1356results about "Diaphragms" patented technology

Provided is a laminate capable of electrolyzing an oxygen compound gas represented by CO2 with high conversion efficiency and suppressing deterioration in electrolytic performance. In this laminate having a structure in which an electrolyte layer is sandwiched between an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer, a perovskite oxide and CuFe2O4 are contained in the cathode catalyst layer, and the content of CuFe2O4 in the cathode catalyst layer is at least 10 mass%.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production diaphragms, and relates to coating slurry for a composite diaphragm in an alkaline electrolytic cell and a preparation method of the coating slurry. The coating slurry comprises a high-molecular polymer, an inorganic hydrophilic oxide, a polymer electrolyte, a pore-foaming agent and an organic solvent. The high-molecular polymer is polysulfone, and the inorganic hydrophilic oxide is titanium dioxide; and the polymer electrolyte is acacia gum. And the pore-foaming agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone. Titanium dioxide is used as a filler, so that the hydrophilicity of the hydrophobic polysulfone membrane can be improved, and the transfer of hydroxyl ions is facilitated. Hydroxyl, amino and other hydrophilic groups of the acacia gum are migrated to a membrane-water interface, and the groups and a membrane matrix are combined to form a hydrogen bond network, so that the stability and the water adsorption capacity of the membrane are enhanced, and the composite membrane with low surface resistance, smooth surface, compact coating and good mechanical capacity is obtained. The nylon and the acacia gum are adopted, cost is low, and large-scale production is facilitated.

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a self-supporting hollow carbon membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a self-supporting hollow carbon nanofiber membrane with metal M and metal M compound heterojunction is prepared through a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology; the self-supporting electrode with a high specific surface area and a rapid mass transfer channel is formed by regulating and controlling the flow rate of the spinning solution of the outer layer and the inner layer and a high-temperature carbonization process, the metal M is selected from one of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and molybdenum, and the metal M compound is one of oxide, hydroxide, carbide, nitride, phosphide and chalcogenide. Compared with the prior art, the self-supporting hollow carbon membrane electrode disclosed by the invention has good mechanical stability, good hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and excellent HER and OER bifunctional catalytic activity, and can be used for efficiently and completely decomposing water.

The present disclosure relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products. Herein are systems and processes for extracting lithium using ion exchange materials, where transition metal impurities may be removed from the synthetic lithium solution. In some embodiments, the transition metal species are reformulated to form ion exchange materials to be used in the systems and processes described herein.

A water electrolyzer includes a water electrolysis cell, a voltage applicator, a pressure regulating valve, and a controller. The water electrolysis cell includes a diaphragm or an electrolyte membrane, an anode, and a cathode. The anode is provided in one of two spaces separated by the diaphragm, or on one of two main surfaces of the electrolyte membrane. The cathode is provided in the other one of the two spaces separated by the diaphragm, or on the other one of the two main surfaces of the electrolyte membrane. The voltage applicator applies voltage between the anode and the cathode. In start-up of the water electrolyzer, the controller controls the voltage applicator to increase current flowing through the water electrolysis cell, and then controls the pressure regulating valve to increase set pressure of the pressure regulating valve.

Provided are an electrochemical cell and an electrochemical device that are easily manufactured and capable of retrofitting. The electrochemical cell includes: a first plate and a second plate between which an anode chamber and a cathode chamber are respectively formed on respective opposing inner surface sides thereof; and a sealing portion provided between the first plate and the second plate, in which the sealing portion includes plural frame bodies disposed at intervals from an inner side to an outer side, and plural sealing members disposed between the plural frame bodies and disposed in a compressed state between the first plate and the second plate. The electrochemical device includes the electrochemical cell.

Process and plant for producing methanol, the process comprising the steps of: a) providing a raw synthesis gas stream; b) water gas shifting at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas stream, thereby producing a shifted synthesis gas; c) preparing a separate hydrogen containing stream and a separate oxygen containing stream by electrolysis of a water feedstock; d) introducing at least a portion of the separate hydrogen containing stream into shifted synthesis gas, thereby producing a methanol synthesis gas; and e) converting the methanol synthesis gas into said methanol.

