Embodiments provide an
arithmetic encoder for encoding a plurality of symbols having symbol values, wherein the
arithmetic encoder is configured to determine one or more
state variable values, which represent statistics of a plurality of previously encoded symbol values, and wherein the
arithmetic encoder is configured to derive an interval size information for an arithmetic encoding of one or more symbol values to be encoded on the basis of one or more
state variable values which represent statistics of a plurality of previously encoded symbol values. Furthermore, the arithmetic
encoder is configured to selectively increase an
adaptation speed of one or more of the
state variable values for a predetermined number of bins following an initialization of the one or more state variable values; and / or to selectively reduce an
adaptation speed of one or more of the state variable values when a predetermined number of bins following an initialization of one or more state variable values has passed; and / or to use a first, comparatively higher
adaptation speed for adapting one or more of the state variable values to a probability of encoded symbol values for a first group of bins following an initialization of the one or more state variable values, and to use a second, comparatively lower adaptation speed for adapting one or more of the state variable values to a probability of encoded symbol values for a second group of bins following the first group of bins. Further arithmetic encoders, arithmetic decoders, video encoders,
video decoder, methods for encoding, methods for decoding and computer programs are also disclosed which are based on the same concept and on other concepts.