The invention belongs to the technical field of
cellulose acetate preparation, and discloses
cellulose monoacetate,
cellulose diacetate or
cellulose triacetate and a low-cost rapid preparation method thereof. The low-cost rapid preparation method of cellulose monoacetate,
cellulose diacetate or
cellulose triacetate comprises the following steps: adding a cellulose
raw material, an
alcohol substance,
toluene and deionized water into
zirconium oxide balls to obtain a prepared product, carrying out ball milling treatment on the prepared product under the protection of
nitrogen, adjusting ball milling parameters to obtain a ball milling product with a low substitution degree or a high substitution degree, and carrying out high-speed ball milling on the ball milling product with the low substitution degree or the high substitution degree to obtain the cellulose monoacetate,
cellulose diacetate or
cellulose triacetate. Washing a ball-milled product, then performing
vacuum drying to obtain carboxylated cellulose with low substitution degree or high substitution degree, sequentially adding the carboxylated cellulose with low substitution degree or high substitution degree into an alkaline
aqueous solution and an
acetate compound to perform
transesterification, and sequentially performing washing, vacuum
filtration and
vacuum drying on a
transesterification product to obtain carboxylated cellulose with low substitution degree or high substitution degree. The cellulose monoacetate, the
cellulose diacetate or the cellulose triacetate is obtained; the production cost can be reduced, and the preparation efficiency is remarkably improved.