The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sample preservation, relates to a soil sample preservation method and device, and aims to provide an efficient, reliable and environment-friendly soil sample long-term preservation solution. The method comprises the following steps: preheating a sample container, adding a soil sample, quickly sealing, cooling and storing, keeping out of light in the whole process, and forming 0.7-0.9 atm negative pressure; the device comprises an outer
bottle, an inner
bottle, a
bottle cap, a high-temperature box and a low-temperature box. By accurately controlling the temperature and the negative pressure, the sample
storage efficiency and reliability are improved, meanwhile, the environmental
pollution and the operation risk are reduced, and the stability and the analysis accuracy of the soil sample are ensured. The method and the device are easy to operate, dependence on
professional skills is reduced, material waste and equipment maintenance cost are reduced, and good economical efficiency and practicability are achieved.