The invention discloses a quantum communication precise tracking system. The quantum communication precise tracking system comprises a large-stroke deflection reflector, a beam shrinking unit, a small-stroke deflection reflector, a quantum communication receiving module, a first color separation filter, a second color separation filter, a first focusing lens, a precise tracking detector, a second focusing lens and a super-precise tracking detector. After quantum light enters the beam shrinking unit through transmission of the large-stroke deflection reflector, the beam diameter shrinks, and then the quantum light reaches the small-stroke deflection reflector, is reflected through high reflectance of the first color separation filter and then enters the quantum communication receiving module at the back end, and then quantum light coding and decoding are completed; after beacon light enters the beam shrinking unit through transmission of the large-stroke deflection reflector, the beam diameter shrinks, the beacon light reaches the small-stroke deflection reflector and is reflected through high reflectance of the first color separation filter, and after the beacon light is split by means of energy of the second color separation filter, one way of light reaches the fine precise tracking detector after being focused by the first focusing lens, and the other way of light reaches the super-precise tracking detector after being focused by the second focusing lens.