1282 results about "Light propagation" patented technology

The invention provides an underwater image enhancement method combining high-frequency enhancement, space-frequency mixed feature extraction and a Mama enhancement fusion technology. The method aims at solving the problems of low contrast ratio, color distortion, detail loss and the like caused by absorption and scattering effects in the light propagation process of the underwater image, the image quality is improved, and the visual perception effect is improved. The method specifically comprises the following four main steps: firstly, acquiring and preprocessing initial data sets of different underwater scenes; secondly, extracting texture detail information of the image through a texture enhancement module; thirdly, further enhancing texture details by using a space-frequency mixed feature extraction module; and finally, in combination with the original image, the texture information and the spatial frequency domain enhancement result, realizing feature fusion of the image through a Mama enhancement fusion module, thereby effectively recovering details of the underwater image, correcting color deviation and improving the definition and visual effect of the image. According to the method, the enhancement performance of the underwater image in a complex environment can be improved, and powerful support is provided for applications such as underwater detection, target detection, object recognition and image segmentation.

A system, apparatus and method directed to placing a medical instrument in a patient body, where the system includes the medical instrument having a first optical fiber, a console and an interconnect having a second optical fiber to receive incident light from the console and propagate the incident light to the medical instrument. The interconnect includes a predetermined bend along its length, such that logic of the console may determine a positioning and an orientation of the medical instrument relative to the predetermined bend. Additionally, the logic may generate a display of the medical instrument based on the reflected light signals and the determination of the positioning and the orientation of the medical instrument relative to the predetermined bend, where the display may be rendered as an overlay on an ultrasound image.

The invention relates to the technical field of scene rendering, in particular to a building information model scene rendering method and system based on parallel computing, and the method comprises the following steps: based on scene data stored in a building information model, analyzing space coordinates of geometric structure nodes of a building, and associating the geometric structure nodes with material attributes; and analyzing a data partition relationship according to the illumination distribution, and generating a geometric material illumination analysis result. According to the method, deep integration of geometry, materials and illumination is realized by analyzing spatial coordinates of geometric nodes and material attributes and combining illumination partition analysis, the data organization efficiency of a complex scene and the analysis precision of an illumination path are improved, light energy in a noise area is optimized by analyzing light propagation and energy distribution in a segmented manner, refraction and reflection paths are corrected, and the accuracy of the light path analysis is improved. And through texture boundary and scene geometry conjoint analysis, texture fracture is repaired, detail expression is enhanced, efficient analysis and optimization of complex building scene data are realized, and the high-precision rendering requirement is met.

A mirror surface defect detection system imaging simulation method based on a structured light field comprises the steps that S1, system parameters are calibrated and serve as simulation model input; and S2, deducing a light propagation model of the light field camera, performing light tracing from a sensor, performing parallel calculation on the light field sub-graph array, and solving an incident light vector of the light field camera. And S3, designing a three-dimensional surface shape of a function fitting deformation defect, solving an incident light vector at the defect, and tracing light to obtain a light source point coordinate and illumination intensity. And S4, based on a Lambert diffuse reflection model, introducing a coefficient representing scratch roughness / stain opacity, and establishing a diffuse reflection non-deformation defect gray model. And S5, generating a simulation image and a label thereof. And comparing the simulation image with the real shot image, and evaluating the reliability of the simulation model. And evaluating the operation efficiency of the simulation model. According to the method, the precision and speed of mirror surface defect light field detection imaging simulation are effectively improved, and the method can be applied to parameter optimization, simulation image data set generation and the like before construction of a detection system.

The invention relates to the technical field of camera layout, in particular to a modeling camera layout method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional geometric scanning data and dynamic object data of a monitoring space; performing light field space modeling on the monitoring space according to the three-dimensional geometric scanning data to obtain space light field distribution data; performing light tracing analysis on the spatial light field distribution data according to the dynamic object data to obtain light propagation characteristic data; performing effective coverage analysis based on a light intensity threshold value and a field angle range on the monitoring area by using the light propagation characteristic data so as to obtain area coverage characteristic data; and performing adaptive optimization calculation on the initial layout of the camera through the area coverage feature data and pre-acquired environment parameter data to obtain camera layout parameter data. By introducing the four-dimensional light field function, the propagation characteristics of the light in the space can be comprehensively described, so that the coverage analysis is more accurate.

