2982 results about "Hydroxyl radical" patented technology

The invention includes processes for combined polymer surface treatment and metal deposition. Processes of the invention include forming an aqueous solution containing a metal activator, such as an oxidized species of silver, cobalt, ruthenium, cerium, iron, manganese, nickel, rhodium, or vanadium. The activator can be suitably oxidized to a higher oxidation state electrochemically. Exposing a part to be plated (such as an organic resin, e.g. a printed circuit board substrate) to the solution enables reactive hydroxyl species (e.g. hydroxyl radicals) to be generated and to texture the polymer surface. Such texturing facilitates good plated metal adhesion. As part of this contacting process sufficient time is allowed for both surface texturing to take place and for the oxidized metal activator to adsorb onto said part. The part is then contacted with a reducing agent capable of reducing the metal activator to a lower ionic form, or a lower oxidation state. That reduction can result in the formation of metallic catalytic material over the surface of the part. The reduced metal activator can then function to catalyze the electroless deposition of metal such as copper from solution by contacting the part with the plating solution.

A photocatalytic/thermocatalytic coating includes an inner layer of metal/titanium dioxide or metal oxide/titanium dioxide that is applied on a honeycomb and an outer layer of titanium dioxide or metal oxide doped titanium dioxide applied on the inner layer. The inner layer of can be gold/titanium dioxide, platinum/titanium dioxide, or manganese oxide/titanium dioxide. The outer layer of titanium dioxide or metal oxide doped titanium dioxide oxides volatile organic compounds to carbon dioxide, water, and other substances. As the outer layer is thin and porous, the contaminants in the air can diffuse through the outer layer and adsorb onto the inner layer. When photons of the ultraviolet light are absorbed by the coating, reactive hydroxyl radicals are formed that oxidize the contaminant to produce water, carbon dioxide, and other substances.

A method of synthesizing a doped carbonaceous material includes mixing a carbon precursor material with at least one dopant to form a homogeneous/heterogeneous mixture; and subjecting the mixture to pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere to obtain the doped carbonaceous material. A method of purifying water includes providing an amount of the doped carbonaceous material in the water as a photocatalyst; and illuminating the water containing the doped carbonaceous material with visible light such that under visible light illumination, the doped carbonaceous material generates excitons (electron-hole pairs) and has high electron affinity, which react with oxygen and water adsorbed on its surface forming reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals, singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, that, in turn, decompose pollutants and micropollutants.

The invention relates to a recycling water saving device of a washing machine, which belongs to the technical field of environmentally-friendly water treatment, comprises a shell, and is characterized in that a recycling water bucket, a water treatment device, a circuit integrated control operation actuator and a control circuit are respectively arranged in the shell, wherein the water treatment device is connected onto the recycling water bucket in parallel, a tap water inlet and a water outlet I of the water saving device are respectively arranged on the upper side of the shell, a water inlet and a water outlet II of the water saving device are respectively arranged on the lower side thereof, and the water treatment device consists of a double pole film and double liquid flow type hydroxyl free-radical generator, an aeration device and a filter unit. The invention comprehensively utilizes the initial discharged washing fluid, keeps the mixed liquid of a first rinsing and a second rinsing to repeatedly wash the clothing, not only the existence and accumulation of the salt content can be neglected, but also the purpose of saving the water resource is achieved. The water saving device is designed into an independent component so as to be compatible to various types of washing machines and detergents. In addition, a program control valve is designed and manufactured to realize the automation of the water saving device.

Disclosed is a novel method for treatment of wastewater containing organic contaminant materials by oxidatively decomposing the contaminant materials by a radical reaction involving hydroxyl radicals. The method comprises passing the wastewater through a wastewater treatment conduit (6) comprising a straightly tubular member (6) and a radical generating part consisting of a truncated pyramidal or conical tubular member (1) having an inner surface layer of titanium dioxide to serve as a positive electrode and connected to the upstream end of the straightly tubular member and a negative electrode rod (4) coaxially held relative to the truncated tubular member and applying a pulsed DC voltage having a rectangular wave form at a specified frequency. The efficiency of wastewater treatment can be improved by providing an ultrasonic part consisting of a truncated tubular member similar (7) to the above and connected to the downstream end of the straightly tubular member and an ultrasonic vibrator (8) mounted thereon to emit pulsed ultrasonic waves.

