1793results about "Diaphragms" patented technology

Provided is a laminate capable of electrolyzing an oxygen compound gas represented by CO2 with high conversion efficiency and suppressing deterioration in electrolytic performance. In this laminate having a structure in which an electrolyte layer is sandwiched between an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer, a perovskite oxide and CuFe2O4 are contained in the cathode catalyst layer, and the content of CuFe2O4 in the cathode catalyst layer is at least 10 mass%.

Herein discussed is a hydrogen production system comprising a first reactor zone and a second reactor zone, wherein both reactor zones comprise an ionically conducting membrane, wherein the first zone is capable of reforming a hydrocarbon electrochemically and the second zone is capable of performing water gas shift reactions electrochemically, wherein the electrochemical reforming reactions involve the exchange of an ion through the membrane to oxidize the hydrocarbon and wherein electrochemical water gas shift reactions involve the exchange of an ion through the membrane and include forward water gas shift reactions, or reverse water gas shift reactions, or both. In an embodiment, the membrane is mixed conducting. In an embodiment, the membrane comprises an electronically conducting phase and an ionically conducting phase.

Herein discussed is a method of producing carbon monoxide or hydrogen or both simultaneously comprising: (a) providing an electrochemical reactor having an anode, a cathode, and a mixed-conducting membrane between the anode and the cathode; (b) introducing a first stream to the anode, wherein the first stream comprises a hydrocarbon; and (c) introducing a second stream to the cathode, wherein the second stream comprises carbon dioxide or water or both, wherein carbon monoxide is generated from carbon dioxide electrochemically and hydrogen is generated from water electrochemically.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production diaphragms, and relates to coating slurry for a composite diaphragm in an alkaline electrolytic cell and a preparation method of the coating slurry. The coating slurry comprises a high-molecular polymer, an inorganic hydrophilic oxide, a polymer electrolyte, a pore-foaming agent and an organic solvent. The high-molecular polymer is polysulfone, and the inorganic hydrophilic oxide is titanium dioxide; and the polymer electrolyte is acacia gum. And the pore-foaming agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone. Titanium dioxide is used as a filler, so that the hydrophilicity of the hydrophobic polysulfone membrane can be improved, and the transfer of hydroxyl ions is facilitated. Hydroxyl, amino and other hydrophilic groups of the acacia gum are migrated to a membrane-water interface, and the groups and a membrane matrix are combined to form a hydrogen bond network, so that the stability and the water adsorption capacity of the membrane are enhanced, and the composite membrane with low surface resistance, smooth surface, compact coating and good mechanical capacity is obtained. The nylon and the acacia gum are adopted, cost is low, and large-scale production is facilitated.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing deuterated olefin under catalysis of a palladium membrane by taking D2O as a deuterium source, and belongs to the technical field of synthesis of deuterated olefin building blocks. According to the method, a three-chamber electrolytic tank separated by a palladium membrane and an ion exchange membrane is used as a reactor, the palladium membrane is used as a working electrode, an electrolyte deuterium aqueous solution is used as an electrolyte, deuterium water is electrolyzed through a constant-potential electrolysis method, and formed active deuterium is transmitted to one side of an organic reaction taking absolute ethyl alcohol or cyclohexane as an organic solvent; and catalyzing an alkyne compound by using a palladium membrane modified by sodium thiophenol to perform reduction deuterization so as to synthesize a deuterated olefin compound with high selectivity, and further synthesizing a corresponding deuterated drug. The invention provides a green, efficient, high-universality and low-cost amplification synthesis method for synthesizing a deuterated olefin building block containing a functional group easy to reduce and hydrolyze, and the method has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a self-supporting hollow carbon membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a self-supporting hollow carbon nanofiber membrane with metal M and metal M compound heterojunction is prepared through a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology; the self-supporting electrode with a high specific surface area and a rapid mass transfer channel is formed by regulating and controlling the flow rate of the spinning solution of the outer layer and the inner layer and a high-temperature carbonization process, the metal M is selected from one of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and molybdenum, and the metal M compound is one of oxide, hydroxide, carbide, nitride, phosphide and chalcogenide. Compared with the prior art, the self-supporting hollow carbon membrane electrode disclosed by the invention has good mechanical stability, good hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and excellent HER and OER bifunctional catalytic activity, and can be used for efficiently and completely decomposing water.