The invention relates to the technical field of virtual modeling, in particular to a lamp arrangement method and system based on virtual modeling and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining dynamic monitoring data of a target space, wherein the dynamic monitoring data comprises real-time illumination intensity data, people flow density data and ambient light change data; performing prediction modeling on the illumination demand of the target space according to the dynamic monitoring data to obtain illumination demand prediction data including expected illumination requirements and light distribution characteristics in different time periods; the adaptive light propagation grid is constructed in the digital twinborn space based on the illumination demand prediction data, grid division data are obtained, and the adaptive light propagation grid has high grid density in a region with severe illumination change and low grid density in a region with smooth illumination change. According to the method, comprehensive illumination analysis and evaluation can be carried out in the initial stage of design, and blindness and low efficiency in a traditional design method are avoided.

A diode comprises a p-doped region, an n-doped region, and a light-sensitive intrinsic region sandwiched laterally between the p-doped region and the n-doped region in a direction transverse to a direction of light propagation in the diode. The p-doped region is made of a first material doped with a first type of dopant and the n-doped region is made of a third material doped with a second type of dopant. The first material includes Si or SiGe. The third material includes Si or SiGe. The intrinsic region is made of a second material, that includes Ge, GeSn, or SiGe. The intrinsic region has a maximal lateral extension between two lateral ends of the intrinsic region of equal to or below 400 nm. The p-doped region and the n-doped region are in-situ doped such that the intrinsic region is not doped when the diode is produced.

The invention discloses an optical chip-optical fiber coupler based on a collimating grating penetrating through a substrate, which belongs to the technical field of photoelectric chips and comprises a substrate, an inverted optical chip is arranged on the substrate, and the optical chip comprises at least one optical device, an optical waveguide array for realizing input and output and a collimating grating array. The collimating grating array is provided with a gradually changing period and duty ratio, so that light output from the optical waveguide array is diffracted to the substrate through the collimating grating array and is propagated to the back surface of the optical chip as basically collimated light; an optical coupling element array is arranged at the position, corresponding to emergent light of the collimating grating array, of the back face of the optical chip to couple light to an optical fiber array. By the adoption of the structure, high-efficiency coupling of the optical chip and the optical fiber array is achieved, and compared with a common grating coupler and an edge coupler, the coupler has higher coupling efficiency and alignment tolerance, is easier to manufacture and can be widely applied to the fields of optical IO, photoelectric sealing (CPO) and the like of large-scale photoelectric integrated chips.

The invention provides a virtual imaging method and system applied to virtual shooting, computing equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of virtual imaging. The method comprises the following steps: synchronously acquiring object surface reflection characteristic data by using a multi-wavelength light source, and generating various imaging parameters through an image feature extraction network; the dynamic attitude data and binocular vision depth information are fused, and virtual and real scene dynamic space coordinate mapping is constructed; calculating the surface reflection intensity distribution of the virtual object in real time through a light propagation simulation module in combination with the specular reflectance and deformation correction parameters, and dynamically adjusting the relative position of the virtual object and the real light source; generating a continuous and smooth shadow boundary transition effect based on a material attenuation model; and performing space-time calibration on the shadow effect by using the dynamic attitude sequence to realize frame-level synchronous rendering of virtual and real light source positions and shadow changes. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, through optical parameter modeling and dynamic path optimization, the problem of light and shadow distortion of the virtual object in a real scene is solved.

The invention discloses an image recognition and correction system based on an optical model and environment perception, and relates to the technical field of image processing, and the system comprises an environment perception module which is used for collecting multi-medium refractive indexes, interface three-dimensional forms and initial image data through a refractive index sensor, a three-dimensional laser scanner and a visual camera; an environment perception data set is formed through dynamic correction and multi-source fusion; the optical model is constructed on the basis of environment sensing data, the light propagation path is calculated in combination with the interference compensation sub-model, and the interference compensation sub-model can quantify the interference influence by analyzing related data acquired by the environment sensing module for interference factors such as impurities and temperature gradient in a medium, so that the interference compensation precision is improved. The compensation term is generated and fused into the light propagation equation, so that the light propagation path is corrected, the calculation accuracy of the light propagation path is ensured, a firm and reliable data support is provided for subsequent image recognition and correction, and the precision and quality of image recognition and correction are improved.

