The invention discloses a preparation method and application of renal
progenitor cells. The method specifically comprises the following steps: inducing pluripotent stem cells to be differentiated into an intermediate
mesoderm cell stage through a GSK-3alpha / beta inhibitor, and inducing cells in the intermediate
mesoderm cell stage to be differentiated into a cap-like mesenchymal stage by using a
nuclear receptor agonist containing FGF-2 and RAR / RXR, so as to obtain the renal
progenitor cells with obvious specific characteristics and potentials of the cap-like mesenchymal. According to the method, the high-purity and high-quality renal
progenitor cells can be obtained without separation and purification, the purity can reach 99.9%, and the obtained renal progenitor cells have the differentiation potential of
kidney-like organs, basically have no PSCs residues, have the differentiation potential of
kidney-like organs and are suitable for clinical
cell therapy; and the operation is simple, stable and controllable, and safe, effective, high-purity and homogeneous renal progenitor cells can be prepared on a large scale.