The present disclosure relates to an electrochemical device for extracting copper from copper-containing wastewater and an extraction method using the same. Cu-based chalcogenide, as an electrode material, forms an electrochemical device with other electrodes. The device is an electrocatalytic coupling deionization system with electrochemical oxidative decomplexing performance, and has a good selective removal effect of Cu2+ from organic complex copper-containing wastewater, strongly acidic wastewater, and wastewater interfered by high concentration salt ions and heavy metal ions. With this device, the organic complex pollutant Cu-EDTAn can be effectively decomplexed to complete the extraction of Cu2+.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a separator and an electrolysis device capable of stably generating a large amount of hydrogen. [Solution] The separator comprises a separator body having a first surface and a second surface, a first supply hole and a first discharge hole formed on one diagonal line of the separator body on the first surface and penetrating the separator body, a plurality of first groove portions formed in a region between the first supply hole and the first discharge hole, a trapezoidal first diffusion flow path extending from the first supply hole to the first groove portion and gradually increasing in width dimension from the first supply hole to the first groove portion, a trapezoidal first convergence flow path extending from the first groove portion to the first discharge hole and gradually decreasing in width dimension from the first groove portion to the first discharge hole, a first diffusion guide portion provided in the first diffusion flow path and guiding the fluid from the first supply hole to the first groove portion, and a first convergence guide portion provided in the first convergence flow path and guiding the fluid from the first groove portion to the first discharge hole.

The present disclosure relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products. Herein are systems and processes for extracting lithium using ion exchange materials, where transition metal impurities may be removed from the synthetic lithium solution. In some embodiments, the transition metal species are reformulated to form ion exchange materials to be used in the systems and processes described herein.

A water electrolyzer includes a water electrolysis cell, a voltage applicator, a pressure regulating valve, and a controller. The water electrolysis cell includes a diaphragm or an electrolyte membrane, an anode, and a cathode. The anode is provided in one of two spaces separated by the diaphragm, or on one of two main surfaces of the electrolyte membrane. The cathode is provided in the other one of the two spaces separated by the diaphragm, or on the other one of the two main surfaces of the electrolyte membrane. The voltage applicator applies voltage between the anode and the cathode. In start-up of the water electrolyzer, the controller controls the voltage applicator to increase current flowing through the water electrolysis cell, and then controls the pressure regulating valve to increase set pressure of the pressure regulating valve.

The invention relates to a method for producing an alkali metal alcoholate solution L1 in an electrolysis cell E which comprises at least one cathode chamber KK, at least one anode chamber KA, and at least one central chamber KM lying therebetween. The interior IKK of the cathode chamber KK is separated from the interior IKM of the central chamber KM by a separating wall W comprising at least one alkali-cation-conductive solid ceramic electrolyte (=“AFK”) F (e.g. NaSICON). F has the surface OF. A part OA / MK of the surface OF directly contacts the interior IKM, and a part OKK of the surface OF directly contacts the interior IKK. The surface OA / MK and / or the surface OKK comprises at least one part of a surface OFΔ. OFΔ is produced from a pre-treatment step in which F is produced from an AFK F′ comprising the surface OF′. In the pre-treatment step, AFK is removed from F′ by sputtering the surface OF′ using noble gas cations N+, and the AFK F with the surface OF comprising the surface OFΔ formed by the sputtering process is obtained. During the electrolysis process for producing the alkali metal alcoholates with F instead of F′, an improved conductivity is provided, whereby for a constant current density, a lower voltage can be used.

The modular system for hydrogen generation includes a plurality of cores and a hub. Each core includes an electrolyzer and a power supply. The power supply is operable to manage power to the core's electrolyzer and is redundant to the power supply of at least one other of the plurality of cores. The hub includes a water module, a heat exchange module, and a switchgear module. The water module includes a water source in fluid communication with the electrolyzer of each of the plurality of cores, the heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the electrolyzer of each of the plurality of cores, and the switchgear module includes a switch activatable to electrically isolate the power supply of each of the plurality of cores.