An example optical system having an optical supply sub-system for supplying light to a photonic integrated circuit is presented. The optical supply sub-system includes a primary light source, an auxiliary light source, a first optical coupler, and a second optical coupler. The first optical coupler includes a first metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor microring resonator (MOSCAP MRR) and the first optical coupler includes a second MOSCAP MRR. The first optical coupler is coupled to the primary light source and the photonic integrated circuit to control the propagation of the primary light to the photonic integrated circuit. The auxiliary light source may be configured to generate an auxiliary light when the primary light source malfunctions and the first MOSCAP MRR and the second MOSCAP MRR are controlled to control propagation of the auxiliary light from the auxiliary light source to the photonic integrated circuit.

The present invention relates to gas detection devices, and in particular to volatile substance sensors, such as respiratory alcohol device sensors. A semiconductor gas sensor device according to the present invention includes a laser structure and an optical waveguide resonator formed in the same compound semiconductor including at least one light emission layer and one light propagation layer. The optical waveguide resonator is formed in the light propagating layer, and a majority thereof is separated from a remainder of the light propagating layer. The laser structure is disposed adjacent a portion of the optical waveguide resonator and is arranged to transmit electromagnetic radiation of a particular wavelength band to the optical waveguide resonator arranged to resonate at the particular wavelength band.

The invention relates to a deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode with a light scattering structure and a preparation method of the deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode. The light-emitting diode comprises a substrate layer, a buffer layer and an N-type semiconductor transmission layer which are sequentially arranged along the epitaxial growth direction of a chip, wherein the shape of the N-type semiconductor transmission layer is divided into an upper part and a lower part, and the multi-quantum well active layer, the P-type semiconductor transmission layer and the P-GaN contact layer sequentially cover the surface of the upper part of the N-type semiconductor transmission layer; a horizontal light scattering structure layer and a vertical light scattering structure are respectively distributed in the upper part and the lower part of the N-type semiconductor transmission layer. According to the invention, the scattering effect of light in the N-type semiconductor transmission layer is improved, the optical waveguide effect of the N-type semiconductor transmission layer is broken, the light is effectively prevented from spreading to the metal n electrode, meanwhile, the light can be scattered, the bottom light emitting efficiency of the deep ultraviolet LED is improved, and the light extraction efficiency is improved.

The invention provides an underwater image enhancement method based on a U-Net backbone network and fusing a position sensing module, a double-branch attention bridge and a DCT frequency domain enhancement module, and aims to solve the problems of low contrast ratio, color distortion, detail loss and the like caused by absorption and scattering effects in the light propagation process of an underwater image, improve the image quality and improve the image quality. And the visual perception effect is improved. The method specifically comprises the following four main steps: firstly, acquiring and preprocessing initial data sets of different underwater scenes; secondly, extracting spatial relation information of the image through a position sensing convolution module, and enhancing image details; thirdly, a double-branch attention bridge module is used for further integrating local details and a global structure, and the response capability of a key area is enhanced; and finally, in combination with RGB and NIR modal features, weighted fusion of frequency-space features is realized through a DCT fusion enhancement module, so that detail information of the image is recovered, color deviation is corrected, and the definition and visual effect of the underwater image are remarkably improved. According to the method, the enhancement performance of the underwater image in a complex environment can be improved, and powerful support is provided for applications such as underwater detection, target detection, object recognition and image segmentation.

The invention discloses a gasket structure capable of eliminating real-shot stray light, which comprises the following steps of: S1, designing a chamfering structure, namely, accurately setting the thickness of an ultra-thin gasket to be 0.022 / 0.033 mm, manufacturing the chamfering structure in an inner hole, and performing rigorous optical simulation and experimental optimization; s2, material selection and surface treatment are coordinated, material screening focuses on the characteristics of low reflectivity and high optical stability, and optical-grade polycarbonate has good optical transparency, low refractive index and excellent mechanical performance. The light propagation path is changed through unique design, and the influence of stray light on imaging is reduced to the maximum extent. By effectively eliminating the stray light, the image contrast of the imaging system is improved, the definition is obviously improved, more image details can be clearly presented, and the application scene requirement harsh for the imaging quality is met. The reduction of stray light interference helps to reduce the noise level of an optical system, improves the stability and reliability of the system, reduces the equipment fault and maintenance frequency caused by the stray light problem, and reduces the use cost.