The invention discloses a textile dyeing wastewater advanced treatment recycling technology. The technology comprises the following steps: filtering to remove textile fibers; cooling; neutralizing, degrading organic matters and decomposing, replacing or degrading (cracking) the chormophoric groups of the organic matters to reduce the chroma of the wastewater; performing biochemical treatment with the biomembrane; precipitating to ensure that the precipitated sludge enters a sludge treatment system and the supernatant enters a flocculation pool; performing chemical treatment, namely adding a medicament in the flocculation pool to remove the suspended matter (SS), CODcr (chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) and chroma of the water; performing secondary precipitation to ensure that the free SS is precipitated and the wastewater is decolored further; separating to remove and degrade the chloride ions of the reuse water; performing secondary biochemical treatment to further reduce the concentrations of the SS, CODcr and BOD in wastewater; performing ozone oxidation treatment, decoloring, degrading organic matters; performing chemical treatment to remove insoluble dye materials and SS and reduce the COD and chroma; and performing secondary filtration, and forming an ozone/activated carbon system to ensure that the hydroxyl radicals of activated carbon are used and the organic reaction in wastewater is adopted to decolor and degrade organic matters. The invention overcomes the defects of the existing physical method, chemical method and chemical method treatment technologies; and the technology has been used in many enterprises, and the good treatment effects are obtained.

Systems and methods for generating reactive oxygen species formulations useful in various oxidation applications. Exemplary formulations include singlet oxygen or superoxide and can also contain hydroxyl radicals or hydroperoxy radicals, among others. Formulations can contain other reactive species, including other radicals. Exemplary formulations containing peracids are activated to generate singlet oxygen. Exemplary formulations include those containing a mixture of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Exemplary formulations include those in which one or more components of the formulation are generated electrochemically. Formulations of the invention containing reactive oxygen species can be further activated to generate reactive oxygen species using activation chosen from a Fenton or Fenton-like catalyst, ultrasound, ultraviolet radiation or thermal activation. Exemplary applications of the formulations of the invention among others include: cleaning in place applications, water treatment, soil decontamination and flushing of well casings and water distribution pipes.

This invention is a modular, adjustable, easy to maintain, portable or fixed food sanitation tunnel, comprising an enclosing means for subjecting food to sanitizers including UV light, ozone, hydroperoxides, superoxides and hydroxyl radicals, and a method for using the system. The enclosing means includes one or more UV radiation sources and one or more target rods located within a tunnel, such as a c-shaped shell. The UV radiation sources are preferably UV light sources that emit UV light of approximately 185 to 254 nm. The target rods are approximately up to 0–30% titanium dioxide, up to 0–30% silver and up to 0–30% copper, by weight. The system may include a mister for the efficient production of hydroxyl radicals by the UV light sources. Parts of the system are easily removable for cleaning and for maintenance. Also, in an alternative embodiment, the tunnel is located on a frame, and the frame is on wheels.

The invention relates to a visible light photocatalytic film and a preparation method thereof and a lighting lamp with the visible light photocatalytic film, the lighting lamp comprises a casing, a LED (light-emitting diode) light source arranged on the casing, and a netted lampshade arranged on the outer side of the LED light source, the surface of the netted lampshade is coated with the visible light photocatalytic film doped with a quantum dot material and a semiconductor material. The netted lampshade can achieve air circulation, and improves the purification effect of air; the quantum dot material can make the absorption spectrum of the semiconductor material broadening and redshifting, so that absorbed light shifts from ultraviolet range to visible light range, the absorption of visible light is facilitated, and the lighting lamp is more secure; the visible light photocatalytic thin film absorbs the visible light in the LED light source , and then forms electrical acupunctures and free electrons on the surface of the quantum dot material, the electrical acupunctures and the free electrons are combined with water and oxygen in the air for redox reaction and formation of strongly oxidative hydroxyl radicals and active ions on the surface, so that organic matters and harmful gases and other materials in the air are decomposed to achieve the air purification, sterilization, deodorization and mildewproof effects.