The invention relates to the technical field of anion exchange membranes, in particular to a dual-ion-channel synergistic enhanced conduction anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production and a preparation method of the dual-ion-channel synergistic enhanced conduction anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, and the dual-ion-channel synergistic enhanced conduction anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production is prepared by blending and crosslinking quaternized polyether-ether-ketone and carboxylated polyether sulfone, the carboxylated polyethersulfone provides a cation channel to form a double-ion synergistic conduction structure; the preparation process of the anion exchange membrane comprises the steps of quaternized polyether-ether-ketone synthesis, carboxylated polyether sulfone synthesis, membrane casting solution preparation, tape casting drying, crosslinking treatment and alkali liquor ion exchange. By constructing a double-ion channel structure, the synergistic conduction of anions and cations is realized, and the total ion conduction efficiency of the membrane is remarkably improved. The two polymer components form a continuously interlaced channel network, so that the defect that the conduction path of the traditional single ion channel membrane is isolated is avoided.

To provide a technique to improve performance of a porous ceramic structure.SOLUTION: A porous ceramics structure comprises, as a principal component, a proton-conductive composite oxide and having multiple pores, the structure containing no binder, with a specific surface area exceeding 25 m2 / g and a compressive strength exceeding 30 N / mm2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention belongs to the technical field of diaphragms, and particularly relates to a cellulose and cellulose derivative doped composite diaphragm as well as a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a thermoplastic organic high-molecular polymer, a cellulose derivative and metal oxide nanoparticles into an organic solvent, dissolving, adding a pore-foaming agent, and uniformly stirring; uniformly mixing, defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution, and blade-coating to obtain a liquid membrane; the liquid film is placed in a wet air atmosphere with the relative humidity of 30%-80% for pre-phase inversion, in the pre-phase inversion process, water vapor in wet air permeates into the liquid film and exchanges with the organic solvent in the liquid film, and a wet film is obtained; and immersing the wet membrane into an extracting agent for phase conversion to obtain the cellulose and derivative doped composite diaphragm. According to the preparation method, safe operation of the diaphragm can be ensured, the electrolytic efficiency of the diaphragm is remarkably improved, and the diaphragm is excellent in stability of long-time operation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic cells for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, and particularly relates to an ultrahigh-current-density multi-layer metal composite type hydrogen production electrolytic cell and a preparation method thereof, and the ultrahigh-current-density multi-layer metal composite type hydrogen production electrolytic cell comprises a central diaphragm, a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, a sealing gasket, a bipolar plate and an end plate, the fastening bolt horizontally penetrates through the mounting holes of the left end plate and the right end plate to fix the bipolar plate, the sealing gasket, the cathode electrode, the diaphragm and the anode electrode between the left end plate and the right end plate in a limiting mode. Nickel base alloy (including pure nickel) or titanium alloy (including pure titanium) is adopted as an alkali corrosion resisting layer in the end plates and the bipolar plate in the contact face with alkaline electrolyte, the thickness of the alkali corrosion resisting layer ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the alkali corrosion resisting layer ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm. The hydrogen production electrolytic tank has the advantages that the hydrogen production electrolytic tank breaks through the 0.08 mm limit of an electroplated coating, is suitable for safe operation in equipment with the current density strength higher than 3000A / m < 2 > and even reaching 10000A / m < 2 >, reduces the risk that the alkali-resistant corrosion layer is broken down by current and is damaged, and prolongs the service life of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank.

To provide a fuel cell that can be constructed thinly while ensuring sufficient thickness of the gas diffusion layer. [Solution] A fuel cell cell that generates electricity by the reaction of a reaction gas comprises a membrane electrode assembly having an electrolyte membrane and a catalyst layer, a gas diffusion layer laminated on the membrane electrode assembly and made of a porous metal, and a separator laminated on the gas diffusion layer and parallel to the plane direction of the membrane electrode assembly, wherein the gas diffusion layer has grooves through which the reaction gas flows on the separator side.