The invention provides an optical lens, which consists of four lenses and a reflecting element, and sequentially comprises a first lens with positive focal power, a second lens with negative focal power, a third lens with positive focal power, a fourth lens with negative focal power, a fifth lens with positive focal power and a sixth lens with negative focal power from an object side to an imaging surface along a light propagation direction, the image side surface of the second lens is a concave surface; the third lens has positive focal power, and the image side surface of the third lens is a convex surface; the fourth lens has negative focal power; the reflecting element is a prism, the prism comprises an incident plane, a reflecting plane and an emergent plane which are all planes, and light enters the prism from the incident plane along an optical axis, is reflected by the reflecting plane and exits from the emergent plane to an imaging plane; and an included angle of 45 degrees is respectively formed between the reflecting surface and the optical axis of the incident surface and between the reflecting surface and the optical axis of the emergent surface. According to the optical lens, the multiple lenses are combined and matched with the reflecting element, the periscopic long-focus effect is achieved, and the optical lens has the advantages of being small, light and thin.

The invention discloses a laser beam combining system applied to a multi-primary-color laser projector, and belongs to the technical field of laser projectors. Comprising a light source module, a reflector unit and a dispersion element which are sequentially arranged in the light propagation direction. The light source module outputs multiple beams of monochromatic laser with different wavelengths, the reflector unit reflects the multiple beams of monochromatic laser with different wavelengths to the dispersion element at a specific angle, and the dispersion element combines the multiple beams of laser with different wavelengths into one beam. When the principle is utilized, the incident light with different colors is required to be narrow-linewidth laser, while a common LED light source is wide in spectrum, so that the position of an output light field is deviated due to dispersion when the light is incident into a dispersion element, and the system performance is greatly reduced. The light source of the laser projector is narrow-linewidth laser, and the characteristics of the light source just meet the required conditions, so that the laser beam combination system provided by the invention can be used for realizing the beam combination of the laser of the multi-primary-color laser projector.

Provided is an optical transmitter having high manufacturing stability and a high reflection suppression effect. In the optical transmitter, a distributed feedback (DFB) laser having an active region formed as a multiple quantum well that generates an optical gain by current injection and a diffraction grating, an electro-absorption (EA) modulator having an absorption region formed as a multiple quantum well having a composition different from a composition of the DFB laser, a semiconductor amplifier (SOA) having an active region having a same composition as the composition of the DFB laser, a bent waveguide that rotates a light propagation direction by an angle θwg, and a passive waveguide connected to the SOA and including a core having a band gap wavelength shorter than an oscillation wavelength of the DFB laser are monolithically integrated on one substrate. The passive waveguide has a tapered region and a narrow waveguide region. The tapered region converts a width W1 of the passive waveguide connected to the SOA into a width W2 of the narrow waveguide region, and the passive waveguide forms the angle θwg with respect to a normal line to an end surface of the substrate and is in contact with the end surface of the substrate.

A solid body made of an inactive, light transmissive material has embedded therein an optical fiber having a lengthwise segment in which a scattering structure is formed that is to redirect primary propagating light sideways out of the fiber. An active photoluminescent layer integrated in the optical fiber is to wavelength-convert the primary light into secondary light. The solid body is generally cylindrical but without rotational symmetry about the center longitudinal axis of the fiber. A portion of the outer side surface of the body is curved and is covered by an external reflector, while another portion of the outer side surface is uncovered by the reflector in order for the secondary light to emerge. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical phased array structures and devices in which hyperbolic phase envelopes are employed to create focusing and diverging emissions in one and two dimensions. Tuning the phase fronts moves focal point spot in depth and across the array. Grating emitters are also used to emit light upward (out of plane). Adjusting the period of the gratings along the light propagation direction results in focusing the light emitted from the gratings. Changes in the operating wavelengths employed moves the focal spot along the emitters.

The optical device includes a substrate and an optical waveguide formed on the substrate, a protrusion portion is formed on the substrate adjacent to the optical waveguide. Accordingly, an optical device which can achieve further suppression of the light propagation loss and higher reliability is provided.

