-rotationally polarized optical beam when substantially aligned with respect to the polarization axis of the optical beam. In addition, the present invention relates to an optical beam having an inhomogeneous polarization state in which the polarization rotates in a continuous and counterclockwise manner while traversing a circular path around the beam axis in a clockwise direction.

A transformer for low frequency applications of from 50 Hz to 1000 Hz is described. The transformer comprises a core having a cylindrical symmetry around a main revolution axis. The core is formed of a soft isotropic magnetic composite material composed of iron and resin. Windings are enclosed in the magnetic core and disposed about a central column of the magnetic core and magnetically coupled with the inductor for low frequency applications, DC to 1000 Hz of similar construction is also described, the inductor comprises a core having a cylindrical symmetry around a main revolution axis. The core is formed of a soft isotropic magnetic composite material composed of iron and resin. Winding is enclosed in the magnetic core and disposed about a central column of the magnetic core and magnetically coupled with the magnetic core. The core is formed by core sections.

Machinable composite molds for use in making a composite structure. The mold includes a mold body having a tool surface that is shaped to provide the molded surface of the composite structure. The mold body is made up of at least one mold layer composed of a quasi-isotropic material composed of a plurality of randomly oriented fiber bundles or chips impregnated with a resin. The use of randomly oriented fiber chips allows post-cure machining of the mold body.

A lighting device is provided, comprising:a light-emitting arrangement comprising a solid state light source capable of emitting light of a first wavelength range, and having a light outcoupling surface; anda polarizing color converting layer (104) arranged to receive light that is outcoupled from said light outcoupling surface, and comprising i) a color converting elements (105) capable of converting light of said first wavelength range into light of a second wavelength range, and ii) at least one region of an optically anisotropic material (108), and at least one region of an optically isotropic material (109), wherein said polarizing color converting layer is capable of preferentially scattering one linear polarization direction of light received from the light-emitting arrangement. The lighting device of the invention provides improved polarization efficiency. The lighting device may be used as a backlight in a display device, e.g. LCD device.

An illuminator for a flat panel display device is provided. The illuminator includes a light source generating light; a light guide plate that guides and distributes the light generated by the light source and is made of optically isotropic material; a collimator that is disposed between an end of the light guide plate and the light source and guides the light from the light source onto the light guide plate with a predetermined incident angle; a polarization separation layer that is made of optically anisotropic material having two refractive indices and formed on the light guide plate to transmit first polarized light from the light guide plate and reflect second polarized light from the light guide plate; and a beam out-coupling layer that is formed on the polarization separation layer and out-couples the light incident from the polarization separation layer.

A polarized light emitting light guide plate includes: a transparent substrate of optically isotropic material, in which the light incident through a lateral side thereof travels; an anisotropic liquid crystal polymer layer formed on an upper surface of the substrate and having first and second refractive indices with respect to first and second perpendicular polarization components; and a polarization separation microstructure formed at an interface between the transparent substrate and the liquid crystal polymer layer, which refracts or reflects the first polarization component and transmits the second polarization component. The refractive index of the polarization separation microstructure is substantially equal to the refractive index of the substrate; the first refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate, and the second refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer layer light is substantially equal to the refractive index of the substrate.

A method for detecting isotropic material surface Young modulus by using surface acoustic wave technology. The method is as below: exciting broadband surface acoustic wave in an isotropic specimen surface to obtain a dispersion curve on a surface acoustic wave propagation direction; fitting the actual phase velocity data to obtain a closest truth-value phase velocity and a phase velocity fluctuation section; establishing a Cartesian coordinate geometry model to obtain a surface wave basic propagation equation containing unknown medium Young modulus, Poisson ratio, direction cosine of the propagation direction, amplitude attenuation coefficient given according to experience value, wave number and wave velocity; calculating assumption corresponding relation between wave velocity and wave number in the Cartesian coordinate geometry model and simultaneous theoretical relationship, to obtain mutual relationship of velocity, frequency and Young modulus under ideal conditions; and conducting reverse calculation to obtain the Young modulus in medium according to the mutual relationship of velocity, frequency and Young modulus under ideal conditions and the dispersion curve under actual conditions. The invention realizes effective measurement of isotropic material surface young modulus.

