The invention provides a method and a device of
multiple description video coding based on a relevance optimization rule, belonging to the field of video coding. The device comprises a coder, a decoder, a channel 1 and a channel 2, wherein the coder comprises a similarity optimization rule module, a
preprocessor, an odd and even frame separator, a standard coder 1 and a standard coder 2; and the decoder comprises a standard decoder 1, a standard decoder 2, an odd and even frame interleaver and a postprocessor. The video coding method better keeps
time domain relevance in a video subsequence by using the relevance optimization rule aiming at different motion information on the premise of guaranteeing the compression performance of each
video sequence, thereby ensuring that a one-way decoder can more effectively restore lost information so as to improve the reconstruction quality of the one-way decoder.