773 results about "Reverse order" patented technology

Wireless communications for frequency-selective fading channels is realized by employing a system including orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in combination with an at least two antenna transmit diversity arrangement. Specifically, OFDM converts a multipath channel into a plurality of narrowband subchannels each having flat fading. Then, the signals on the same frequency subchannels of the at least two antennas are grouped together. Considering a first frequency subchannel, during a first OFDM time interval, a first signal and a second signal are transmitted on the first frequency subchannel from a first antenna (0) and from a second antenna (1), respectively. During a second OFDM time interval, a reverse sign (−) complex conjugate of the second signal and a complex conjugate of the first signal are transmitted from the first antenna and the second antenna, respectively. In a specific embodiment of the invention, reduced complexity in the implementation is realized by a reverse order complex conjugate and a reverse order, reverse sign (−) complex conjugate and judicious selection of the processed data signals in order to transmit the appropriate ones of the signals during the first and second OFDM intervals. Again, if the channel remains constant over the two OFDM intervals, diversity combination is realized for each frequency subchannel. In another embodiment of the invention, antenna-group hopping is employed in conjunction with pairing in time of the OFDM frequency subchannel signals to realize increased transmit diversity without rate loss.

The present invention has been made in consideration of linear reverse playback of MPEG video data and has particular applications to video special effect editing. According to one aspect of the present invention, the disclosed system uses a minimum number of frame storage to buffer decompressed I and P frames so as to decompress B frames in a reverse order and subsequently display the B frames. Every time, it comes to display the decompressed I and P frames buffered in the frame storage, an I frame or a P frame in a group of picture (GOP) prior to current GOP is decompressed and buffered into one of the frame storage that becomes available when the content therein has been retrieved for display. The cyclic use of the frame storage and the time that would be otherwise spent for decompressing B frames guarantees a linear reverse playback of MPEG video data without showing retardant visual effects that often result from non-even decoding processes in displaying compressed frames.

An encoder reorders quantized wavelet coefficients to cluster large and small wavelet coefficients into separate groups without requiring the use of data-dependent data structures. The coefficients are then adaptively encoded based on a run-length code which continuously modifies a parameter that controls the codewords uses to represent strings of quantized coefficients, seeking to minimize the number of bits spent in the codewords. A matrix of indices contains the coarsest coefficients in the upper left corner, and filling in low high and high low sub bands in larger and larger blocks in an alternating manner, such that low high sub bands comprise the top of the matrix and the high low sub bands comprise the left side of the matrix. The shortest codewords are assigned to represent a run of the most likely character having length of 2^k, where k is a parameter. k is adjusted based on successive characters being encountered. k is increased when the character is the same, and decreased when the character is different. A decoder applies the above in reverse order. Decoding of the encoded coefficients is first performed, followed by an unshuffling of the coefficients. The unshuffled coefficients are then subjected to an inverse wavelet transform to recover the transformed and compressed data, such as image pixels.

A process monitoring and event capturing system, including at least one video detector for monitoring a process and outputting a video signal and at least one event signal representing an event condition of the process being monitored. A recorder records the video signal and the event signal in a digital video file of a digital storage device having a predetermined data structure. The video file is structured to include at least one event feature data structure at the end of the video file for storing the event signal representative of the captured event condition. The digital storage device includes a temporary data file for storing video segments for examination by the user. The file format structure stores event data from the end of the data file forward in reverse order, permitting additions of data without affecting the previous file structure.

A system and method to provide 180-degree rotation of image data at full throughput. The system includes a memory access controller that writes bursts of image data into a rotation buffer. The image data is then read out of the rotation buffer in the reverse order from which it was written to thereby accomplish rotation. By alternating the position in the rotation buffer in which the image data is written such that an image is either written into the buffer from top and read from the bottom or written into the buffer from the bottom and read out from the top, a one page rotation buffer of can be used to concurrently process two pages.

An air vehicle, such as a manned or unmanned air vehicle, has a fuselage, a rotor/scissors wing, and a scissors wing. At helicopter mode, the rotor/scissors wing rotates to make the air vehicle fly like a helicopter to achieve vertical and/or short take-off and landing, hovering, and low speed flying. At airplane mode, the rotor/scissors wing and scissors wing form a scissors wings configuration to maximize the air vehicle's flying efficiency at a wide range of speed and flying conditions by adjusting the yaw angle of the rotor/scissors wing and scissors wing. During the conversion from helicopter mode to airplane mode, the scissors wing generates lift to offload the rotating rotor/scissors wing and eventually the offloaded rotor/scissors wing's rotating speed is slowed and stopped so that the rotor/scissors wing can be locked at a specific position and the conversion can be achieved. In a reverse order, the air vehicle can convert from airplane mode to helicopter mode. Either turbofan or turbojet engine, or turboshaft/turbofan convertible engine can be used to power the air vehicle.