Methods and systems for producing iron from an iron-containing ore and removing impurities found in the iron-containing ore are disclosed. For example, a method for producing iron comprises providing a feedstock having an iron-containing ore and one or more impurities to a dissolution subsystem comprising a first electrochemical cell; producing an iron-rich solution, in the dissolution subsystem; treating the iron-rich solution to remove at least a portion of one or more impurities by raising a pH of the iron-rich solution from an initial pH to an adjusted pH thereby precipitating at least a portion of the one or more impurities in the treated iron-rich solution; delivering the treated iron-rich solution to an iron-plating subsystem having a second electrochemical cell; second electrochemically reducing at least a first portion of the transferred formed Fe2+ ions to Fe metal; and removing the Fe metal from the second electrochemical cell thereby producing iron.

A preparation method of an SOFC or SOEC with a long-life sealing interface is formed by allowing a sealing layer, a cell and a metal interconnector to be mutually contacted. In the present disclosure, with spinel as a coating material of the metal interconnector, staged thermal treatment is employed to form a high-density and strong-adhesion spinel coating to improve the endurance and entire performance of the metal interconnector. The present disclosure also optimizes the material system of the sealing layer, namely, uses the SiO2—MgO—Al2O3—SrO—V2O5 system to prepare the sealing layer, which not only improves the resistivity of the sealing layer but also increases its hardness and fracture strength. Further, under the condition of ensuring the airtightness, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the sealing layer is matched with the coefficients of thermal expansion of the metal interconnector and the cell, improving the endurance of the sealing interface.

The invention discloses a 6N high-purity silver raw material for a target material and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method of the 6N high-purity silver raw material for the target material comprises the following steps that 4.5 N silver is placed in a vacuum intermediate frequency furnace to be smelted, and an anode plate is prepared; silver nitrate is purified through a crystallization method and a silver oxide purification method, and high-purity silver nitrate is obtained; the anode plate is loaded into a ceramic membrane, the high-purity silver nitrate is taken to be prepared into an electrolysis mother solution, then the anode plate loaded into the ceramic membrane serves as an anode, titanium-coated silver serves as a cathode, the electrolysis mother solution serves as an electrolyte, and electrolysis is conducted to prepare high-purity silver powder; and the high-purity silver powder is placed in a graphite crucible to be subjected to vacuum melting and then poured into a graphite mold, and the 6N high-purity silver raw material for the target material is prepared. According to the 6N high-purity silver raw material for the target material and the preparation method of the 6N high-purity silver raw material, the purity and stability of the 6N high-purity silver raw material are improved on the basis of guaranteeing the purity of the 6N high-purity silver raw material through combination of various modes such as raw material optimization, equipment optimization and process step improvement.

An electrochemical cell is disclosed. The electrochemical cell may include a first electrode including carbon nanotubes and one or more catalysts formulated to accelerate one or more non-oxidative deprotonation reactions to produce at least one hydrocarbon compound, H+, and e− from at least one other hydrocarbon compound, a second electrode, and an electrolyte between the first electrode and the second electrode. The carbon nanotubes may be oriented at least substantially vertically relative to the electrolyte. Related methods and systems are disclosed.

The invention discloses a graphene electrolytic diaphragm material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of diaphragm materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, weighing the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 15 parts of a modified vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, 60 to 65 parts of dimethylformamide, 15 to 25 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 6 to 8 parts of modified graphene, 0.4 to 0.5 part of a carbon nanotube and 1 to 2 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone; s2, sequentially adding a modified vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, modified graphene, carbon nanotubes and polyvinylpyrrolidone into a reaction tank, heating to 50-60 DEG C, and stirring and dissolving to prepare a glue solution; s3, immersing base cloth into the glue solution, extruding to form a film, soaking in a cold water pool, soaking in a hot water pool, and drying to obtain the product. The prepared electrolytic diaphragm material has good water absorption and low surface resistance, and the production cost of metal nickel can be reduced.