A method and system to numerically simulating structural responses of a highly compressible material such as foam in finite element analysis is disclosed. According to one aspect of the simulation, a new improved method for calculating structural responses is derived using the following assumptions: uniaxial loading and isotropic material. As a result of the new method, Ogden polynomial stress function f(λ) is replaced by a tabulated function depending upon only a set of stress-strain curves obtained via uniaxial tension and compression tests. The method is implemented in a finite element analysis software product.

The invention relates to a method for dimensioning, by an analytical method, of an essentially plane panel consisting of a homogenous and isotropic material, said panel consisting of a skin reinforced by a set of three parallel bundles of stiffeners built into the panel. The pockets determined on the skin by said groups of stiffeners are triangular, the stiffeners are blade shaped and the stiffened panel must comply with specifications for mechanical resistance to predetermined external loads, the angles between bundles of stiffeners being such that the triangular pockets have any kind of isosceles form.

A semiconductor device is described. That semiconductor device comprises a high-k gate dielectric layer that is formed over a channel that is positioned within a substrate, and a metal gate electrode that is formed on the high-k gate dielectric layer. The high-k gate dielectric layer has off-state leakage characteristics that are superior to those of a silicon dioxide based gate dielectric, and on-state mobility characteristics that are superior to those of a high-k gate dielectric that comprises an isotropic material.

The backlight has an anisotropic diffusion sheet disposed between the reflective polarizing plate and the optical path converter. The anisotropic diffusion sheet includes a refractive index anisotropic diffusion sheet stretched in an absorption axis direction in which a concave-convex portion is formed on a surface of the reflective polarized plate, and an isotropic material part laminated on a surface of the concave-convex part. The isotropic material part has an isotropic reflective index. The refractive index of the isotropic material part is the same as the refractive index in the transmission axis direction perpendicular to a stretching direction of the refractive index anisotropic sheet.

A Capacitive type (C-type) Touch Screen Panel (TSP) is provided. The C-type TSP includes a window for protecting the TSP, an upper transparent adhesive layer bonded under the window, an upper transparent conductive layer bonded under the upper transparent adhesive layer and for detecting a touch point on the window, an upper transparent insulating substrate disposed under the upper transparent conductive layer and formed with polymer of an isotropic material, a lower transparent adhesive layer bonded under the upper transparent insulating substrate, a lower transparent conductive layer bonded under the lower transparent adhesive layer and for detecting a touch point on the window, and a lower transparent insulating substrate disposed under the lower transparent conductive layer and formed with polymer of an isotropic material.

Manufacture of a birefringent liquid crystal cell is performed as follows. A layer of isotropic material having an outer surface which is shaped with a surface relief structure and is provided with a liquid crystal alignment property is formed. A flexible sheet having an outer surface provided with a liquid crystal alignment property is formed. A curable birefringent liquid crystal material is applied to one or both of the layer of isotropic material and the flexible sheet. The flexible sheet is applied over the layer of isotropic material with the outer surfaces of the layer of isotropic material and the flexible sheet facing one another with the liquid crystal material therebetween, thereby to form a liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal material is cured and the flexible sheet is removed from the liquid crystal cell.

The invention discloses a fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite microstructure accurate modeling and modulus calculation method. The method comprises the following steps S1, establishing a fiber filament scale finite element model; S2, establishing a finite element model of cellosilk scale microcracks and pore distribution; S3, calculating a unit stiffness matrix of each unit; S4, calculatingaverage stress and average strain of all units of the fiber filament scale finite element model; S5, establishing a fiber bundle scale woven body model; S6, establishing a finite element model of poredistribution in the fiber bundle scale braided body; S7, calculating a unit stiffness matrix in each unit; And S8, calculating average stress and average strain of all units of the fiber bundle scalewoven body model. According to the method, the microstructure characteristics, the microcracks and the pores of the woven body with the fiber size and the fiber bundle size are comprehensively considered, the transverse isotropic material characteristics of the fiber bundles at different weaving positions are effectively set, and a more accurate macroscopic effective modulus value can be obtainedthrough calculation.

There is provided a Fresnel lens structure including: a Fresnel lens layer; and a planarization layer disposed on the Fresnel lens layer, any one of the Fresnel lens layer and the planarization layer being formed of a birefringent material and the other being formed of an isotropic material having a refractive index equal to a highest refractive index or a lowest refractive index of the birefringent material. In the Fresnel lens structure, a 2 / 3D image switching structure is simplified and switching thereof is easy. 2 / 3D switching can be performed without using an apparatus with complicated structure, whereby a stereoscopic image display apparatus structure may be simplified and manufacturing costs may be reduced as compared with a lenticular lens by using a Fresnel shaped lens structure.

