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Methods for therapy of neurodegenerative disease of the brain

a neurodegenerative disease and brain technology, applied in the field of brain neurodegenerative disease treatment methods, can solve the problems of unidentified effective delivery methods and dosing parameters, unfavorable clinical treatment, and inability to achieve clinical administration of neurotrophins, so as to avoid potential adverse effects

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-10-25
RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0010] This targeted, regionally specific protocol for nervous system growth factor delivery avoids limitations imposed by diffusion of substances across the blood-brain barrier and through central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma, while avoiding potential adverse effects of neurotrophic factors delivered intact in a non-directed manner to the CNS.

Problems solved by technology

However, the search for a protocol for delivery of neurotrophins to target tissues with minimal side effects (e.g., from diffusion to non-targeted cells or immune reaction to the delivery vehicle) and sufficient penetration of the CNS (e.g., bypassing the blood-brain barrier and achieving chronic delivery of neurotrophin to target cells) has not yet revealed a clear path for clinical administration of neurotrophins.
In particular, effective delivery methods and dosing parameters have not yet been identified, although several methods have been proposed.
Therefore, although the prospects for therapy of neurodegenerative disease of the brain and CNS are believed to be bright, a successful clinical protocol remains elusive.

Method used

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  • Methods for therapy of neurodegenerative disease of the brain
  • Methods for therapy of neurodegenerative disease of the brain
  • Methods for therapy of neurodegenerative disease of the brain

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example i

Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Construction and Viral Particle Production

[0064] For adeno-associated viral vector construction, an expression cassette was cloned containing the following elements: 1) cytomegalovirus promoter (CMVie); 2) a multiple cloning site; 3) an internal ribosome entry site followed by the coding sequence for the active, 1-sequence of human nerve growth factor (NGF) or the enhanced form of green fluorescent protein (EGFP); and, 4) a SV40 polyadenylation sequence.

[0065] The complete cassette was cloned into the vector psub201 (American Type Culture Collection) after XbaI digestion to remove the AAV coding sequences. For NGF expression the coding sequence for human NGF (see, GENBANK Accession No. X52599) was inserted into the multiple cloning site of psub-CXIE resulting in the vector psub-CXIE-NGF. This vector, termed psub-CXIE, was used to prepare control GFP expressing virus particles. Thus, this vector was used for the production of particles coding for NGF a...

example ii

In Vivo Gene Transfer in an Animal Model of Cholinergic Cell Death

[0067] Animals received injections of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector into an in vivo rat model of cholinergic cell death; to determine the extent and parameters of AAV-NGF vector delivery to prevent neuronal degeneration using in vivo gene delivery. To prepare the animal model, adult Fischer 344 rats underwent fornix transections to induce basal forebrain cholinergic neuronal death. NGF-AAV vector (CXIE-NGF) or control, EGFP-AAV vector (CXIE) was injected into the cholinergic basal forebrain at a range of 2.5 to 10 μl of stock vector solution containing from 1010-1012 particles per ml (neurotrophic composition). Particles were injected over a time period of 3-5 min. into the right hemisphere at the following coordinates: AP −0.3; ML −0.5; DV −6 from brain surface. The skin was closed and animals were allowed to survive for 2-4 weeks.

[0068] AAV vector delivery induced increasing zones of transfection with increa...

example iii

Model of Alzheimer's Disease Through Aging in Primates

[0070] Twelve aged and four adult non-aged Macaca mulatta (rhesus) monkeys were experimental subjects. Non-aged animals (n=4, mean age=9.64±1.90 yrs) did not undergo surgical procedures and their intact brains were studied. Aged monkeys were divided into two experimental groups: NGF recipients (n=6, mean age=22.55±0.56 yrs) and control subjects (n=6, mean age=23.51±1.07 yrs). All procedures and animal care adhered strictly to NIH, AAALAC, USDA, Society for Neuroscience, and internal institutional guidelines (of the University of California, San Diego) for experimental animal health, safety and comfort.

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Abstract

A specific clinical protocol for use toward therapy of defective, diseased and damaged cholinergic neurons in the mammalian brain, of particular usefulness for treatment of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. The protocol is practiced by delivering a definite concentration of recombinant neurotrophin into, or within close proximity of, identified defective, diseased or damaged brain cells. Using a viral vector, the concentration of neurotrophin delivered as part of a neurotrophic composition varies from 1010 to 1015 neurotrophin encoding viral particles / ml of composition fluid. Each delivery site receives form 2.5 μl to 25 μl of neurotrophic composition delivered slowly, as in over a period of time ranging upward of 10 minutes / delivery site. Each delivery site is at, or within 500 μm of, a targeted cell, and no more than about 10 mm from another delivery site. Stable in situ neurotrophin expression can be achieved for 12 months, or longer.

Description

RELATED U.S. PATENT APPLICATIONS [0001] This is a continuation-in-part of, and claims the priority of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09 / 060,543, which was filed on Apr. 15, 1998, and is pending.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The invention relates to methods for treatment of neurodegenerative disease and methods for delivery of therapeutic neurotrophins into the mammalian brain. HISTORY OF THE RELATED ART [0003] Neurotrophins play a physiological role in the development and regulation of neurons in mammals. In adults, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, motor neurons and sensory neurons of the CNS retain responsiveness to neurotrophic factors and can regenerate after loss or damage in their presence. For this reason, neurotrophins are considered to have great promise as drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), peripheral sensory neuropathies and spinal cord injuries. [00...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K31/7052A61P25/28A61K35/76A61K38/18A61K38/22A61K48/00A61P25/02A61P25/16
CPCA61K38/185A61K48/00C12N2750/14171C12N2750/14143C12N15/86A61P25/02A61P25/16A61P25/28
Inventor TUSZYNSKI, MARK H.
Owner RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
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