331 results about "Lipid composition" patented technology

Disclosed herein are lipid compositions comprising a cationic lipid of formula (I), a neutral lipid, a sterol and a PEG or PEG-modified lipid, wherein formula (I) is (F). Also disclosed are methods of producing the cationic lipid of formula (I).

The invention relates to crop plants comprising novel seed lipid compositions. Provided are both wild type and mutant nucleic acid molecules encoding Brassica fatty acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase B proteins (FATB) and the proteins as such. Also provided are Brassica plants, tissue and seeds comprising at least three mutant fatB alleles in their genome, whereby the seed oil fatty acid composition or profile is significantly altered.

The invention provides systems and methods for producing biofuel from algae that use cultured fish to harvest algae from an algal culture. The methods further comprise gathering the fish, extracting lipids from the fish, and processing the lipids to form biofuel. The multi-trophic systems of the invention comprises at least one enclosure that contains the algae and the fishes, and means for controllably feeding the algae to the fishes. The lipid compositions extracted from the fishes are also encompassed.

Angiogenic endothelial cells are selectively targeted with lipid / DNA complexes or cationic liposomes containing a substance which affects the targeted cells by inhibiting or promoting their growth. A site of angiogenesis can be precisely located by administering cationic liposomes containing a detectable label. The complexes may comprise nucleotide constructs which are comprised of promoters which are selectively and exclusively activated in the environment of an angiogenic endothelial cell.

The invention provides novel beverages and raw materials for the manufacture thereof, such beverage and raw materials containing microalgae of various species with varying components. Attributes of the microalgal biomass used in the invention include nutrition-providing materials such as carotenoids, dietary fiber, tocotrienols and tocopherols, and varying lipid compositions, particularly low levels of saturated lipids. Attributes of the microalgal biomass used in the invention include structural attributes such as improved mouth feel compared to alternative milk products such as soy milk and rice milk. The novel beverages provide delivery systems for high nutrition materials found in microalgae. The invention provides a new category of finished beverages based on microalgae (such as refrigerated and shelf stable liquids and emulsions) as well as compositions for augmenting properties of current beverages through inclusion of novel microalgae-based materials as ingredients.

Synthetic lipid composition in which the content and the distribution of the fatty acids are similar to those of human milk fat, containing less than 2% by weight of free fatty acids, in which palmitic acid is predominantly at the 2-position of the triacylglycerols and the arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids are distributed between the 1-, 2- and 3-positions and in particular predominantly at the 2-position of the triacylglycerols.

The preparation and use of nucleic acid fragments encoding fatty acid desaturase enzymes are described. The invention permits alteration of plant lipid composition. Chimeric genes incorporating mutant delta-12 fatty acid desaturase nucleic acid fragments with suitable regulatory sequences may be used to create transgenic plants with altered levels of unsaturated fatty acids.

Provided herein are systems and methods for producing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and / or derivatives and / or mixtures thereof by growing algae that produce the oils containing EPA and / or DHA and / or derivatives and / or mixtures thereof, harvesting the algae with fish in one or more enclosed systems, and then processing fish to separate and purify the EPA and / or DHA. The multi-trophic systems provided herein comprise at least one enclosure that contains the algae and the fishes, and means for controllably feeding the algae to the fishes. Also provided herein are the lipid compositions extracted from the fishes.

A liposome suspension forms spontaneously upon adding a lipid composition to an aqueous solution. The liposomes include diacylglycerol-PEG compounds. The melting point of the diacylglycerol-PEG is below about 40 degrees C., and the acyl chains of the diacylglycerol-PEG are greater than or equal to 14 carbons in length. Such liposome suspensions are useful for a variety of purposes, including the delivery of therapeutic agents.

Disclosed herein are alternative, enhanced, and cheaper methods of improving cognitive functions in a subject using a lipid composition conjugated with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, with specific amounts and specific conjugation patterns of LA, linolenic acid (alpha-linolenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid) DHA and eicosapentaenoyl (EPA), e.g. utilizing different sources of lipids.Disclosed herein is a lipid preparation, said preparation comprising a phosphatidylserine moiety, and poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) acyl groups, particularly long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) acyl groups such as omega-3 and / or omega-6 acyl groups, wherein said PUFA is covalently bound to said glycerophospholipid. Said lipid preparations are particularly useful in the treatment of mental and cognitive disorders, e.g. ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and Alzheimer's disease.The disclosed preparations present improved bioactivity, and are useful in the treatment of various cognitive and mental conditions and disorders, as well as for maintenance of normal functions of brain-related systems and processes.

The invention provides lipid compositions comprising phospholipids having a high docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content, which compositions are preferably extracted from natural sources. The lipid compositions are excellent sources of highly bioavailable DHA and they can be used in oral delivery vehicles, dietary supplements, functional foods, and the like.

Fully lipid-encapsulated therapeutic agent particles of a charged therapeutic agent are prepared by combining a lipid composition containing preformed lipid vesicles, a charged therapeutic agent, and a destabilizing agent to form a mixture of preformed vesicles and therapeutic agent in a destabilizing solvent. The destabilizing solvent is effective to destabilize the membrane of the preformed lipid vesicles without disrupting the vesicles. The resulting mixture is incubated for a period of time sufficient to allow the encapsulation of the therapeutic agent within the preformed lipid vesicles. The destabilizing agent is then removed to yield fully lipid-encapsulated therapeutic agent particles. The preformed lipid vesicles comprise a charged lipid which has a charge which is opposite to the charge of the charged therapeutic agent and a modified lipid having a steric barrier moiety for control of aggregation.