Sterilisation apparatus arranged controllably to generate and emit hydroxyl radicals. The apparatus includes an applicator which receives RF or microwave energy, gas and water mist in a hydroxyl radical generating region. The impedance at the hydroxyl radical generating region is controlled to be high to promote creation of an ionisation discharge which in turn generates hydroxyl radicals when water mist is present. The applicator may be a coaxial assembly or waveguide. A dynamic tuning mechanism e.g. integrated in the applicator may control the impedance at the hydroxyl radical generating region. The mist and/or gas and/or energy delivery means may be integrated with each other.

The invention discloses an efficient wastewater treating process based on Fenton reaction, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of wastewater to be treated to 3-5; adding H2O2, mixing and stirring; adding FeSO4.7H2O by batch, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to be treated to 3-5 before adding the FeSO4.7H2O every time, and stirring for 3-10min after adding the FeSO4.7H2O every time; adjusting the pH value of the treated wastewater to 7.5-8; adding flocculating agent, and removing flocculated sediment. The invention quantitatively adds dosage according to the wastewater condition, solves the problem that the treatment effect is influenced because of poor or excessive medicine, improves the use efficiency through adding ferrite by batch, lowers the consumption of the medicine and the sludge quantity, reduces the process procedure of treating residual H2O because of no residual of H2O, controls the hydroxy radical quantity produced immediately by adding H2O in batch, and effectively treats high-COD and difficult-degradation organic wastewater.

The invention relates to a set of electrocatalytic strong oxidizer materials, comprising a nano-function anode material which compounds nano oxide particles and catalyzes metal nano particles on a titanium substrate, and a nano-function cathode material which takes titanium or stainless steel as a substrate and introduces transition metal nano-particles on the surface thereof. By the electro-catalytic advanced oxidation technology, under the catalytic action of electrocatalytic strong oxidizer materials, water body can generate a hydroxyl radical with strong oxidizing performance and an oxygen radical; and if a chloride ion exists in water, hypochlorite can be generated. Under the joint action of a plurality of types of strong oxidizers, the algae cells in the water body and various harmful bacteria can be killed; and simultaneously the ammonia in water and the water-soluble organic matters can be degraded, so the goal of purifying water is achieved. According to the electrocatalytic advanced oxidation theory, the electrocatalytic strong oxidizer materials does not need to add any chemical agent when in application, does not have secondary pollution, and has good safety, high efficiency and low energy consumption.

This invention is based on the observed oxidative stress and increased risk on cardiovascular diseases in subjects with increased lipid peroxidation, in particular with women using oral contraceptives and in hormone replacement therapies. The invention provides compositions and combinations, particularly useful in preventing and or reducing the increased lipid peroxidation in subjects in need thereof. These compositions are based on the synergistic combination of zinc and/or a hydroxyl radical scavenger in reducing lipid peroxidation.

The invention belongs to the field of chemical materials, and particularly relates to a FeS and Fe0 composite and a preparation method and application thereof. The FeS and Fe0 composite is formed by compositing nano FeS and nano Fe0, the surface of the nano Fe0 is coated with the nano FeS, and the molar ratio of the nano FeS to the nano Fe0 is 2:1 to 15:1. According to the FeS and Fe0 composite and the preparation method and application thereof, the preparation process is simple, convenient, environmentally friendly and feasible, the prepared FeS and Fe0 composite is high in reaction activity, capable of efficiently and rapidly reducing and adsorbing heavy metal ions in waste water within a wider temperature range, a pH value range and a dissolved oxygen content range and further capable of rapidly and efficiently activating hydrogen peroxide and persulfate to make a system generate hydroxyl free radicals and sulfate free radicals to degrade and mineralize organic pollutants, and therefore the FeS and Fe0 composite can be widely applied to degradation of the organic pollutants in surface water and underground water.