An electrolyzer system includes stacks of electrolyzer cells configured receive steam and air, and output a hydrogen product stream and an oxygen exhaust stream, and a first heat pump configured to extract heat from the oxygen exhaust stream to generate a first portion of the steam provided to the stacks.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production through alkaline water electrolysis, in particular to a high-performance alkaline water electrolysis composite diaphragm as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, soaking an organic polymer matrix in a swelling solvent to obtain a swelled organic polymer matrix; s2, a swelling solvent is taken to be mixed with the precursor aqueous solution, and functional inorganic matter mother liquor is obtained; and S3, adding the swelled organic polymer matrix in the step S1 into the functional inorganic matter mother liquor in the step S2, standing, carrying out in-situ growth reaction, washing and drying to obtain an organic-inorganic composite diaphragm, namely the high-performance alkaline water electrolysis composite diaphragm. Compared with the prior art, the firmness of the composite diaphragm can be effectively enhanced, the hydrophilicity of the composite diaphragm is improved, the surface resistance of the composite diaphragm is reduced, and the electrolytic performance and the electrolytic stability of the composite diaphragm are enhanced.

Provided are an electrochemical cell and an electrochemical device that are easily manufactured and capable of retrofitting. The electrochemical cell includes: a first plate and a second plate between which an anode chamber and a cathode chamber are respectively formed on respective opposing inner surface sides thereof; and a sealing portion provided between the first plate and the second plate, in which the sealing portion includes plural frame bodies disposed at intervals from an inner side to an outer side, and plural sealing members disposed between the plural frame bodies and disposed in a compressed state between the first plate and the second plate. The electrochemical device includes the electrochemical cell.

Process and plant for producing methanol, the process comprising the steps of: a) providing a raw synthesis gas stream; b) water gas shifting at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas stream, thereby producing a shifted synthesis gas; c) preparing a separate hydrogen containing stream and a separate oxygen containing stream by electrolysis of a water feedstock; d) introducing at least a portion of the separate hydrogen containing stream into shifted synthesis gas, thereby producing a methanol synthesis gas; and e) converting the methanol synthesis gas into said methanol.

The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and relates to a layered double hydroxide film using polysulfone resin as a binder, and the layered double hydroxide film is obtained by connecting layered double hydroxide particles or layered double hydroxide nanosheets into a continuous film by using the polysulfone resin as the binder. The invention further relates to a preparation method and application of the layered double hydroxide film with the polysulfone resin as the binder. The layered double hydroxide membrane provided by the invention adopts the LDH with anionic conductivity as a main body, and the surface resistance of the layered double hydroxide membrane in an alkaline solution is obviously lower than that of a commodity Zirfon membrane, so that the membrane provided by the invention can show higher electrolysis efficiency when being used for water electrolysis. The membrane forming method is based on the common phase inversion principle in separation membrane preparation in the field of chemical separation, so that large-scale preparation can be conveniently achieved through technological parameter change on the basis of mature industrial equipment for separation membrane phase inversion preparation, and batch preparation is easy to achieve.

The invention discloses a high-precision integrated electrolysis chamber based on concave-convex positioning holes, and belongs to the technical field of electrolysis equipment manufacturing, and the electrolysis chamber sequentially comprises a first pole plate, a first nipple, a first electrode, a diaphragm, a second electrode, a second nipple and a second pole plate from left to right; a large trapezoidal groove is formed in the first polar plate, a large trapezoidal bulge matched with the large trapezoidal groove is arranged on the second polar plate, and the first polar plate and the second polar plate are combined and fixed through the large trapezoidal groove and the large trapezoidal bulge to form a small electrolysis chamber. Main defects in the prior art are overcome, the assembly precision, the welding quality and the electrolysis efficiency are comprehensively improved through an innovative machining method and structural design, and great significance is achieved for production and application of electrolysis equipment.