This invention enhances the usability of the human-computer interface by disclosing a technique for the display of single and multi-generation pop-up controls at a location that best meets the user's criterion of an optimal display location. The technique determines the minimum size of a rectangle capable of displaying the actual or likely maximum size of pop-up controls requested during any given activation of the subsystem that manages display of requested controls. The invention then identifies a location that assures the said rectangle either has no overlay or a minimum overlay of the screen area of current interest to the user while avoiding display clipping. A fixed-point is now determined within said rectangle based on physical characteristics of the controls to be displayed that permits display of descendant controls in a backward cascade that enables the user to maintain visual focus at a fixed screen location while manipulating successive controls. The invention provides the user with the ability to redisplay any previously displayed control irrespective of control type as well as provide a "Done" capability for appropriately designed controls that permits the user to convert a single selection control into a multi-selection control. As an adjunct to the reverse order the invention provides four capabilities that permit the user to undo and redo arbitrary services via performed via redisplay of ancestor controls.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for performing a visual rewind operation in an image editing application may include capturing, compressing, and storing image data and interaction logs and correlations between them. The stored information may be used in a visual rewind operation, during which a sequence of frames (e.g., an animation) depicting changes in an image during image editing operations is displayed in reverse order. In response to navigating to a point in the animation, data representing the image state at that point may be reconstructed from the stored data and stored as a modified image or a variation thereof. The methods may be employed in an image editing application to provide a partial undo operation, image editing variation previewing, and/or visually-driven editing script creation. The methods may be implemented as stand-alone applications or as program instructions implementing components of a graphics application, executable by a CPU and/or GPU.

A distributed storage network received a data segment. The data segment is partitioned into two or more portions. A first portion hash is calculated from the first portion of data and used to encrypt the second portion of data. A hash of the encrypted second portion of data is then used to either encrypt the next portion of data (in this case, a third portion of data) or to circle back to the beginning and encrypt the first portion of the data if the second portion of data is the last in data segment. This iterative process continues until all portions of the data segment are encrypted in a sequence. In essence, the data portions of the segment are sequentially processed in some order to encrypt the various portions in that progressing order. A reverse order is used to derive the hash values and decrypt the encrypted data portions into decrypted original data to recreate the data segment.

A system and method for packet traceback in a network includes maintaining an identity number (ID) for each node in a network and generating a signature (e.g., a message authentication code (MAC)) using a secret key shared between each node on a forwarding path and a sink. Each forwarding node leaves a mark by appending its ID and a signature in the packet, either in a deterministic manner or with a probability. Upon receiving a packet at the sink, correctness of the signatures included in each packet is verified in the reverse order by which these signatures were appended. A last valid MAC is determined in the forwarding path to determine the locations of compromised nodes that collude in false data injection attacks.

The present invention is a method and apparatus for compressing and decompressing data. In particular, the present invention provides for (de-)compressing naturalistic color-image and moving-image data, including high-precision and high-definition formats, with zero information loss, one-sample latency and in faster than real time on common computing platforms, resulting in doubled transmission, storage, and playback speed and doubled transmission bandwidth and storage capacity, and hence in doubled throughput for non-CPU-bound image-editing tasks in comparison with uncompressed formats. The present invention uses a nearly symmetrical compression-decompression scheme that provides temporal, spatial, and spectral compression, using a reversible condensing/decondensing filter, context reducer, and encoder/decoder. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the compression filter is implemented as a cascade of quasilinear feedforward filters, with temporal, multidimensional spatial, and spectral stages, where appropriate, in that order, whose support consists of adjacent causal samples of the respective image. The decompressor cascades quasilinear feedback inverse filters in the reverse order. The filters can be implemented with mere integer addition, subtraction, and either one-dimensional table lookup or constant multiplication and binary shifting, depending on the computing environment Tables permit the data precision to be constrained throughout to that of the image samples. The encoder uses a table of prefix codes roughly inversely proportional in length to their probability, while the decoder uses chunked decode tables for accelerated lookup. In the fastest and simplest mode, the code tables are context-independent. For greater power, at the cost of a reduction in speed, the code tables are based on the temporal, multidimensional spatial, and spectral adjacent causal residue samples, where contexts with similar probability distributions are incoherently collapsed by a context reducer using one-dimensional lookup tables followed by implicitly multidimensional lookup tables, to minimize the overall table size. The invention's minimal resource requirements makes it ideal for implementation in either hardware or software.

A connector for easily connecting a peripheral to a mobile telephone that allows the peripheral to be oriented in at least two directions. The connector comprises a phone-side connector attached to a mobile telephone and a peripheral-side connector attached to the peripheral. The phone-side connector comprises a plurality of contacts which are duplicated adjacent to the contacts but in a reverse order. The peripheral-side connector also comprises a plurality of mating contacts which are duplicated adjacent to the contacts but in a reverse order. In this way, the phone-side connector and the peripheral-side connector can properly mate regardless of the orientation, either facing towards or away from the mobile phone user.

