447 results about "Serotonin" patented technology

This invention relates to a method for the biochemical treatment of persistent pain disorders by inhibiting the biochemical mediators of inflammation in a subject comprising administering to said subject any one of several combinations of components that are inhibitors of biochemical mediators of inflammation. Said process for biochemical treatment of persistent pain disorders is based on Sota Omoigui's Law, which states: ‘The origin of all pain is inflammation and the inflammatory response’. Sota Omoigui's Law of Pain unifies all pain syndromes as sharing a common origin of inflammation and the inflammatory response. The various biochemical mediators of inflammation are present in differing amounts in all pain syndromes and are responsible for the pain experience. Classification and treatment of pain syndromes should depend on the complex inflammatory profile. A variety of mediators are generated by tissue injury and inflammation. These include substances produced by damaged tissue, substances of vascular origin as well as substances released by nerve fibers themselves, sympathetic fibers and various immune cells. Biochemical mediators of inflammation that are targeted for inhibition include but are not limited to: prostaglandin, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1-alpha, interleukin 1-beta, interleukin-4, Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, histamine and serotonin, substance P, Matrix Metallo-Proteinase, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide as well as the potent inflammatory mediator peptide proteins neurokinin A, bradykinin, kallidin and T-kinin.

A combination therapy for treating depressive disorders is provided herein. The combination therapy comprises administering an effective amount of bupropion or its metabolites together with at least one serotonin 5-HT1A partial agonist or its metabolites to a patient in need of treatment of the depressive disorder. Pharmaceutical formulations, including packaged pharmaceutical formulations, comprising this combination are also provided herein.

Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for treating or preventing a stroke and / or a transient ischemic attack in a patient. The methods comprise transmitting impulses of energy non-invasively to selected nerve fibers, particularly those in a vagus nerve. Vagus nerve stimulation is used to modulate the release of GABA, norepinephrine, and / or serotonin, thereby providing neuroprotection to the patient; to modulate the activity of resting state neuronal networks, particularly the sensory-motor network or resting state networks containing the insula; and to avert a stroke or transient ischemic attack that has been forecasted.

Certain pyrimidine-containing compounds are serotonin receptor modulators useful in the treatment of serotonin-mediated diseases.

Compounds of formulae I and II are disclosed, as well as compositions comprising them and methods of their use to treat, prevent and manage serotonin-mediated diseases and disorders:

This invention relates to a nutritional intervention composition for enhancing satiety prior to a meal and extending satiety after a meal. The nutritional intervention composition decreases food intake producing weight loss over time. The composition consists of Niacin, Vitamin B6, Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Chromium, Chitosan, Fenugreek, Ginseng, White willow bark, Garcinia cambogia, Aloe Vera gel powder, Momordica charantia, Griffonia simplicifolia, Lagerstroemia speciosa and Vanadyl sulfate. The invention does not require stimulants or anabolic ingredients. There are three phases of activity within the composition. One, enhanced satiety through elevated serotonin. Two, improved carbohydrate metabolism, reduced blood glucose and slowed gastric emptying. Three, enhanced fiber binding of lipids and excess bile acids.

A compound is provided that has the formula NH2CH2CH2CH2C(O)N—R   (I) where R is a moiety capable of crossing the blood brain barrier and is as a free compound serotonin, dopamine blood brain barrier (BBB) peptide, membrane translocating protein, TAT peptides, bradykinin, beta-endorphin, bombesin, calcitonin, cholecystokinin, an enkephalin, dynorphin, insulin, gastrin, substance P, neurotensin, glucagon, secretin, somatostatin, motilin, vasopressin, oxytocin, prolactin, thyrotropin, an angiotensin, galanin, neuropeptide Y, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropnin-releasing hormone, growth hormone-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptidetransferrin, glucosylamnine, amino saccharin, lactylamine, leucine, tryptophan, glutamate and amino cholines.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a carbostyril derivative which is a dopamine-sero-tonin system stabilizer and a mood stabilizer in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The carbostyril derivative may be aripiprazole or a metabolite thereof. The mood stabilizer may include but is not limited to lithium, valproic acid, divalproex sodium, carbamaza-pine, oxcarbamazapine, zonisamide, lamotragine, topiramate, gabapentin, levetiracetam or clonazepam. These compositions are used to treat patients with mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder with or without psychotic features, mania or mixed episodes. Methods are provided for separate administration of a carbostyril derivative and a mood stabilizer to a patient with a mood disorder.

