329 results about "Chemical contaminants" patented technology

A method and device for the chemical conversion, filtration and/or purification of fluids water or other solutions containing microbiological and chemical contaminants, such as fluids containing arsenic, chlorine, bacteria, viruses, and cysts, where the fluid is passed through a purification material composed of fluid treatment carbon, metal phosphates, metal oxides, reduced metals, metal silicates, metal sulfates, metal carbonates, metal hydroxides, or combinations thereof. The material may be included in a fixed binder matrix.

A method and device for filtration and/or purification of fluids water or other solutions containing microbiological and chemical contaminants, such as fluids containing metals, water treatment chemicals, reactive chemicals and microorganisms, where the fluid is passed through a composite material composed of fluid treatment media with or without a binder matrix in which the filtration media, binder, or support structures, or a combination thereof contains a surface treatment.

A carboxylic-intercalated graphite compound composition for the production of exfoliated graphite, flexible graphite, or nano-scaled graphene platelets. The composition comprises a layered graphite with interlayer spaces or interstices and a carboxylic acid residing in at least one of the interstices, wherein the composition is prepared by a chemical oxidation reaction which uses a combination of a carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide as an intercalate source. Alternatively, the composition may be prepared by an electrochemical reaction, which uses a carboxylic acid as both an electrolyte and an intercalate source. Exfoliation of the invented composition does not release undesirable chemical contaminants into air or drainage.

The invention relates to a nondestructive detecting and screening method based on near-infrared for crop single-grain components, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a database for single-grain components of different materials, by utilizing a known ration detection process for the chemical components of crop single-grain; collecting near-infrared spectrum information of the known single-grain component materials; establishing a component identifying model corresponding to the single-grain component and the near-infrared spectrum information; and in the detection process, detecting the spectrum of a to-be-detected sample firstly, and then comparing with the identifying model and analyzing so as to acquire the component of the to-be-detected sample, and lastly automatically screening. The high-throughput nondestructive detection on chemical matters and chemical pollutants is realized on the basis of single-grain level, wherein the chemical matters contain starch, protein, fat, and the like. The method can be used for nondestructively selecting mutant and genetic segregation groups and detecting pollutants, thereby supplying a new method for ensuring the safety of crop heredity breading and the safety of agricultural products.

Apparatus, process and article for treating an aqueous solution containing a chemical contaminant. The process includes contacting an aqueous solution containing a chemical contaminant with an aggregate composition comprising an insoluble rare earth-containing compound to form a solution depleted of chemical contaminants. The insoluble rare earth-containing compound can include one or more of cerium, lanthanum, or praseodymium. A suitable insoluble cerium-containing compound can be derived from a cerium carbonate, cerium oxalate and/or a cerium salt. The aggregate composition can include more than 10.01% by weight of the insoluble rare earth-containing compound, and in a particular embodiment consists essentially of one or more cerium oxides, and optionally a binder and/or flow aid. Although intended for a variety of fluid treatment applications, such applications specifically include removing or detoxifying chemical contaminants in water.

The invention concerns the production of filter materials for the purification and disinfection of water, water solutions and other liquids, as well as for sterilizing filtration of injections and other solutions, for concentration of biomolecules in physiological liquids, concentration and extraction of viruses, preparation of apyrogenic water, in biocatalytic diaphragm reactors. The invention solves the problems of a new filter material production, characterized by high sorption properties, high retention efficiency of submicron electronegative particles, microorganisms, submicron non-polar particles and chemical contaminations, and, at the same time, characterized by low hydrodynamic resistance. A base of filter material is the nonwoven organic synthetic polymeric fabric, modified by the aluminum hydroxide particles, fixed to the surface of base fibers for improvement of its sorption properties and for making it positively charged. A method of filter material production comprises: applying the modifying composition onto the fibrous base in the form of organic nonwoven synthetic polymeric fabric, wherein said modifying composition comprises the particles of the aluminum-based material, hydrolysis thereof results to formation and fixation of the aluminum hydroxide particles to the base fibers. A method of fluid filtration is carried out using the filter material as a non-woven organic synthetic polymeric fabric, to the fibers of which the aluminum hydroxide particles are fixed.