The invention provides an ionic cross-linked nano cellulose / MXene composite membrane and a preparation method of the ionic cross-linked nano cellulose / MXene composite membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing nano-cellulose dispersion liquid by adopting a TEMPO oxidation method; then preparing the nanocellulose dispersion liquid and the MXene nanosheet dispersion liquid into a composite film according to a certain solute mass ratio by a vacuum-assisted self-assembly method; and finally, immersing the composite membrane into a metal ion solution to complete a cross-linking process to obtain the ionic cross-linked nano cellulose network anchored MXene composite proton exchange membrane. By changing the content of the nanocellulose, the physicochemical properties of the composite membrane can be optimized, regulated and controlled. Ionic crosslinking not only can effectively enhance the stability of the composite membrane, but also can construct a long-range ordered proton conduction channel between layers of the MXene nanosheet, so as to provide more conduction sites for proton conduction. The preparation method is mild, controllable, simple and efficient, the prepared composite membrane has excellent mechanical strength and proton conduction performance, and a new design direction is provided for design of the ion conduction membrane.

The invention relates to the technical field of anion exchange membranes, in particular to a dual-ion-channel synergistic enhanced conduction anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production and a preparation method of the dual-ion-channel synergistic enhanced conduction anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, and the dual-ion-channel synergistic enhanced conduction anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production is prepared by blending and crosslinking quaternized polyether-ether-ketone and carboxylated polyether sulfone, the carboxylated polyethersulfone provides a cation channel to form a double-ion synergistic conduction structure; the preparation process of the anion exchange membrane comprises the steps of quaternized polyether-ether-ketone synthesis, carboxylated polyether sulfone synthesis, membrane casting solution preparation, tape casting drying, crosslinking treatment and alkali liquor ion exchange. By constructing a double-ion channel structure, the synergistic conduction of anions and cations is realized, and the total ion conduction efficiency of the membrane is remarkably improved. The two polymer components form a continuously interlaced channel network, so that the defect that the conduction path of the traditional single ion channel membrane is isolated is avoided.

Separator plate (2) for an electrochemical system (1), comprising: - at least one through-opening (11a-c) for passing a fluid through the separator plate (2), - at least one distribution area (20) having a plurality of first channels (22) and first webs (24) formed between each two first channels (22), - at least one flow field (17) which is in fluid communication with the through-opening (11a-c) via the distribution region (20) and which has a plurality of second channels (26) and second webs (28) formed between each two second channels (26), wherein first ends (32) of the first webs (24) are opposite ends (29) of the second webs (28) and / or merge into ends (29) of at least selected ones of the second webs (28), wherein first distances (A) between the respective first ends (32) of mutually adjacent first webs (24) are inhomogeneous.

An electrolyzer system includes stacks of electrolyzer cells configured receive steam and air, and output a hydrogen product stream and an oxygen exhaust stream, and a first heat pump configured to extract heat from the oxygen exhaust stream to generate a first portion of the steam provided to the stacks.

The utility model discloses a pole plate assembly and an electrolytic bath, and relates to the technical field of electrolysis, the pole plate assembly comprises a bipolar plate, two electrode parts and a diaphragm, the bipolar plate comprises a main pole plate and a pole frame arranged on the periphery of the main pole plate in a surrounding mode, and the two electrode parts abut against the two axial sides of the main pole plate respectively; each electrode piece is fixedly connected to the bipolar plate, the two electrode pieces are respectively configured to be an anode piece and a cathode piece, and the diaphragm covers one side, deviating from the main polar plate, of one electrode piece and is fixedly connected to the electrode frame. The utility model aims to improve the assembling efficiency and the finished product yield of the electrolytic cell.

A method includes heating a carbon dioxide feed stream in a first heat exchanger using a first cathode effluent from a cathode of an electrolyzer to generate a heated carbon dioxide effluent, heating a first steam feed stream in a second heat exchanger using a second cathode effluent from the cathode of the electrolyzer to generate a first heated steam effluent, heating a second steam feed stream in a third heat exchanger using an anode effluent from an anode of the electrolyzer to generate a second heated steam effluent, combusting, in a combustion unit, a tail gas stream to transfer heat from the combusting to the heated carbon dioxide effluent, the first heated steam effluent and the second heated steam effluent to generate a heated carbon dioxide and steam stream effluent, and passing the heated carbon dioxide and steam stream effluent to the cathode of the electrolyzer.

