The invention discloses a synthetic method of a floating agent of organophosphorous compound and the organophosphorous floating agent, belonging to the technical field of mineral separation. The synthetic method comprises the steps of: taking phosphorus trichloride as a phosphorus source, dissolving parahydroxyben-zaldehyde in ethanol, slowly dropping excess propylamine, reacting at room temperature, then obtaining product imine, using the mixture of the phosphorus trichloride and petroleum ether to prepare phosphite ester in a mixing liquid of the ethanol and the petroleum ether, then using the phosphite ester, the imine and anhydrous ether to prepare the mixture of phosphoramidic acid, imine, small amount of phosphite ester and solvent ether, and then conducting distillation, column chromatography and separation to obtain the organophosphorous floating agent phosphoramidic acid, therefore the method obtains 20 types of phosphoramidic acid compounds, and from which, 2-3 efficient and novel organophosphorous floating agents can be selected for use. The invention has simple synthetic method, easy operation and short period, and the obtained organophosphorous floating agent is widely applied to mineral dressing due to special structure thereof.