728 results about "Group of pictures" patented technology

Metadata for splicing of an encoded digital motion video stream (such as an MPEG Transport Stream) is prepared in real time while recording at the encoding bit rate and faster than encoded bit rate for off line encoding independent of the bit rate and mechanisms for ingestion of the data stream into data storage. Preprocessing is performed during a metered file transfer protocol (FTP) and includes pseudo real-time encoding. The preprocessing includes Group of Pictures (GOP) level pre-processing of splicing In Points and results in an intimate linkage between metadata and the file system in which the video data is stored. The preferred file system enables access to metadata in parallel to writing the data on disk. The pre-processing is performed simultaneous to writing the data to the disk using a carousel type buffer mechanism.

A low latency streaming system provides a stateless protocol between a client and server with reduced latency. The server embeds incremental information in media fragments that eliminates the usage of a typical control channel. In addition, the server provides uniform media fragment responses to media fragment requests, thereby allowing existing Internet cache infrastructure to cache streaming media data. Each fragment has a distinguished Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that allows the fragment to be identified and cached by both Internet cache servers and the client's browser cache. The system reduces latency using various techniques, such as sending fragments that contain less than a full group of pictures (GOP), encoding media without dependencies on subsequent frames, and by allowing clients to request subsequent frames with only information about previous frames.

An indexing method for allowing a viewer to control the mode of delivery of program material. By mapping from time to data position, data delivery can begin at any selected time in the program material. The indexing method also provides for controlling data delivery to begin at the beginning of a frame of data. A synchronizing method is provided to minimize a time offset between audio and video data, particularly in environments using groups of pictures.

A method and apparatus are provided for controlling the quantization level in a digital video encoder that comprises a plurality of parallel compression engines (12). The input picture is partitioned into a number of panels (10) and each panel is processed by a distinct compression engine (12). A reference quantizer scale is determined before encoding a frame of video. The reference quantizer scale is used at the first slice of every video image panel being processed by the video encoder. The quantizer scale at the last slice of the image panel is then forced to be the same as the first slice. The forcing step can use a piecewise-linear feedback formula. A group of pictures (GOP) target bit rate is adjusted based on the number of film pictures and non-film pictures currently in the processing pipeline of at least one of the compression engines. A higher target bit rate is provided for non-film pictures. A buffer (16) level of the video encoder is used to control the start of a new group of pictures (GOP). The start of a new GOP is delayed if the buffer (16) does not have sufficient space to accommodate an intra-coded (I) frame for the new GOP.

The present invention has been made in consideration of linear reverse playback of MPEG video data and has particular applications to video special effect editing. According to one aspect of the present invention, the disclosed system uses a minimum number of frame storage to buffer decompressed I and P frames so as to decompress B frames in a reverse order and subsequently display the B frames. Every time, it comes to display the decompressed I and P frames buffered in the frame storage, an I frame or a P frame in a group of picture (GOP) prior to current GOP is decompressed and buffered into one of the frame storage that becomes available when the content therein has been retrieved for display. The cyclic use of the frame storage and the time that would be otherwise spent for decompressing B frames guarantees a linear reverse playback of MPEG video data without showing retardant visual effects that often result from non-even decoding processes in displaying compressed frames.

A data structure suited to efficiently representing a plurality of image streams including common and non-common portions. Specifically, a plurality of similar group of picture (GOP) data structures representing the corresponding plurality of image streams including common and non-common portions is adapted to provide a first encoded stream comprising only P-picture and B-picture access units of one of the similar GOP data structures, and a corresponding plurality of encoded streams comprising only respective I-picture access units of the similar GOP data structures. In this manner, the redundant P-picture and B-picture access units within the encoded streams are eliminated, thereby greatly reducing the bandwidth or memory resources needed to transmit or store the plurality of image streams.

On a BD-ROM, there is recorded is a digital stream into which video and audio streams are multiplexed. The video stream is composed of a plurality of pictures that together represent video. The graphics stream includes a PES packet storing state control information (ICS) and PES packets containing graphics data (ODSs). The graphics data constructs an interactive display. The state control information defines the control so as to change the states of buttons presented on the interactive display according to the reproduction proceeding and user operations. The ICS is attached with a PTS showing the display timing of a picture to be synchronized with the interactive display. The ODS is attached with a PTS showing the timing for decoding the graphics data. The timing shown in the ODS is prior to the display timing.

A splicing system includes a splicer for seamlessly splicing togther digitally encoded data streams. In a preferred embodiment, the splicer preferably parses successive splice buffers of data stream data for a splice-out point and a splice-in point, closing an initial group of pictures GOP if needed. The preferred splicer further finds a new data stream real-time program clock reference PCR value for aligning new data stream decode/presentation, and aligns the new data stream start time. Concurrently, the splicer preferably uses a frame table to detect overflow and corrects such overflow by adding null packets, thereby delaying portions of data stream data. The splicer also preferably restores data stream encoding by deleting null packets, and thereby accelerating a portion of data stream data. In a further preferred embodiment, the splicer preferably uses a bit-clock schedule offset to delay or accelerate portions of data stream data.