A tungsten oxide/titanium dioxide photocatalyst coating oxidizes contaminants in the air that adsorb onto the coating into water, carbon dioxide, and other substances. The tungsten oxide forms a monolayer on the titanium dioxide. When photons of the ultraviolet light are absorbed by the tungsten oxide/titanium dioxide photocatalyst coating, an electron is promoted from the valence band to the conduction band, producing a hole in the valence band. The holes in the valence band react with water applied on the tungsten oxide/titanium dioxide photocatalyst coating, forming reactive hydroxyl radicals. When a contaminant in the air is adsorbed onto the tungsten oxide/titanium dioxide photocatalyst, the hydroxyl radical attacks the contaminant, abstracting a hydrogen atom from the contaminant. The hydroxyl radical oxidizes the contaminant, producing water, carbon dioxide, and other substances. The tungsten oxide/titanium dioxide photocatalytic coating has low sensitivity to humidity variations.

A method of sterilisation and decontamination comprises the steps of producing a humidified environment having a relative humidity which is higher than ambient humidity; discharging ozone into the humidified environment; and then introducing an aromatic hydrocarbon into the humidified environment to preferentially react with the discharged ozone to form hydroxyl radicals. Apparatus is also provided for use with the method.

Polysaccharide aldehydes are prepared using selective oxidation involving the use of nitroxyl radical mediated aqueous oxidation with a limited amount of oxidant and defined reaction conditions. These polysaccharide aldehyde derivatives having maximum effective aldehyde and minimal carboxylic acid levels making them especially useful as wet, temporary wet and dry strength additives for paper.

A process for the catalytic oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants as well as unsaturated compounds present in a hydrocarbon fossil oil medium is described, the process comprising effecting the oxidation in the presence of at least one peroxide, at least one acid and a pulverized raw iron oxide. The process shows an improved oxidation power towards the contaminants typically present in a fossil oil medium, this deriving from the combination of the peroxy-acid and the hydroxyl radical generated in the reaction medium due to the presence of an iron oxyhydroxide such as a limonite clay, which bears a particular affinity for the oil medium. The process finds use in various applications, from a feedstock for refining until the preparation of deeply desulfurized and deeply denitrified products.

The invention belongs to the art of electrochemical oxidization. Disclosed is an electrolytic treatment system for shipboard ballast water, by electrolyzing the shipboard ballast water directly in the electrolytic treater, highly-effective oxidant which contains one or more among Cl2, HClO molecule, ClO2, free oxygen and hydroxyl radical, being generated, and by the force of electric field, the creature in shipboard ballast water being killed or deactivated. The online detective element measures the concentration of the generated oxidant and sends an electrical signal to an electrical power controller, which can adjust by said signal the electrolytic voltage or adjust treatment flow capacity by changing the opening of the valve when the ballast pump is a centrifugal pump, to keep the concentration of the oxidant in a right range. The invention can effectively remove microcosmic salt out of seawater, reduce the content of COD and TOD in seawater, and increase the dissolved oxygen in seawater. It improves the quality of seawater.

The invention discloses hydrophobic chitosan-silicon dioxide composite aerogel and a preparation method and oil absorption application of the hydrophobic chitosan-silicon dioxide composite aerogel. The preparation method comprises the steps that a silicon source precursor is added into chitosan liquid and subjected to hydrolysis and condensation polymerization gradually to form viscous composite sol, wherein a large number of hydroxyl radicals and amino radicals in chitosan provide a large quantity of active sites, and the active sites serve as a supporting framework to participate in forming of a whole gel network structure; the composite sol is subjected to further ageing, the network structure is stabilized, and then composite gel is obtained; the composite gel is dried, solvents in the gel is removed, and then chitosan-silicon dioxide composite aerogel is obtained; the chitosan-silicon dioxide composite aerogel is subjected to hydrophobic modification through the vapor deposition method, modifying agent steam deposits on the surface of the chitosan-silicon dioxide composite aerogel at a constant temperature, and finally the hydrophobic chitosan-silicon dioxide composite aerogel is obtained. The preparation process is simple, raw materials are easy to get, and the prepared composite aerogel is low in density and high in porosity and has good hydrophobicity and lipophilicity and efficient oil absorption capacity.