Manufacture of a birefringent liquid crystal cell is performed as follows. A layer of isotropic material having an outer surface which is shaped with a surface relief structure and is provided with a liquid crystal alignment property is formed. A flexible sheet having an outer surface provided with a liquid crystal alignment property is formed. A curable birefringent liquid crystal material is applied to one or both of the layer of isotropic material and the flexible sheet. The flexible sheet is applied over the layer of isotropic material with the outer surfaces of the layer of isotropic material and the flexible sheet facing one another with the liquid crystal material therebetween, thereby to form a liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal material is cured and the flexible sheet is removed from the liquid crystal cell.

The invention discloses an automatic generating method of a three-dimensional woven composite hexahedron finite element model. The method includes the following steps that a space trajectory in the fiber bundle center weaving process is calculated, and position coordinates of the center of each fiber bundle are obtained; position coordinates of space trajectories of center points of the fiber bundles are read, in other words, the position coordinates of each tightened fiber bundle are read, and geometric creation, direction grouping and hexahedron meshing are carried out. By means of the method, the rapid finite element model establishment function of a complex geometric structure three-dimensional woven composite can be achieved only by inputting multiple simple macroparameters. In combination with the geometric structure and finite element modeling, grouping is carried out according to fiber bundle center direction vectors, material spindle direction setting of transverse isotropy materials of the fiber bundles is convenient, the change of internal zone, surface zone and corner zone fiber bundle sections is considered, and transverse isotropy finite element model establishment of the large-size three-dimensional woven composite can be achieved in reality from being manually feasible theoretically.

The invention relates to an acoustic emission source positioning method suitable for a three-dimensional structure, belongs to the technical field of sound source positioning, and the position of theacoustic emission source is positioned through the time difference information and the space information of the right-angled tetrahedron type sensor array. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional sound emission source positioning sensor array, recording and storing sound wave signals from a sound source received by each sensor, analyzing a sound wave signal graphto obtain a required time difference, and determining the position of the sound source according to the time difference. The method is not only suitable for isotropic materials, but also can be wellsuitable for anisotropic materials; only eight ultrasonic sensors are needed, so that the cost of the continuous monitoring structure can be greatly reduced; any iterative algorithm is not needed, andthe positioning precision and speed are effectively improved. The invention provides a new method for sound source localization in acoustic emission detection, guarantees the safety of the structureby discovering damage and potential threats in time, and has a good application prospect in the fields of spaceflight and navigation, civil engineering, large and small machinery and the like.

The invention discloses a light guide structure, a backlight module and a display device which are used for solving the problem of the low light utilization rate caused by large loss in the light propagation process by means of a light guide structure in the prior art. The light guide structure comprises a light guide plate, a reflective brightening film, a lambda / 4 wave plate and a reflective film, wherein the light guide plate comprises a light emission face, a reflective face and a side face, wherein the light emission face and the reflective face are arranged oppositely, and the side face is connected with the light emission face and the reflective face, wherein the light guide plate is made of an isotropic material; the reflective brightening film is arranged on the side, where the light emission face is located, of the light guide plate, the lambda / 4 wave plate is arranged between the light emission face of the light guide plate and the brightening film, and an included angle between the slow axis of the lambda / 4 wave plate and a transmission axis of the brightening film is 45 degrees; the reflective film is arranged on the side, where the reflective face is located, of the light guide plate.

Pad-assisted electropolishing of the substrate is conducted by performing anodic dissolution of metal at a first portion of the substrate and simultaneously mechanically buffing a second portion of the substrate with a buffing pad. Anodic dissolution includes forming a thin liquid layer of electropolishing liquid between the anodic substrate and a cathodic electropolishing head. The location of electrical contacts between the substrate and power supply allow peripheral edge regions of the substrate to be mechanically buffed with the pad. Preferably, a substrate is further planararized using an isotropic material-removal technique. An apparatus includes an electropolishing head that is movable to a position proximate to a first portion of a substrate to form a thin gap, and a buffing pad that mechanically buffs a second portion of the substrate using minimal pressure.