Systems and methods for adaptive bitrate streaming of media including subtitles utilizing HTTP in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed. One embodiment of the invention includes selecting a portion of the source media using the source encoder, transcoding the selected portion of the source media into a plurality of alternative portions of encoded video, where each alternative portion is encoded using a different set of encoding parameters and commences with an intra frame at the start of a closed group of pictures (GOP), writing each of the alternative portions of encoded video to a separate container file using the source encoder, writing a subtitle stream segment from each subtitle track corresponding to the selected portion of the source media to a separate container file using the source encoder, and associating a font file with at least one of the container files containing subtitle stream segments.

The invention is related to methods and apparatus that advantageously improve picture quality in a video encoder, such as an MPEG video encoder. Scene changes typically occur relatively frequently in picture sequences, such as movies. One embodiment of the invention detects a scene change within a group of pictures and allocates bits within the group of pictures in response to the detected scene change without changing a predetermined structure for the group of pictures.

There is disclosed a system and method for video coding, and more particularly to video coding that uses structural similarity (SSIM) based rate-distortion optimization methods to improve the perceptual quality of decoded video without increasing data rate, or to reduce the data rate of compressed video stream without sacrificing perceived quality of the decoded video. In an embodiment, the video coding system and method may be a SSIM-based rate-distortion optimization approach that involves minimizing a joint cost function defined as the sum of a data rate term and a distortion functions. The distortion function may be defined to be monotonically increasing with the decrease of SSIM and a Lagrange parameter may be utilized to control the trade-off between rate and distortion. The optimal Lagrange parameter may be found by utilizing the ratio between a reduced-reference SSIM model with respect to quantization step, and a data rate model with respect to quantization step. In an embodiment, a group-of-picture (GOP) level quantization parameter (QP) adjustment method may be used in multi-pass encoding to reduce the bit-rate while keeping similar perceptual video quality. In another embodiment, a frame level QP adjustment method may be used in single-pass encoding to achieve constant SSIM quality. In accordance with an embodiment, the present invention may be implemented entirely at the encoder side and may or may not require any change at the decoder, and may be made compatible with existing video coding standards.

A method for rate control for encoding video sequence, wherein the video sequence includes a plurality of Group Of Pictures, wherein each Group of Picture includes at least and I-frame and an Inter-frame, where the rate control method includes the following steps for the encoding of the Inter-frame in the Group of Picture: determining a desired frame rate based on an available bandwidth of a channel for transmitting the video sequence and an available computational resources for the encoding process; determining a target buffer level based on the desired frame rate and the position of the Inter-frame with respect to the I-frame; and determining a target bit rate based on the target buffer level and the available channel bandwidth, wherein the target bit rate is used for controlling the rate of encoding the video sequence.

A video encoder controlling rate of each frame in a current frame set (Group of Picture, GOP), and method thereof. The video encoder comprises a frame grouping device, a GOP initialization device, and a GOP encoding device. The frame grouping device allocates a target bit budget R_GOP to the current frame set. The GOP initialization device is coupled to the frame grouping device, and estimates a first quantization parameter QP₁ based on the target bit budget R_GOP and complexity of the current frame set. The GOP encoding device is coupled to the GOP initialization device, and encoding a frame in the current frame set with the second quantization parameter QP₂ to generate output data.

Coded video from an on-line MPEG video encoder is stored as a clip in a video server or is otherwise received in the video server and prepared or used for splicing. In order to reduce apparent frame inaccuracy that may result from the splicing process, the on-line MPEG video encoder and the server are coordinated so that the group-of-picture (GOP) structure in the encoder provides specified In-points and Out-points that are valid and desirable for splicing. An encoder control protocol is also provided for remote control of the on-line MPEG video encoder in order to coordinate the on-line MPEG video encoder with the video server.

The invention discloses a deeper layer network constructing method used for gender identification or age estimation based on human face. The method includes a step (101) dividing all training pictures into a plurality of groups; (102) extracting high layer features of a group of pictures based on a convolution neural network and thereby obtaining a first matrix composed of the high layer feature vectors, and extracting low layer and global features of the same group of the training images based on an artificial neural network and thereby obtaining a second matrix composed of the low layer feature vectors, obtaining a group of gender identification or age estimation results based on the extract first matrix, the second matrix and the defined judgment formula, wherein the values of a first weight matrix W1, a second weight matrix w2, an offset matrix b and an adjusting weight beta in the defined judgment formula are updated by utilizing an error back propagation algorithm and the final values of the parameters are obtained and the network construction is completed. Judgment of age and gender of a human face is performed based on the judgment formula determined according to the values of the parameters when the network construction is completed.