Methods of molding polymer-hydroxylated lipid compositions comprising intimate admixtures of thermoplastic polymers and hydroxylated lipids.

A process for purifying a lipid composition having predominantly neutral lipid components having at least one long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid is disclosed. The process employs contacting the lipid composition with a polar solvent, such as acetone, wherein the solvent is selected such that the contaminants are less soluble in the solvent than in the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. The process is typically conducted at cooler temperatures including about 0° C. Upon precipitation of the contaminants from the lipid composition, a separation is conducted to remove the precipitated material from the lipid composition. The long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids can include ARA, DPA, EPA and / or DHA. The process effectively winterizes lipid compositions, thereby reducing the tendency of such compositions to become hazy.

Lyophilized lipid compositions, as well as methods for their preparation, are embodied by the present invention. Gas-filled microspheres prepared using the lyophilized lipid composition are particularly useful, for example, in ultrasonic imaging applications and in therapeutic drug delivery systems.

Lipid compositions comprising nuts, seeds, oils, legumes, fruits, grains, and dairy useful in specified amounts as dietary supplements and diet plans designed around and including the aforementioned for the prophylaxis and treatment of numerous diseases are disclosed. The compositions include omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids where the ratio of the omega-6 to the omega-3 fatty acids and their amounts are controlled based on one or more factors including age of the subject, sex of the subject, diet of the subject, the body weight of the subject, medical conditions of the subject, and climate of the subject's living area.

A process for purifying a lipid composition having predominantly neutral lipid components having at least one long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid is disclosed. The process employs contacting the lipid composition with a polar solvent, such as acetone, wherein the solvent is selected such that the contaminants are less soluble in the solvent than in the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. The process is typically conducted at cooler temperatures including about 0° C. Upon precipitation of the contaminants from the lipid composition, a separation is conducted to remove the precipitated material from the lipid composition. The long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids can include ARA, DPA, EPA and / or DHA. The process effectively winterizes lipid compositions, thereby reducing the tendency of such compositions to become hazy.

The preparation and use of nucleic acid fragments encoding fatty acid desaturase enzymes are described. The invention permits alteration of plant lipid composition. Chimeric genes incorporating such nucleic acid fragments with suitable regulatory sequences may be used to create transgenic plants with altered levels of unsaturated fatty acids.

The present invention relates to a lipid composition comprising at least 5 wt % of a structuring agent dispersed in oil or fat wherein the structuring agent comprises at least 50 wt % of triacylglycerol containing a glycerin skeleton esterified with one type of saturated fatty acid having a chain length of either 10:0, 12:0 or 14:0. Further aspects of the invention are: the structuring agent, a food product comprising the lipid composition, the use of the lipid composition as a structure stabilizer or a moisture barrier in a food product; and a method for preparing the lipid composition.

A method of liposome-based therapy for a mammalian subject is disclosed. The method uses liposomes with outer surfaces that contain an affinity moiety effective to bind specifically to a biological surface at which the therapy is aimed, and a hydrophilic polymer coating effective to shield the affinity moiety from interaction with the target surface. The hydrophilic polymer coating is made up of polymer chains covalently linked to surface lipid components in the liposomes through releasable linkages. After a desired liposome biodistribution is achieved, a releasing agent is administered to cause cleaving of a substantial portion of the releasable linkages in the liposomes, to expose the affinity agent to the target surface.

The use of free, extractable lipids found in bacteria for identification of bacterial species and subspecies is described. Bacteria have been found to differ sufficiently in their extracted lipid compositions to effect identification using thin layer chromatographic techniques. Burkholderia pseudomallei, Burkholderia thailandensis, and Burkholderia mallei have been distinguished in this manner. Lipopeptides specific to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, but not to the closely related bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies avium have also been used as a basis for bacterial subspecies identification using mass spectrometry and seroreactivity. Mass spectrometric analysis of total bacterial lipids of Burkholderia pseudomallei, Burkholderia thailandensis, and Burkholderia mallei, and mass spectrometric analysis of total bacterial lipids for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium subspecies avium, without further lipid separation, has shown that species and subspecies of bacteria may be identified using such analysis.

The present invention provides liposome compositions containing sparingly soluble drugs that are used to treat life-threatening diseases. A preferred method of encapsulating a drug inside a liposome is by remote or active loading. Remote loading of a drug into liposomes containing a transmembrane electrochemical gradient is initiated by co-mixing a liposome suspension with a solution of drug, whereby the neutral form of the compound freely enters the liposome and becomes electrostatically charged thereby preventing the reverse transfer out of the liposome. There is a continuous build-up of compound within the liposome interior until the electrochemical gradient is dissipated or all the drug is encapsulated in the liposome. However, this process as described in the literature has been limited to drugs that are freely soluble in aqueous solution or solubilized as a water-soluble complex. This invention describes compositions and methods for remote loading drugs with low water solubility (<2 mg / mL). In the preferred embodiment the drug in the solubilizing agent is mixed with the liposomes in aqueous suspension so that the concentration of solubilizing agent is lowered to below its capacity to completely solubilize the drug. This results in the drug precipitating but remote loading capability is retained. The process is scalable and, in liposomes in which the lipid composition and remote loading agent are optimized, the resulting drug-loaded liposomes are characterized by a high drug-to-lipid ratios and prolonged drug retention when the liposome encapsulated drug is administered to a subject.

The present invention includes methods for treating Meibomian gland dysfunctions. The invention also includes methods for improving tear lipid composition, for treating abnormal Meibomian gland secretion and for normalizing Meibomian gland secretions.