103 results about "Nerve agent" patented technology

The present invention provides for non-invasive treatment of nerve agent poisoning by administering nerve agent neutralizing enzymes to the pulmonary epithelium of a subject, by inhalation, where they accumulate within the lungs. Localization of such enzymes in the pulmonary epithelium results in neutralization of the nerve agents at the lungs. As a result, nerve agents move by diffusion out of the blood through the pulmonary capillaries, duc to the organophosphorus nerve agents rapid diffusion across the cell membranes of the body via diffusion, down their concentration gradients. The present invention presents a practical method of administering nerve agent neutralizing enzymes, without requiring passage into the blood plasma, and without requiring blood plasma activity of the enzyme.

The present invention relates to the preparation of metal chelate complexes immobilized on a support, immobilized metal chelate complexes and methods of using the supports and immobilized metal chelate complexes for the adsorption and/or hydrolysis of phosphate esters. More specifically, processes for the preparation of immobilized metal chelate complexes by attachment of metal chelate complexes to solids, polymers, micelles, liposomes, tubules and other self-organized polymolecular associations immobilized metal chelate complexes made by such processes and use of the supports and immobilized metal chelate complexes for the adsorption and/or hydrolysis of phosphate ester group containing compounds such as chemical warfare nerve agents and pesticides, are disclosed. The present invention provides the ability to efficiently decontaminate phosphate ester compounds under a wide range of conditions in a practical and cost-effective manner.

A device for measuring and detecting the organophosphonis compounds, such as a pesticides or a nerve agents is provided. The devices function by selectively binding an organophosphorous compound to a luminescent functionality-imprinted copolymer. The copolymers possess a securely bound luminescent lanthamide ion, such as Eu³⁺, in a coordination complex that has been templated for the chemical functionality.

Disclosed are modified red blood cells which function as deployment platforms for important biomolecules. Such modified red blood cells can confer, for example, in vivo protection against exposure to an otherwise lethal nerve agent.

A novel targeting peptide from the C-terminal of endothelin and/or a novel fusogenic peptide from hemagglutinin are optionally conjugated to the carboxy group of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-succinate and incorporated into liposomes for therapeutic treatment. The novel targeting peptide directs liposomes to lung cells, and, therefore, is useful for delivering liposomes encapsulating cholinesterase genes, particularly, the human serum butyryl cholinesterase (Hu BChE) gene, as a treatment against nerve agents. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader quickly to ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the appended issued claims. 37 CFR §1.72(b).

Disclosed are methods for the preparation and use of labeled AChE and labeled AChE inhibitory conjugate compositions for detecting accumulation of toxic materials such as organophosphates, insecticides, and other nerve agents. Also disclosed are methods for the use of labeled AChE and labeled AChE inhibitory conjugate compositions in a variety of areas, including the detecting of toxic materials in biological samples, in the area of food and water analysis, in environmental monitoring, and in industrial settings.

A chemical agent detection system is provided that includes a fluid sampling collector suitable for the collecting, concentrating, filtering and storing of chemical agents. Preferably a solid phase extraction syringe is coupled to an adaptor via an injection port. The adaptor forms an outer surface of a sample containment reservoir that allows the fluid sampling collector to associate with a chemical agent detector such as the M256A2 chemical agent detector. The inventive chemical agent detection system allows rapid, low level on-site detection of chemical agents such as nerve agents in fluid media.

The invention belongs to the field of organic semiconductor nanomaterials, and concretely relates to an organic fluorescent sensing material capable of selectively detecting a nerve agent, and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention prepares the organic fluorescent sensing material capable of selectively detecting the nerve agent. A series of P type organic fluorescent sensing materials based on carbazole molecules synthesize to form a structure of a carbazole derivative with different side chains through changing side chains of the carbazole molecules and a polymerization degree thereof, and a one-dimensional organic semiconductor nanowire is obtained through a self-assembly method, namely the organic fluorescent sensing material capable of selectively detecting the nerve agent. The nanowire provided by the invention has the characteristics of large specific surface area, more surface porosity and the like, the nerve agent to be detected is favorably adsorbed and diffused on the surface of the nanowire, and a detection limit is greatly reduced. Therefore, the organic fluorescent sensing material provided by the invention can be used as a fluorescence sensor with an excellent performance capable of recognizing the nerve agent.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for sorbing (e.g., adsorption and chemisorption) and destroying organophosphate chemical agents. In certain embodiments, the invention contemplates the use of finely divided, modified nanoscale metal oxide particles. In one embodiment, a suspension of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles modified with 2-pralidoxime or its polymeric analog, poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-phenacyloxime-co-acrylic acid), catalyzes the hydrolysis of organophosphate compounds at a neutral pH. The oxime-modified magnetite particles serve as a nano-sized particulate carrier with a powerful α-nucleophile, an oximate group, immobilized on its surface. The oxime-modified magnetite nanoparticles are colloidally stable at neutral pH and they are readily recovered from the aqueous milieu by high-gradient magnetic separation methods.

The present invention includes compositions that are useful in treating, ameliorating, or preventing nerve agent poisoning. The present invention also includes methods of preventing, treating or ameliorating nerve agent poisoning in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition of the invention. The present invention also includes methods of preventing, treating or ameliorating a seizure induced by a disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition of the invention. The present invention also comprises a kit comprising compositions of the invention.

This invention provides a process for the detoxification of chemical agents including chemical warfare agents such as sulfur mustards, nitrogen mustards, nerve agents of G and V type, lewisite and adamsite by reacting the chemical agents with hydroxyl radicals at a pH greater than 7.0 to detoxify the agents and to render them suitable for disposal. The process can be used on-site and can be easily scaled to fairly large sizes.

