16 results about "Cholinergic cells" patented technology

The subject matter described here relates to an enhancer specific to a subset of cholinergic neurons, that can control gene expression in a highly neuron-specific manner, wherein the enhancer is compatible with AAVs packaging and can induce gene expression or knockdown in cholinergic neurons in both post-natal and adult subjects.

This invention relates to the field of organic small molecule fluorescent probe technology, specifically to a neuron-specific dual-targeting fluorescent probe targeting the AChR of cholinergic neurons and its applications. The fluorescent probe, whose structure follows general formula I, is characterized by its dual-targeting structure, making it particularly suitable for the identification and labeling of cholinergic neurons. Furthermore, this fluorescent probe exhibits significant advantages in multiple application scenarios, such as cell imaging, protein and organelle labeling, tumor-specific recognition, and photodynamic therapy, with its potential application value in neuroimaging being particularly prominent. This fluorescent probe is expected to advance the development of neurobiology, disease diagnosis, and treatment methods, and has promising application prospects.

The invention discloses a method for inducing human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into neurons or cholinergic neurons, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking the human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, culturing, and collecting the cells to prepare a cell suspension when the cell adheres to the wall and grows until the density is 80-85%; (2) uniformly spreading the cell suspension in a culture dish, culturing under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 5% CO2, adding a culture medium containing induction factors, and culturing for 3 days under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 5% CO2; the induction factor is selected from the following components: RA, melatonin, bFGF, NT-3, Shh, BDNF and beta-ME. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the use concentration of the induction factor is defined, the differentiation rate is high, and a low-cost and high-efficiency operation method is provided for research on in-vitro directional induction of the human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. The method disclosed by the invention has important significance and application potential in research on obtaining neurons or cholinergic neurons through in-vitro induced differentiation.

The invention relates to methods and compositions for developing basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) from stem cells, and in particular, BFCNs having repaired electrophysiological defects relating to one or more mutations in PSEN2, and to the use of such BFCNs in cell-based therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure also relates to compositions of cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons, and their precursors, that are highly enriched and can be used in variety of application. These cells can be used therapeutically to treat neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.

Disclosed herein are methods of treating cancers of the central nervous system (e.g. CNS tumors) in a subject involving providing to the subject a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 and / or a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 antagonist to the subject. Further disclosed herein are co-cultures comprising cholinergic neurons and glioma cells that may be used for therapy screening / testing, and methods of producing the same.

The invention relates to the field of biomedicine, in particular to a construction method and application of an ALS mouse model with mitochondrial function damage. A mouse model with the genotype of Romo1flox / flox ChatCre + is constructed through a Cre / loxP system, after expression of CRE recombinase in cholinergic neurons is activated by the mouse model, Romo1 genes are selectively knocked out, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is spontaneously induced. The ALS mouse model constructed by the invention can be used for researching the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, screening potential therapeutic drugs and estimating the curative effect and safety of the drugs.

The present invention discloses the use of purple sweet potato pigment in the preparation of an induced stem cell neural differentiation product, which belongs to the field of biomedicine technology. The stem cell is a mesenchymal stem cell. The mesenchymal stem cell is a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell. The neural differentiation is differentiation into acetylcholine neurons. The induced stem cell neural differentiation product includes a drug that induces stem cells to differentiate into neurons or a culture medium that induces stem cells to differentiate into neurons. The induction method is: pretreating stem cells with a growth factor mixture, and then adding purple sweet potato pigment to promote the differentiation of stem cells into neurons. The concentration of the purple sweet potato pigment is 50~100μg / mL. Through research, the present invention found that purple sweet potato anthocyanins can increase miR-223-3p, target Atg2b, inhibit the development of autophagy, and then induce BMSCs to differentiate into cholinergic neurons.

It has been found that the presence of cholinergic T cells is important for an effective immune response against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These results demonstrate a new aspect of modulating cancer immune surveillance by immune cell-derived neurotransmitters and elucidate their effect in supporting cells to produce anti-tumor responses. Methods of treating HCC in a subject in need thereof are disclosed. Generally, the methods involve treating a subject with a therapy effective to increase acetylcholine levels in T cells. Also disclosed are methods in which a subject is treated with an anti-PD-1 immunotherapy when the determined cholinergic T cell level in the subject is high, or a subject is prevented from being treated with an anti-PD-1 immunotherapy when the determined cholinergic T cell level in the subject is low.