The invention provides a polymer and a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, mixing dopa and / or dopamine with an organic solvent, and adding an organic alkali and a silane compound to obtain a first intermediate product; 2, mixing the first intermediate product with an organic solvent, adding a pH regulator, and carrying out a stirring reaction to obtain a second intermediate product; 3, mixing a diphenyl sulfone compound with an organic solvent, adding the second intermediate product, and stirring for reaction to obtain a third intermediate product; 4, mixing the third intermediate product with an organic solvent, and adding ammonium salt to obtain a fourth intermediate product; and 5, mixing the fourth intermediate product, bisphenol A and an organic solvent, adding an inorganic base, and carrying out a stirring reaction to obtain the polymer. When the polymer is used for preparing the alkaline water electrolysis composite membrane, the wettability of the composite membrane and electrolyte can be improved, the surface resistance of a diaphragm is reduced, and the electrolytic efficiency and mechanical stability of the diaphragm are improved.

A separator for water electrolysis comprising a cathode facing side (101) and an anode facing side (201), characterized in that the cathode- and anode facing sides are visually distinct.

There is disclosed structures for an electrolyser, including a porous wall (2020) for an electrode The porous wall comprises a body, a plurality of flow regions (2045) extending through the body at discrete locations to provide the porous wall with a discontinuous porous structure. The body comprises a plurality of bonded stacked plates, each flow region (2045) being defined by a respective array of flow zones (2049) extending through a respective subset of adjacent plates and overlapping along a thickness direction to cumulatively define the flow region. There is also disclosed a related flow arrangement, electrolyser, and structures for a multi-cell electrolyser.

The invention relates to the technical field of pure iron preparation through aqueous solution electrolysis, in particular to a method for inhibiting colloid generation in pure iron preparation through FeSO4 solution electrolysis. In the electrolytic bath, a cathode chamber and an anode chamber are separated by using an anion exchange membrane; the anolyte is a Na2SO4 or K2SO4 solution, the catholyte comprises a FeSO4 solution and a reducing agent, and the concentration of SO4 < 2-> in the catholyte is the same as that of SO4 < 2-> in the anolyte. According to the method, the surface roughening phenomenon of a cathode deposition layer is effectively inhibited, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of pure iron caused by excessive precipitation of hydrogen is avoided, the attenuation rate of current efficiency is remarkably reduced, and therefore synchronous improvement of electrolytic iron product quality, electrolytic efficiency and process stability is achieved; the method has important significance for promoting the development of a pure iron preparation technology by an aqueous solution electrolysis method.

The invention particularly discloses a preparation method and application of a composite ion exchange membrane. The composite ion exchange membrane is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 95 to 110 parts of perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, 5 to 8 parts of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes, 10 to 15 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 1 to 1.8 parts of cerium-tannin complex, 12 to 20 parts of polyphenylene sulfide enhanced net, 30 to 40 parts of sulfonated polyether ether ketone solution, 3 to 5 parts of MXene-silicotungstic acid compound and 1 to 3 parts of polyethyleneimine cross-linking agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube and the cerium-tannin complex; blending the perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin and the functional filler to prepare a membrane casting solution, and coating to form a membrane; a PPS reinforced net and an SPEEK solution are subjected to composite reinforcement, the PPS reinforced net and the SPEEK solution are subjected to PEI crosslinking and then superposed with the membrane, an MXene-silicotungstic acid compound is sprayed on the surface, and the composite ion exchange membrane is obtained through hot pressing and acid activation, has high proton conductivity and excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability and can be applied to a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and an all-vanadium redox flow battery.