The present invention relates to a method of detoxifying a liquid chemical agent using a metal organic framework having a surface modified with a basic amine-based compound. More particularly, a surface-modified metal organic framework having the amine-based compound deposited on a surface thereof and in pores thereof or bonded to the inside of a frame is prepared, and when the surface-modified metal organic framework comes into contact with the liquid chemical agent, a reaction with moisture in the atmosphere occurs, thus removing the liquid chemical agent through a hydrolysis reaction. It is possible to simultaneously detoxify various chemical agents such as a nerve agent and a vesicant, thus assuring a high detoxification effect on liquid chemical agents at room temperature even when using a small amount thereof.

A sample analysis device used to detect a level of exposure of organophosphorus within a sample comprising a sample collection pad, at least one conjugate zone comprising an anti-analyte antibody that is conjugated with a reporter label, and a control antibody that is conjugated with a reporter label, a blocking and/or test zone comprising an immobilized nanoparticle or other molecule that captures the Organophosphate-bound analyte, a second blocking and/or test zone comprising an immobilized antibody that binds to the unbound analyte and an optional third blocking and/or control zone comprising an immobilized antibody that binds to the control molecule wherein, when the analyte is bound by the Organophosphate in the sample it will bind to the first test line, and if the analyte is “free’ from the Organophosphate it will bind to the second test line, and the control antibody will bind to the control line.

Apparatus and methods featuring a sensor (10) having dual-sensing motifs. The sensor (10) includes an entrant medium (12), a thin metal film layer (14), sensing elements (16), and a fluorescent molecule (18) associated with the sensing elements (16). A target molecule (20) is captured by the sensing elements (16), and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SRP) and fluorescent detection are employed. The apparatus and methods were tested for the detection of Pinacolyl methylphosphanate (PMP), a simulant for nerve agent Soman.

The system and method of pupil size independent pupillometry used for assessing critical diagnostic characteristics relating to neurotransmission and neuroactivity as applied to toxin exposure. The system and method utilizes the timing of a response to stimuli for a pupil of an individual, characterizes the timed responses, determines the latency of the timed responses, measures the minimum constriction value for the timed responses; and assesses the timed responses collected to diagnose changes in neurotransmission and neuroactivity for an individual exposed to organophosphate (OP) nerve agents or botulinum toxin (BTX).

This invention relates to a method for detoxication of inorganic or organic esters including OP nerve agents, cocaine, and respective analogs. More specifically, this invention pertains to the treatment of potentially neurotoxic esters or other ester groups by elaborating a more effective hydrolytic enzyme for therapeutic application. The structures of the synthesized OP analogs are provided. This invention also provides a diagnostic method and an Array Biosensor for detecting OP agents in biological and environmental samples.

The present invention provides methods and devices for detecting and identifying toxins, including but not limited to organophosphorus nerve agents and/or organophosphorus pesticides, in a sample. One embodiment of the present invention comprises a method for identifying an organophosphorus nerve agent and/or an organophosphorus pesticide, comprising: exposing a group of enzymes comprising human carboxylesterase 1, at least one mutant of human carboxylesterase 1, and acetylcholinesterase to a sample, wherein the enzymes are separate from each other and each enzyme binds at least one organophosphorus nerve agent or at least one organophosphorus pesticide; contacting the exposed enzymes with a fluid comprising an oxime and a substrate; and detecting a signal produced upon reaction of the substrate and the exposed enzymes, whereby detection of the signal identifies the organophosphorus nerve agent and/or the organophosphorus pesticide.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for detecting, identifying and measuring the abundance of chemical nerve agents. Methods and compositions of the present invention are capable of providing selective detection of phosphorous based nerve agents, such as nerve agents that are esters of methyl phosphonic acid derivatives incorporating a moderately good leaving group at the phosphorus. Selectivity in the present invention is provided by a sensor composition having an alpha (α) effect nucleophile group that undergoes specific nucleophilic substitution and rearrangement reactions with phosphorus based nerve agents having a tetrahederal phosphorous bound to oxygen. The present invention includes embodiments employing a sensor composition further comprising a reporter group covalently linked to the alpha effect nucleophile group allowing rapid optical readout of nerve agent detection events, including direct visual readout and optical readout via spectroscopic analysis.

The present application provides methods of preventing and treating the toxic effects of exposure to organophosphate agents. In embodiments, targeted cationic liposome complexes delivering nucleic acid molecules encoding butyrylcholinesterase and a polyproline rich peptide are administered. Suitably, the administration is via inhalation or via aerosol. Also provided are cationic liposome complexes and methods of making the complexes for such administration.

The invention discloses an enzymatic performance improved methyl parathion hydrolase mutant and application thereof. Wild-type enzymatic performance improved methyl parathion hydrolase is targetedly modified, mutation in vitro and expression to OPHC2 are performed by combining with a protein structure calculation and stimulation technology and a molecular biology technology, and kinetic parameters and the stability of protease are detected by applying biochemical means, so that a mutant V117HQ119E with remarkably improved thermal stability and substrate affinity and a mutant F263W with remarkably improved catalytic efficiency and improved stability in a surfactant are obtained through screening, wherein amino acid sequences of the mutant V117HQ119E and the mutant F263W are shown as SEQ ID No. 2 and SEQ ID No. 4 respectively. The enzymatic performance improved methyl parathion hydrolase mutant remarkably improves the enzymatic performance of the OPHC2, widens the application field and the action efficiency of the OPHC2 and has a wide application prospect on the aspects of degradation of an organophosphorus pesticide, organism detoxication, washing and disinfection of a nerve agent and the like.