The invention relates to the field of biology, and discloses a serum-free culture medium which essentially comprises an IMDM (Iscove Modified Dulbecco Medium), L-glutamine, sodium bicarbonate, Hepes, recombinant human insulin, recombinant human transferrin, recombinant human albumin, 2-mercaptoethanol, protocatechuic acid, lipid, amino acid, vitamins, trace elements, Pluronic F-68, hydrocortisone, vitamin C, bonding amine or recombinant human fibronectin, progesterone, putrescine, heparin, serotonin, epidermal growth factors (EGFs), b-fibroblast growth factors (FGF), platelet derive growth factor (PDGF)-BB and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I. The serum-free culture medium is clear in chemical components, free from animal sources and serum and safe and ideal in cell cultivation and avoids the doped animal components and unstable batches, and the results of the cultured mesenchymal stem cells show that the total cellular score, the cell phenotype and the secretory cell factors are normal, so that the serum-free culture medium has good industrial application prospect.

The present invention is directed at methods for preventing or minimizing the intensity of the serotonin syndrome in humans and lower animals which comprises administering proserotonergic agents and serotonin surge protectors. The present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising proserotonergic agents and serotonin surge protectors useful for carrying out the method of the present invention.

A method and related compositions, including the use of N-acyl derivatives of sarcosine, provide for the delivery of bioactive agents through tissue surfaces such as the skin. The method and composition are particularly well suited for hydrophobic active agents such as serotonin (5HT3) receptor antagonists (e.g., ondansetron), antipsychotic agents (e.g., risperidone), benzodiazepines (e.g., flumazenil), and progestins (e.g., levonorgestrel).

Compounds of formula I are described herein which are agonists or partial agonists of the 2C subtype of brain serotonin receptors. or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, Rx, Ry, and n are as defined herein. Such compounds, and compositions thereof, are useful for treating a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.

Compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided: wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, y, m, n, and Ar are as defined, and described in classes and subclasses herein, which are agonists or partial agonists of the 2C subtype of brain serotonin receptors. The compounds, and compositions containing the compounds, can be used to treat a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.

Compounds of Formula 1 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided: which are agonists or partial agonists of the 2C subtype of brain serotonin receptors. The compounds, and compositions containing the compounds, can be used to treat a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.

The present invention provides a composition comprising a compound of formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein each of R1, R2, R3, y, n, and Ar are as defined, and described in classes and subclasses herein, which are agonists or partial agonists of the 2C subtype of brain serotonin receptors. Such compounds, and compositions thereof, are useful for treating a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.

Compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided: wherein each of R1, R1′, R2, R3, R4, n, and Ar are as defined, and described in classes and subclasses herein, which are agonists or partial agonists of the 2C subtype of brain serotonin receptors. The compounds, and compositions containing the compounds, can be used to treat a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.

Compounds of formula 2 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided: wherein each of R1a, R2a, R3a, Ar, y, and m are as defined herein, which are agonists or partial agonists of the 2C subtype of brain serotonin receptors. The compounds, and compositions containing the compounds, are used to treat a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.

The invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I): whereinAr is optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl;A is (i) —O—, —S—, —SO2—, —NH—, (ii) a C1-4-alkyl- or C1-6-acyl-substituted nitrogen atom or (iii) a C1-8-alkylene chain or a heteroalkylene chain having 2 to 8 chain atoms, which optionally contains at least one unsaturation, and which may be substituted and / or contain a bridge to form a saturated or partially or fully unsaturated ring having 3-8 ring members;B is —C(R4)(R5)—, —OC(R4)(R5)—, —N(R6)C(R4)(R5)—, —N(R6)—, —O—, —S— or —SO2—;R is optionally substituted C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;R1 is (i) a saturated or unsaturated azacyclic or aminoazacyclic ring, or a saturated diazacyclic or aminodiazacyclic ring, which has 4 to 7 ring members, or a saturated aminoazabicyclic, azabicyclic or diazabicyclic ring which has 7 to 10 ring members, which rings optionally are substituted in one or more positions, or a group —[C(R4)(R5)]xN(R2a)(R3a)];R2a, R3a, R4, R5, R6 and x are as defined in the claims, and n is 0 or 1; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and prodrug forms thereof.The compounds may be prepared by per se conventional methods and can be used for treating a human or animal subject suffering from a serotonin-related disorder, such as eating disorders, especially obesity, memory disorders, schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, pain, sexual dysfunctions, and urinary disorders. The invention also relates to such use as well as to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I).