Methods and systems for reducing channel change startup delays for multicast digital video streams are described. Packets of a multicast digital video transport stream having a plurality of normal Group of Pictures are received. Further, a channel change request is received and a speed-up Group of Pictures is inserted in the stream in response to the channel change request. In one embodiment, video stream specific information is also inserted in the stream. The packets are processed and transmitted.

The invention relates to the technical field of identity verification, and particularly relates to a living body human face recognition method, a device and a system. The method comprises steps: multiple human face images are acquired instantly; according to the human face images, a fixation point of at least one eye in each human face image or a motion track of the fixation point is acquired; according to the fixation point of the eye or the motion track of the fixation point, whether the eye moves according to a hint is judged; if yes, living body verification is passed. According to the method, when a user carries out facial feature verification, the eye moves according to the hint; as facial features and eye moving data are extracted from the same picture or one group of pictures or video, an illegal logon person can not cheat the verification device by using a face image or video prepared in advance, and thus, the method can judge that the user agrees to the face features, and the face information is from the living body in reality.

A graphical user interface (GUI) allows a picture database user to enter metadata serving to annotate digital pictures to promote efficient picture database browsing. The annotation is permitted, not just for individual pictures, but for groups of pictures. The annotation information can be entered quickly, via a user-friendly interface (200, 204, 206), and can contain “social” information (via 116, 118 and 120) about groups of pictures (130–146), such as capture location, date and time, people or objects featured in groups of pictures, and events recorded by a group of pictures.

Scalable video coding and decoding methods, a scalable video encoder, and a scalable video decoder. The scalable video coding method includes receiving a GOP, performing temporal filtering and spatial transformation thereon, quantizing and generating a bitstream. The scalable video encoder for performing the scalable video coding method includes a weight determination block which determines a weight for scaling. The scalable video decoding method includes dequantizing the coded image information obtained from a received bitstream, performing descaling, inverse spatial transformation, and inverse temporal filtering on the scaled transform coefficients, thereby recovering video frames. The scalable video decoder for performing the scalable video decoding method includes an inverse weighting block. The standard deviation of Peak Signal to Noise Ratios (PSNRs) of frames included in a group of pictures (GOP) is reduced so that video coding performance can be increased.

The present invention is to disclose a peer-to-peer based broadcast system for broadcasting video contents, comprising at least one video head-end means for receiving a plurality of original video contents, said video head-end means comprising a splitter to split each original video content into a plurality of video files for each video file being formed of a group of pictures (GOPs) based on said GOPs' boundaries, and said video head-end means further comprising at least one content repository means for storing said video files corresponding to each of original video contents; at least one relay means for receiving and broadcasting some of said video files (190) from the video head-end means; a plurality of peers for receiving and broadcasting some of said video files; at least one super seed means for receiving said video files from said relay means and/or said peers, and broadcasting said files to some of said peers; at least one network management means for managing connections among said super seed means and said peers, said network management means comprising at least one tracking means for storing all required location information of said video files; and at least one system management means for providing authentication and authorization for clients on said peers to access to said P2P based broadcast system; wherein said each peer comprising a player for processing said video files so as to play said original video contents when said video files being received.

A hash-based distributed video coding architecture has an encoder with an input video sequence organized in Groups of Pictures (GOPs) decomposed into key frames using H264/AVC Intra frame coding. The Wyner-Ziv (WZ) frames are encoded in two parts, a hash layer and a WZ layer. The WZ frames are quantized and each and then decorrelated using spatio-temporal prediction and entropy coded. The intra bit stream is H264/AVC decoded and the intra frames are stored in a reference frame buffer. The hash is decoded by inverting the tasks applied at the encoder, and the obtained bit planes are stored. Overlapped Block Motion Estimation and Probalistic Compensation (OBMEPC) is used to estimate the missing bit planes in the side-information. The decoder utilizes the hash information and the side information frame created by OBMEPC to perform online estimation of the correlation channel, and produces soft estimates used to decode the WZ bit planes.

The invention discloses a method and a device for realizing automatic shooting, and belongs to the technical field of digital imaging. The method comprises the following steps: displaying the framing preview of a shot object; determining a current depth-of-field option; identifying and tracking a human face in the framing preview; when the human face is identified, judging whether a shooting condition satisfies a current depth-of-field option preset condition or not; if the shooting condition satisfies the preset condition, locking a focal length and starting continuous shooting. By adopting the method, the human face in the framing preview can be identified by using an identification unit, a determination on whether the current shooting condition satisfies the current depth-of-field option preset condition or not is made according to the selection of the depth-of-field by a user, and if so, the focal length is locked automatically and the continuous shooting is started so as to shoot a group of pictures for the user to choose, thereby brining great convenience to operation.