A stormwater treatment system and method for removing sediment, chemical pollutants, and debris from stormwater runoff by utilizing bioretention practices including physical, chemical and biological processes by passing stormwater runoff water through a multi-phase filtering and treatment train. Stormwater is initially directed to and enters a pretreatment collection chamber located within or exterior of a primarily open-bottomed, multi-dimensional container whereby entrained sediment and other transportable materials are captured and collected prior to continued transport, filtration and treatment through a media filter layer. A live plant (preferably a tree) situated within the container with roots resident in the media filter layer with the ability for expansion beyond the perimeter of the container through openings in one or more sidewalls. The treated water may be further conveyed to a separate compartment or storage area for additional filtration and temporary collection and storage, or discharged exterior of the container. A vertically positioned overflow/bypass piping apparatus may be included within the stormwater treatment system to provide additional water conveyance. Additional ancillary filtration and storage facilities may be connected to the described stormwater treatment system as conditions warrant.

A system and method of maintaining the integrity of freshly harvested, or freshly cut fruits and vegetables. Specifically, the invention focuses on a distinct series of processes which confer a lower total microbial count, delay browning, improve general organoleptic properties, and decrease the amount of chemical contaminants on the exposed surfaces without the use of preservatives. Examples of such process may be applying a first produce integrity maintenance process, a second produce integrity maintenance process, application of an antibrowning agent to the produce by a produce antibrown agent applicator, exposing the produce to ultraviolet light by an ultraviolet light system, and applying an ozone treatment by an ozone treatment system.

A system for disinfecting a fluid containing microorganisms or chemical contaminants includes a plurality of photocatalyst surfaces secured to a solid surface upon which a fluid to be disinfected contacts. A structure for removing a portion of the photogenerated electrons is in electrical contact with the photocatalyst layer, wherein an electron-hole recombination rate involving the photogenerated electrons and holes is reduced, thus increasing the removal rate of microorganisms or chemical contaminants from the fluid. The system can include a source of photons having a wavelength corresponding to a band gap energy of the photocatalyst to illuminate the photocatalyst layer. The invention can be used in air supply registers of a heating, ventilating and air conditioning system, or in air ducts, or used to disinfect wall coverings, floor coverings, envelopes, packages, and clothing articles.

The invention discloses air filter paper and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1), preparing a piece of bottom paper; (2), preparing carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixed liquid; (3), arranging the bottom paper on a former, conveying the carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixed liquid to the former, enabling the carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixed liquid to be filtered and formed on the bottom paper, then sizing and drying to obtain the air filter paper. According to the invention, a simple filtering method is adopted to directly load the carbon nanomaterial on the inner fiber of a filtering medium, the preparation technology is simple, the cost is low, the pollution is avoided, and the large-scale production and application of the carbon nanomaterial in the air filtering field can be realized; the prepared air filter paper is high in filtering efficiency, low in filtering resistance, not only can filter particulate pollutants, but also can remove chemical pollutants and virus in the air.

The present invention overcomes the limits of activated carbons, ion exchange resin beads and fibers, and liquid form ion exchangers for acid, base, or VOCs gases removal by providing a filtration assembly for the filtration of chemical contaminants and particulates from an air or gas stream, the assembly having a low pressure-drop structure. The filtration assembly includes a low-pressure drop chemical filter, a low-pressure drop particulate filter, and an air transportation device, such as a fan or blower, all combined in a housing.

A water filtration system for the removal of bacteria and protozoa as well as certain chemical contaminants which includes a bottle having a top, a bottom and an interior, where the bottle is oriented in an upright attitude when the top is above the bottom. A first filter is disposed in the bottle interior, and a second filter is disposed in the bottle interior downstream from and in series with the first filter. The second filter is formed of a sub-micron hollow fiber membrane filter and includes a filtered water outlet. The first and second filters are configured such that filtered water exits the filtered water outlet with the bottle in the upright attitude.

The invention relates to a so-called zero emission ‘AST-CNR/ITM system’ modular plant for removal of pollutants from flue gases produced by industrial processes. The plant comprises prefabricated modular elements with programmed and automatic operation, easy to mount and assemble on site without undergoing expensive plant stoppage. Each module or ‘reaction tower’ comprises a plurality of sections vertically arranged on top of one another, which carry out the following functions: Removal of particulate matter with treatment and removal of chemical pollutants, such as heavy metals, chlorides, fluorides Treatment and removal of SOx Treatment and removal of NOx Capture of CO₂ Production of hydrogen Production of methanol The various sections may be combined according to the requirements of the plant and of the flue gases to be treated.