An apparatus for water electrolysis includes a water-electrolysis stack, a feed-water pipeline, and a transport layer arranged upstream of the stack. A processor comprises pressures measured on each side of the transport layer and monitors ion conductivity of the feed water. When either reading crosses preset reference thresholds, the processor disables the power-supply unit and / or stops a circulation pump to protect the stack. The system can inject carbon dioxide to recover conductivity and issues alerts when the transport layer or an electrolyte membrane needs replacement, or when the carbon-dioxide charge falls below feed-water pressure. A complimentary control method performs the sensing, comparison, intervention, and user-notification steps.

A proton exchange membrane for an energy conversion device, a hydrogen fuel cell stack for a vehicle, and a method for producing a proton exchange membrane. The proton exchange membrane contains a first layer of a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer. Furthermore, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer contains a first additive coated with methoxy nonfluorobutane. The hydrogen fuel cell stack comprises one or more membrane electrode assemblies, each containing a proton exchange membrane.

The application provides a method for recovering valuable metals and cyanide in cyanide tail liquid based on pulse current diaphragm electrolysis, and belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, wherein a diaphragm electrolysis device is assembled to separate an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by an ion exchange membrane; an alkaline electrolyte solution is added into the anode chamber, and a cyanide tail liquid to be treated is added into the cathode chamber; a single pulse current is used for electrolysis reaction, and the cathode chamber is continuously aerated; after the reaction is completed, the cathode electrolyte is determined to calculate the cyanide recovery rate and the valuable metal recovery rate. The application can efficiently, lowly and selectively recover valuable metals in the cyanide tail liquid under alkaline conditions, and can effectively recover cyanide at the same time, overcomes the limitations of the traditional electrolysis method, and has important economic and environmental significance.

The invention discloses a low-hydrogen-permeation proton exchange membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The low-hydrogen-permeation proton exchange membrane comprises an enhancement layer and a hydrogen elimination layer arranged on one side or two sides of the enhancement layer in a laminated manner, the reinforcing layer comprises a reinforcing matrix and fluorine-containing sulfonic acid resin coated on the reinforcing matrix; the dehydrogenation layer comprises fluorine-containing sulfonic acid resin and a silanization reagent modified Pt additive anchored and dispersed in the fluorine-containing sulfonic acid resin. According to the invention, the Pt type additive modified by the silanization reagent with anchoring and dispersing effects is doped in the fluorine-containing sulfonic acid resin to serve as a dehydrogenation layer, and silanization modification improves the dispersion uniformity and utilization rate of the Pt type additive and improves the anchoring stability of the Pt type additive at the same time; a reinforcing substrate is arranged on the reinforcing layer, so that the mechanical strength of the membrane is improved, and the excellent three-in-one effect of low hydrogen permeation, high durability and high mechanical property is realized.

The invention relates to a part comprising a metal substrate and a layer of material based on amorphous carbon having sp2 hybridised bonds and sp3 hybridised bonds, wherein the layer has: - a first content of sp3 hybridised bonds on the substrate side; and - a second content of sp3 hybridised bonds on the side of an outer surface of the layer; - the first content being greater than the second content, characterised in that an average content within the layer of sp3 hybridised bonds is between 5% and 65%, and preferably between 5% and 45%, and in that the content of sp3 hybridised bonds changes continuously within the layer.

Provided is a stainless steel having excellent oxidation resistance, Cr poisoning resistance, and electrical conductivity not only in the use environment of SOFC, but also in the use environment of SOEC. In the present invention, the component composition is appropriately controlled, in particular, 0.60-1.50 mass% of Al, 0.20-0.45 mass% of Nb, 20.0-30.0 mass% of Cr, and 0.05-0.50 mass% of Si, and the relationship of the following formulae (1) and (2): 0.03 * [Cr] + [Al] < = 2.20 (1) and 0.44 * [Si] + [Al] < = 1.52 (2) are satisfied.

To improve cell performance.SOLUTION: An electrochemical cell comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer. The solid electrolyte layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and has oxide ion conductivity. The first electrode layer includes an electron conductive material, and a first material including, as a main component, a first element having a smaller electronegativity than that of zirconium.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3