The invention provides a passive
microwave remote sensing instant ground surface emitting rate
estimation method and device. The method or device comprises a step or a device for calculating the instant ground surface emitting rate under the clear
sky condition through simultaneously observing the ground surface data by a
satellite-borne passive
microwave sensor and a middle-resolution imaging
spectrograph, a step or a device for obtaining the
horizontal and vertical polarization instant ground surface emitting rate at different frequencies, a step or a device for determining a
microwave polarization difference index and the polarization rate according to the same frequency
horizontal and vertical polarization according to thebrightening temperature of the same frequency
horizontal and vertical polarization, a step or a device for calculating the horizontal emitting rate of the ground surface emitting rate under the cloud covering condition through building a quadratic polynomial and a
linear regression equation according to the horizontal polarization emitting rate of the instant ground surface emitting rate, the microwave polarization difference index and the polarization rate. By using the method and the device in the technical scheme, the zoned local blocking test is performed in the global range; the
estimation of the ground surface emitting rate under the global cloud layer covering condition is realized; important data basis is provided for the
ground surface temperature reversion and
atmospheric correction calculation.