The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic sensors, and discloses an optical fiber end face integrated micro-cavity sonic sensor which comprises a seven-core optical fiber, two light propagation waveguides, a coupling waveguide, a supporting assembly, a micro disc, a light emitter and a photoelectric detector, the two light propagation waveguides are arranged on the end face of the seven-core optical fiber, the coupling waveguide is arranged between the two light propagation waveguides, and the supporting assembly is arranged on the end face of the seven-core optical fiber. A supporting assembly is arranged on the end face of the seven-core optical fiber, a micro disc is arranged on the top of the supporting assembly, and the first fiber core and the second fiber core are connected with an external light emitter and an external photoelectric detector respectively. The wavelength of the laser output by the light emitter is locked at the linear slope of the micro-disk harmonic peak, the radius and the effective refractive index of the micro-disk are changed through the action of ultrasonic waves on the micro-disk and vibration, the harmonic peak drifts and the intensity of the output laser is changed, and then the ultrasonic waves are detected; compared with the prior art, ultrasonic waves are detected through a micro-disk resonance and laser sideband locking method, and the problem of electromagnetic interference can be effectively avoided by utilizing the optical principle.

The invention discloses a laser positioning device for a molding press and a using method of the laser positioning device, and relates to the technical field of molding press positioning, the laser positioning device comprises a molding press body, supports are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom of the molding press body, supporting frames are arranged on the front face and the back face of the molding press body, and shading glass is fixedly connected to inner cavities of the supporting frames. The support is arranged and used for supporting the molding press body, the supporting frame is used for fixing the shading glass, and the shading glass is dark and can reduce light propagation, so that a certain shading effect can be achieved, the influence of external light on an internal working area of the molding press body is reduced, and the positioning accuracy is improved; the placing block is used for placing the workpiece to be machined, the positioning mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the placing block so as to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning, and the damping mechanism can reduce the vibration amplitude of the molding press body during operation, so that the influence of vibration on normal operation of equipment is reduced.

The invention relates to a 400G DR4 silicon optical chip which is characterized in that two input waveguides are distributed in a splayed shape, beam opening ends of the two input waveguides face outwards, one input waveguide is inclined forwards by 8 degrees + / -1 degrees, the other input waveguide is inclined backwards by 8 degrees + / -1 degrees, and each input waveguide is respectively coupled with four output waveguides. A 400G DR4 silicon optical engine is characterized in that a light emitting assembly, an aspheric lens, an optical isolator, a prism and a 400G DR4 silicon optical chip are sequentially coupled in the light propagation direction, and the center of the optical axis of the light emitting assembly is located in the middle of two input waveguides in the 400G DR4 silicon optical chip; the light emitted by the light emitting assembly in the horizontal direction is turned by 8 degrees + / -1 degrees in the forward direction or the reverse direction by the prism and then is coupled into the input waveguide which is inclined by 8 degrees + / -1 degrees in the forward direction or the reverse direction. The beneficial effects are that the laser chip in the light emitting assembly can be pasted without inclining 8 degrees + / -1 degrees, the pasting difficulty can be reduced, and the light power and the yield can be improved.

The invention discloses a light-emitting super-structure surface capable of realizing incoherent fluorescence holography and multi-dimensional super-structure display and a preparation method thereof. The light-emitting super-structure surface is mainly composed of an optical waveguide structure layer, a micro-nano structure layer and a fluorescence emission layer. The optical waveguide structure layer comprises a substrate and a waveguide layer and is responsible for guiding fluorescence propagation; the micro-nano structure layer is located above the waveguide layer, is composed of nano bricks and can regulate and control light; the fluorescence emission layer is arranged above the micro-nano structure layer, contains quantum dots and is excited by the pump light to emit fluorescence. The metasurface can regulate and control the emergent angle, wavefront and emergent intensity of fluorescent light and pump light, the time-space coherence of the fluorescent light is enhanced through the waveguide layer, and phase modulation is carried out by using a method based on a circuitous phase. Based on the super-structure surface, through the steps of fluorescence excitation, coherence enhancement, phase modulation, diffraction calculation, hologram generation, multi-dimensional display and the like, incoherent fluorescence hologram and multi-dimensional super-structure display can be achieved, and the functions of fluorescence nanometer printing and multi-channel holographic display are covered.