The present invention is directed to a method of identifying patients to be treated by dopamine agonist therapy comprising the step of analyzing a plasma or urine sample from said patient for concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), norepinephrine metabolites (NE metabolites), dopamine, dopamine metabolites, serotonin, serotonin metabolites, or fasting triglycerides, wherein one or more of: (a) NE metabolites, (b) NE / NE metabolites: dopamine / dopamine metabolites, (c) NE and serotonin, (d) NE / NE metabolites and serotonin, (e) NE and serotonin metabolites, (f) NE / NE metabolites and serotonin metabolites, or (g) NE is / are greater than about 30% over normal level; or dopamine / dopamine metabolites are less than about 30% below normal; or said patient has hypertriglyceridemai and / or hypertension . The present invention is also directed to treating identified patients with dopamine agonist therapy.

Provided herein are compounds of the formula (I): wherein R1-R8 are as described herein, R4 being phthalazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or quinoxalinyl. Such compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of a disorder which is created by or is dependent upon decreased availability of serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine.

The present invention provides processes, methods and intermediates for the preparation of 8-chloro-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine, salts, hydrates and crystal forms thereof which are useful as serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists for the treatment of, for example, central nervous system disorders such as obesity.

The present invention provides processes and intermediates for the preparation of 3-benzazepines and salts thereof which can be useful as serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists for the treatment of, for example, central nervous system disorders such as obesity.

A method of treating neurotransmitter dysfunction in a patient. The method includes the step of administering an amino acid precursor of a catecholamine in a balanced and effective therapeutic range. The catecholamine precursor is preferably L-dopa, but may alternatively be tyrosine, D,L-Phenylalanine or an active isomer thereof, and N-acetyl-L-tyrosine or other amino acid precursor of L-dopa. An amino acid precursor of serotonin in an effective therapeutic range, is also administered. The serotonin precursor is preferably 5-HTP, but may alternatively be tryptophan. At least one cofactor is also preferably administered. Cofactor options include Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Calcium, Folate, and Cysteine. A method of periodic administration and patient checking is also disclosed.

The invention belongs to the technical fields of resource environment and chemical engineering, and relates to a serotonin absorbent for capturing carbon dioxide gas, which particularly consists of mono etobaccool amine solution and an activating agent; the activating agent is polyamine the molecule of which comprises two or more than two amino-groups / imino groups; and the molar ratio of the mono etobaccool amine liquid and the activating agent is 4-1 to 1. The serotonin absorbent for capturing carbon dioxide gas is mixed with water to obtain the serotonin absorbent, and can be directly used for capturing carbon dioxide. As cheaper MEA (Mono Etobaccool Amine) is adopted as the main body of the absorbent, the serotonin absorbent for capturing carbon dioxide gas has the characteristics of low cost, large absorbed dose and high desorption quantity; moreover, the causticity of the serotonin absorbent is lower; the serotonin absorbent for capturing carbon dioxide gas is suitable for removing the carbon dioxide in a plurality of chemical engineering reaction tail gases, burning flue-gases and natural mixed gases, and can also be used for removing the carbon dioxide in urban coal gases and natural gases, etc. Moreover, the serotonin absorbent for capturing carbon dioxide gas is beneficial for industrial application.

Compounds are provided which are useful for the treatment of serotonin-affected neurological disorders which compriseWherein:R1, R2 and R3 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, CF3, alkyl, alkoxy, MeSO2, or together can form a 5-7 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;R4 is hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl;R5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkylaryl, or aryl;R6 is hydrogen, halogen, CF3, CN, carbamide, or alkoxy;X1, X2 and X3 are each carbon or one of X1, X2 or X3 may be nitrogen;Y is carbon or nitrogen; andZ is carbon or nitrogen; orpharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for modulating the phosphorylation of DARPP-32 in a serotonergic receptor intracellular signaling pathway. The invention provides methods and compositions for modulating the activities of DARPP-32, casein kinase 1 (CK1), cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), AMPA receptors, protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) and / or protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in cells or tissues. The invention provides methods of treating serotonergic intracellular signaling pathway disorders, e.g., depression. The invention provides methods of treating dopamine-related disorders. The invention provides methods of identifying agents that modulate the activities of serotonergic receptor intracellular signaling molecules, DARPP-32, casein kinase 1, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, AMPA receptors, protein phosphatase-1, protein phosphatase 2C, protein phosphatase 2B and / or protein phosphatase 2A, for use in such treatments. The invention also provides methods of modulating phosphorylation-dependent activation of AMPA receptors for use in such treatments.