The invention discloses application of cobra neurotoxin monomer molecules in treatment of senile dementia. The senile dementia, also known as Alzheimer disease, is a senile disease with progressive memory disorder, obstacle of judgment and reasoning ability as well as dyskinesia as main clinical features. Evidence shows that strong focal inflammatory responses exist in the brains of the patients with the senile dementia, and activated microglia and astrocytes exist near senile plaques; and the activated microglia and astrocytes can express a plurality of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1[beta] (IL-1[beta]), tumor necrosisfactor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the like. Therefore, experts suggest that neurodegeneration may be caused by inappropriate activation of immune and inflammatoryreactions in the brain; and super-strong immune reactions can attack nerve tissue "in the wrong direction", thereby causing neuron damage and death. In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a group of cobra neurotoxin monomer molecules which can inhibit increase of contents of related inflammatory factors, namely the IL-1[beta]) and the TNF-alpha, in the hippocampus of rats with the senile dementia, as well as significantly shorten escape latency of the rats with the senile dementia after treatment in Morris water maze experiment.