A process for signal detection in EDGE cellular systems is presented with the step of wireless channel estimation, a time-reversed signal processor, a soft-output Viterbi signal detector consisting of forward and reverse block processing, a MAP decoder that exchange soft information with the equalizer. Claim 1. A signal detection mechanism to demodulate received data frame that includes an accurate estimator to obtain channel responses, a forward filter and a FIR decision feedback filter to be used in soft-output equalizer, a time-reversal device storing received data in a time-reversed order for reverse block processing, an interference removal apparatus in both forward and reverse processing blocks, and a soft-input soft-output reduced state equalizer that utilizes the forward processing and reversed time processing blocks to generate iterative soft-output signals to the forward error correction decoder within the receiver system.

An image transfer sheet is provided which comprises a support, a barrier layer, a polyester layer and an optional a sublimation dye receiving layer; wherein the polyester is capable of being physically separated by the user without water, chemicals or heat. The peeled and imaged polyester is placed onto a receptor element and a non-stick sheet is optionally placed thereon. An iron is placed onto the optional non-stick sheet to drive the polyester and image into the receptor. The invention allows for both correct order image-wise printing and reverse order image-wise printing. This invention allows sublimation dye printing onto a cotton receptor.

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for processing data using a multiplying circuit for performing a multiplication of a W/2 bit data value by a W bit data value. An instruction decoder is provided which is responsive to a multiply instruction to control the multiplying circuit to generate a multiplication result for the computation MxN, where M and N are W bit data words. The multiplying circuit is arranged to execute a first operation in the which the data word N is multiplied by the most significant W/2 bits of the data word M to generate a first intermediate result having 3W/2 bits, and to then execute a second operation in which the data word N is multiplied by the least significant W/2 bits of the data word M to generate a second intermediate result having 3W/2 bits. The first intermediate result is shifted by W/2 with respect to the second intermediate result and added to the second intermediate result to generate the multiplication result. By performing the two parts of the multiplication in reverse order to the conventional approach, it has been found that the complexity of the circuitry can be reduced, and a reduction in power consumption can be achieved.

The invention provides a protective method for removing an arch bridge, which belongs to the technology field of bridge removal. The method aims to provide a protective bridge removal method with safety, high efficiency and no pollution. The technical points include: building up a new trestle, erecting a gantry crane, carrying out the bridge removal in a reverse order of the bridge building including bridge decking, coping, column, beam, arch rib and arch support in sequence. The removal stage of the arch rib especially includes removing by adopting methods of top-supporting under the arch, arch box transverse stop and horizontal restraining rope, which better solves the difficult problem of the protective bridge removal with safety, high efficiency and no pollution in a complex construction environment of guaranteeing under-arch navigation, high security level, short construction period and various unpredictable elements, manages to meet the design requirements of the removal safety factor in the protective bridge removal process and the limit control under various removal working conditions and guarantees the removal quality and the construction safety. The removal method has low cost and remarkable social benefit reflected in the direct economic analysis, which is a protective removal method of large-span bridges with safety, high efficiency and practicability.

A method finds an error in a computer program. A plurality of execution breakpoints are set in the computer program. A portion of the execution of the computer program is simulated as recorded in the trace data in the reverse order until one a plurality of conditions is met, wherein one of the plurality of conditions is an attempt to execute a machine instruction associated with one of the plurality of execution breakpoints.

A system and method of inputting time on an electronic device having a touch screen that displays a graphical hour keypad and detects user touch input to select an hour from the keypad, and displays, either simultaneously with the hour keypad, or following selection of an hour, a graphical minute keypad and detects user touch input to select a minute from the keypad. The selection could also be done in reverse order. The hour keypad can include one 24-key keypad or two 12-key sub-keypads and the minute keypad can include one 60-key keypad and/or one 12-key keypad. If the 60-key minute keypad is not used, the user can enter a minute that is not a multiple of five by using a standard 10-digit numeric keypad, incorporating movement events or pull events, or causing a sub-keypad to be displayed. A slide gesture can be employed to select both hour and minute.

The invention provides a method that reduces degradation in the perceived quality of images in a video sequence due to data loss. This effect is achieved by effectively delaying the insertion of an INTRA coded frame after a periodic INTRA frame refresh, INTRA update request, or scene cut. Frames associated with INTRA frame requests are not themselves coded in INTRA format, but instead a frame occurring later in the video sequence is chosen for coding in INTRA format. Preferably, the actual INTRA frame is selected such that it lies approximately mid-way between periodic INTRA requests. Frames occurring prior to the actual INTRA coded frame are encoded using temporal prediction, in reverse order, starting from the actual INTRA frame, while those frames occurring after the INTRA coded frame are encoded using temporal prediction in the forward direction.

An embodiment of the present invention includes a method for generating a training sequence for joint frame synchronization and carrier frequency offset estimation and a communication system and method using the training sequence. In one embodiment, the training sequence includes a first training symbol and a second training symbol of equal-length, but without a cyclic prefix (CP). One embodiment of the method for generating the training sequence includes generating the first training symbol randomly according to a method for generating normal data symbols; subdividing the generated first training symbol logically into M sub-blocks with equal-length, wherein the structure characteristic M is a natural number larger than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; and copying the M sub-blocks in an reverse order to form the second training symbol, which together with the first training symbol constitute the training sequence.