The application discloses a lattice public key data
encryption and decryption method and a
key encapsulation method based on vector decoding. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining first target
ciphertext data according to predetermined
plaintext data, a first predetermined
encryption method, a first target public key and a predetermined interference term, so that lattice public key data
encryption can be realized; obtaining target
plaintext data according to the first target
ciphertext data, a first target private key and a predetermined decryption method, so that lattice public key
data decryption can be realized. Meanwhile, the application also proposes a variant problem of a ring learning with errors problem (RLWE), namely, a subset-sum parity RLWE (sspRLWE) problem, and further optimizes the lattice public key data encryption method based on vector decoding in the application based on the variant problem. The public key encryption method and the
key encapsulation method designed in the application have the characteristics and advantages of
provable security, resistance to
quantum computer attacks, short public key and
ciphertext length, high calculation efficiency, low decryption
failure rate, flexible parameter selection and the like.