To provide an electrolyte particle for use in the manufacture of a solid oxide electrochemical cell, which is a solid electrolyte sintered body constituting a solid oxide electrochemical cell and which can be efficiently manufactured by sintering a densified sintered body having a high relative density at, for example, 1200°C or lower, and a dispersion liquid containing the electrolyte particle.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to an electrolyte particle containing at least one selected from (A) stabilized zirconia consisting of 3.0 to 10.0 mol% scandium oxide, 0 to 2.0 mol% cerium oxide, and 88.0 to 97.0 mol% zirconium oxide, (B) stabilized zirconia consisting of 0.5 to 15.0 mol% yttrium oxide and 85.0 to 99.5 mol% zirconium oxide, and (C) stabilized zirconia consisting of 0.5 to 15.0 mol% ytterbium oxide and 85.0 to 99.5 mol% zirconium oxide, and having a volume average particle diameter of 50 to 150 nm measured using a laser diffraction method.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

To provide a technique to improve performance of a porous ceramic structure.SOLUTION: A porous ceramics structure comprises, as a principal component, a proton-conductive composite oxide and having multiple pores, the structure containing no binder, with a specific surface area exceeding 25 m2 / g and a compressive strength exceeding 30 N / mm2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention belongs to the technical field of diaphragms, and particularly relates to a cellulose and cellulose derivative doped composite diaphragm as well as a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a thermoplastic organic high-molecular polymer, a cellulose derivative and metal oxide nanoparticles into an organic solvent, dissolving, adding a pore-foaming agent, and uniformly stirring; uniformly mixing, defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution, and blade-coating to obtain a liquid membrane; the liquid film is placed in a wet air atmosphere with the relative humidity of 30%-80% for pre-phase inversion, in the pre-phase inversion process, water vapor in wet air permeates into the liquid film and exchanges with the organic solvent in the liquid film, and a wet film is obtained; and immersing the wet membrane into an extracting agent for phase conversion to obtain the cellulose and derivative doped composite diaphragm. According to the preparation method, safe operation of the diaphragm can be ensured, the electrolytic efficiency of the diaphragm is remarkably improved, and the diaphragm is excellent in stability of long-time operation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic cells for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, and particularly relates to an ultrahigh-current-density multi-layer metal composite type hydrogen production electrolytic cell and a preparation method thereof, and the ultrahigh-current-density multi-layer metal composite type hydrogen production electrolytic cell comprises a central diaphragm, a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, a sealing gasket, a bipolar plate and an end plate, the fastening bolt horizontally penetrates through the mounting holes of the left end plate and the right end plate to fix the bipolar plate, the sealing gasket, the cathode electrode, the diaphragm and the anode electrode between the left end plate and the right end plate in a limiting mode. Nickel base alloy (including pure nickel) or titanium alloy (including pure titanium) is adopted as an alkali corrosion resisting layer in the end plates and the bipolar plate in the contact face with alkaline electrolyte, the thickness of the alkali corrosion resisting layer ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the alkali corrosion resisting layer ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm. The hydrogen production electrolytic tank has the advantages that the hydrogen production electrolytic tank breaks through the 0.08 mm limit of an electroplated coating, is suitable for safe operation in equipment with the current density strength higher than 3000A / m < 2 > and even reaching 10000A / m < 2 >, reduces the risk that the alkali-resistant corrosion layer is broken down by current and is damaged, and prolongs the service life of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank.

Provided are electrolyzers for reducing CO2 to syngas, methods of reducing CO2 to syngas, and catalysts which may be used in the electrolyzers and methods. In embodiments, an electrolyzer comprises a cathode comprising a single metal atom catalyst comprising single metal atoms distributed within a mesoporous carbon matrix, the cathode in contact with a catholyte comprising carbonate ions; an anode in electrical communication with the cathode; and a bipolar membrane configured to generate in situ CO2 in the catholyte. Doped single metal atom catalysts are also provided.