The invention discloses a blurred image NeRF modeling method, system and device based on a scattering light path model and a medium. The modeling method comprises the steps of blurred image initial pose calculation, camera pose interpolation, neural radiation field NeRF-based 3D scene modeling, scattering light parameter learning guided by an internal scattering light path model, blurred image synthesis prediction by using a scattering sensing volume rendering method, and parameter joint optimization based on blurred image luminosity loss. The system, the equipment and the medium are used for implementing the method. A light propagation phenomenon is represented as internal scattering of light at a medium or surface intersection point through an internal scattering light path model, a scattering light path direction and a sampling point distance are autonomously learned by means of a feedforward neural network, and image rendering is performed by integrating contributions of sampling points in the directions of a main light path and the scattering light path. The real imaging process of a blurred image in a complex illumination environment can be effectively simulated, the geometric ambiguity problem is effectively avoided, the convergence stability of the neural network is improved, and a finer reduction effect on geometric details of a fine object is achieved.

The utility model discloses a structured light system and electronic equipment with the same. The structured light system includes: a body; the transmitting module and the receiving module are arranged on the main body at an interval; and the light deflection module is arranged on the main body, and the light deflection module is used for changing the light propagation direction, so that the baseline length between the transmitting module and the receiving module adapts to the target working distance of the structured light system. According to the light deflection module, the change of the length of the base line can influence the change of the working distance of the structured light system, so that the structured light system can adapt to the requirements of different manufacturers, the operation is simple, the implementation is easy, multiple structured light systems do not need to be produced, the structured light system can be used for multiple purposes, flexible adjustment according to actual requirements is facilitated, and the production efficiency is improved. The production cost is reduced.

The utility model relates to a 4K fluorescent endoscope optical system, which comprises an objective lens system, a relay lens system and an eyepiece system which are sequentially arranged along the light propagation direction, and is characterized in that the objective lens system is of a reverse long-distance structure; the system comprises a sapphire protection lens, a negative focal power lens, a prism or a steering prism, a positive focal power plano-convex cemented lens, a positive focal power triple cemented lens and a first positive focal power double cemented lens which are arranged along a light propagation direction, the relay lens system comprises n relay lens groups, and each relay lens group is of a double telecentric structure. And the eyepiece system is arranged in the light transmission direction and is formed by symmetrically arranging two doublet rod lenses, n is an odd number, the eyepiece system is of an object space telecentric structure, and the eyepiece system comprises a second positive-focal-power doublet lens, a positive-focal-power lens and a sapphire lens which are glued into a whole in the light transmission direction. The structure of an optical system can be simplified, production and processing cost can be reduced, and 4K ultra-high-definition fluorescent laparoscopic imaging can be realized at the same time.

The invention relates to a large-view-field continuous zooming optical system from visible light to a near-infrared band. The system is sequentially provided with a front fixing group with positive focal power, a zooming group with negative focal power, a compensation group with positive focal power, a rear fixing group with negative focal power and an image plane I in the light propagation direction; wherein the zoom group is composed of a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a doublet lens; and the compensation group consists of a meniscus lens with positive focal power, a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a doublet lens with positive focal power. According to the invention, two groups of doublet lenses in different forms are adopted, a negative lens in one group of doublet lenses is crown glass with low refractive index and high Abbe number, and a positive lens in one group of doublet lenses is flint glass with high refractive index and low Abbe number; and in the other group of glued lenses, the negative lens is flint glass with high refractive index and low Abbe number, the positive lens is crown glass with low refractive index and high Abbe number, and the two types of glued lenses effectively control high-order spherical aberration caused by a large view field, correct field curvature and suppress chromatic aberration caused by a wide spectral range.

An electronic device may include a display having a waveguide that propagates image light and having optics such as a tint layer or bias lens mounted to the waveguide by a ring of adhesive. The ring may laterally surround an air cavity between the optics and the waveguide. A surface relief grating may be mounted to the waveguide within the air cavity. One or more air flow channels may be provided in the ring of adhesive and / or the optics to constrain air flow out of the air cavity on the time scale of a drop or impact event. This may configure the air cavity to maintain its volume during the event, effectively forming an air cushion for components in the air cavity. The air flow channels may pass air between the air cavity and the environment on the time scale of environmental ambient pressure changes.