The invention discloses application of salidroside in improvement of Alzheimer's disease by neural stem cell transplantation. The salidroside promotes NSC to be differentiated into cholinergic neurons, inhibits excessive proliferation of glial cells, regulates and controls the polarization state of microglial cells, and improves cell survival and memory functions after NSC transplantation. Salidroside regulates and controls SIRT3 expression in microglial cells, promotes NSC to be differentiated to cholinergic neurons, and inhibits differentiation of the microglial cells; meanwhile, by up-regulating SIRT3 expression, regulating and controlling the polarization state of the microglia, inhibiting activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes, promoting polarization of the microglia from M1 type to M2 type, and playing an anti-inflammatory role. By means of salidroside treatment, the cell survival rate and activity of APP / PS1 mice after NSC transplantation are remarkably improved, the cognitive function and anxiety behavior are improved, and the A beta deposition number and plaque area of the hippocampus area are reduced. The invention provides a new thought for preparing a new medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease.

The invention discloses an MXene / enzyme modified acetylcholine nano microelectrode and application of the MXene / enzyme modified acetylcholine nano microelectrode in analysis of acetylcholine released by a single vesicle. The MXene / enzyme modified acetylcholine nano microelectrode constructed by the invention is used for analysis of acetylcholine released by the single vesicle. The method sequentially comprises the following steps: construction of an acetylcholine nano microelectrode, preparation of an acetylcholine artificial vesicle, extraction and culture of mouse primary cholinergic neurons, and release detection of acetylcholine in a single vesicle. A new thought and a new method are provided for monitoring the release condition of the acetylcholine single vesicles at the single cell level, and the method has important significance in studying nervous system development, understanding the physiological and pathological processes of nervous system diseases and regulating rules in treatment.

Methods for electrical modulation of inflammation or serum TNF levels in a subject.

The present invention provides a milk casein hydrolyzate and its preparation method and application. The composition of the milk casein hydrolyzate of the present invention includes at least one of the peptide segment 1 with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, the peptide segment 2 with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the peptide segment 3 with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3. The milk casein hydrolyzate has good neuronal protection and repair effects, can improve cholinergic neuron and dopaminergic neuron damage; can inhibit Aβ protein deposition, thereby alleviating neuronal synaptic disorders, neuronal apoptosis and brain damage caused by Aβ protein deposition; can improve cholinergic defects, thereby alleviating neurodevelopmental impairment, behavioral and motor disorders caused by cholinergic defects; can also repair damaged neurons in the hippocampus and hypothalamus, thereby maintaining a stable brain environment.

A method and kit for differentiating cholinergic neurons based on traditional Chinese medicine ingredients is disclosed. The method comprises: using a first culture medium containing a small molecule agent to induce human induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into neuroectodermal stage cells; using a second culture medium containing a Hedgehog pathway activator to induce the neuroectodermal cells to differentiate into medial ganglionic eminence cells; and using a third culture medium containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients to induce the medial ganglionic eminence cells to differentiate into mature cholinergic neurons. The traditional Chinese medicine ingredients include polydatin, paeoniflorin, salidroside, and stilbene glycoside. This method is highly efficient and low-cost while being practical. Cell morphology and marker gene expression confirm that the method results in targeted and efficient differentiation into cholinergic neurons. This provides a more convenient, rapid, and effective cell source solution for various cholinergic neuron-based research.

This invention provides an oligosaccharide composition for improving neurodevelopment and functional disorders, comprising 6'-sialyl lactose and lactose-N-trisaccharide. The oligosaccharide composition provided by this invention can effectively inhibit the accumulation of Aβ protein, which leads to neuronal synaptic disorders, neuronal apoptosis, brain damage, and functional disorders. Therefore, the oligosaccharide composition provided by this invention can protect nerves and improve functional disorders. Furthermore, the oligosaccharide composition provided by this invention can also inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, protect the normal development of cholinergic neurons, and increase neurotransmitter levels, thus benefiting the improvement of neurodevelopment, learning and memory abilities, and the improvement of behavioral coordination in infants and young children.

The invention discloses application of purple sweet potato pigment in preparation of a product for inducing neural differentiation of stem cells, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine. The stem cells are mesenchymal stem cells. The mesenchymal stem cells are bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The neural differentiation is differentiation to acetylcholinergic neurons. The product for inducing neural differentiation of the stem cells comprises a medicine for inducing the stem cells to be differentiated into neurons or a culture medium for inducing the stem cells to be differentiated into the neurons. The induction method comprises the following steps: pretreating the stem cells with a growth factor mixed solution, and then adding purple sweet potato pigment to promote the stem cells to differentiate into neurons. The concentration of the purple sweet potato pigment is 50-100 [mu] g / mL. Researches find that the purple sweet potato anthocyanin can target Atg2b and inhibit autophagy development by increasing miR-223-3p, and then BMSCs are induced to be differentiated into cholinergic neurons.