The invention provides a multifunctional environment-friendly type indoor air purification device. The multifunctional environment-friendly type indoor air purification device comprises a box body, a control mechanism, a first air detection sensor, a second air detection sensor, a first purification mechanism and a second purification mechanism. The first purification mechanism comprises a rotary shaft, a purification liquid box, a first driving device and a liquid inlet pipe. The rotary shaft is rotationally connected with the bottom of the box body. A ventilation channel is arranged in the rotary shaft. The bottom of the purification liquid box is fixedly connected with the rotary shaft. The side wall of the purification liquid box is provided with a water spraying ring formed by a plurality of spraying heads in the circumferential direction. A flow valve is arranged in each spraying head. The liquid inlet pipe is rotationally connected with the purification liquid box. The first driving device is controlled by the control mechanism and used for driving the purification liquid box to rotate. The second purification mechanism is arranged above the first purification mechanism. The control mechanism is connected with a first movable valve, a second movable valve, the flow valves, the first air detection sensor and the second air detection sensor. According to the multifunctional environment-friendly type indoor air purification device, solid pollutants in air can be removed effectively, and a good removing effect on bacteria and chemical pollutants is also achieved.

The invention discloses a milk protein fiber or filament or blended fabric weaving and dyeing method, which is characterized by the following: releasing fabric tautness at 10-45 percent; adding self-manufactured milk protein fiber dyeing specific adjuvant in the dyeing course; adopting polyacrylonitile or polyvinyl alcohol as carrier; heating slowly in the milk protein fiber glassing temperature at 48 deg.c; contracting step by step; dyeing; controlling the heat temperature; solving the problem of flower color, difference, low color saturation and fastening property.

The present invention is directed to materials for the decontamination of fluids and methods of use thereof. The material and methods find applications in the decontamination of intermediates, chemical contaminants, a biological contaminants, wastewater, industrial effluents, municipal or domestic effluents, agrochemicals, herbicides and/or pharmaceuticals.

The invention discloses an air filter which can be used in fuel cells. The filter comprises a filter shell, a physical filter element and a chemical filter element; the physical filter element is arranged at the position of an air inlet and positioned at the front end of the chemical filter element, the physical filter element is connected with the chemical filter element by a sealing baffle, and the center thereof is provided with a common airflow passage. The filter element of the air filter consists of two parts, one part is used for physically filtering particulate pollutants in the air and the other part is used for chemically filtering harmful chemical gas (NOx, SO2, NH3, CmHn and the like) in the air. The physical filter part takes paper material or non-woven fabrics as a filter element material and the chemical filter part takes a chemical adsorbent as the filter element material. The chemical filter part consists of multilayered structures which respectively adsorb different chemical pollutants, and the chemical filter part is a hollow cone with a specific angle. The structure has the main advantages of sufficient air intake, small intake resistance, even flow speed distribution of the gas in the filter and high filter efficiency.

The invention discloses a long-acting apparatus for purifying indoor air combined pollution, mainly comprising a high voltage electrostatic discharge pole, a dust collection panel, a photocatalysis panel, a ultraviolet light source and regeneration-free activated carbon fiber layer. A draught fan drives airflow into the apparatus, the high voltage electrostatic discharge pole removes particles in the airflow and generates certain content of ozone; an ultraviolet light source kills microorganism in the airflow and generates certain content of ozone, photon, hydroxyl radical free radical etc, meanwhile excites TiO2; the photocatalysis panel removes microorganism, degrades chemical pollutant; the regeneration-free activated carbon fiber layer removes ozone residual and particle unreacted pollutant in the airflow, at last clean air is discharged which implementing long-acting purification of indoor air composite pollutant. The apparatus according to the invention can be used for combined pollution air treatment in enclosed or semi-enclosed human life space.

An adsorption bed arrangement includes a plurality of rigid, shaped adsorption elements within a housing. Each of the shaped adsorption elements includes adsorptive media for removal of chemical contaminants, and preferably includes a binder to retain the adsorptive media in its shape. The adsorption elements are positioned within the housing interior and the housing is selectively openable to provide access to the adsorption elements. A particulate filter, such as with HEPA media, can be included. The particulate filter can be wrapped around a cylindrical rigid shaped adsorption element.