303 results about "Enzymatic degradation" patented technology

An abuse-deterrent pharmaceutical composition has been developed to reduce the likelihood of improper administration of drugs, especially drugs such as opiods. In the preferred embodiment, a drug is modified to increase its lipophilicity. In preferred embodiments the modified drug is homogeneously dispersed within microparticles composed of a material that is either slowly soluble or not soluble in water. In some embodiments the drug containing microparticles or drug particles are coated with one or more coating layers, where at least one coating is water insoluble and preferably organic solvent insoluble, but enzymatically degradable by enzymes present in the human gastrointestinal tract. The abuse-deterrent composition retards the release of drug, even if the physical integrity of the formulation is compromised (for example, by chopping with a blade or crushing) and the resulting material is placed in water, snorted, or swallowed. However, when administered as directed, the drug is slowly released from the composition as the composition is broken down or dissolved gradually within the GI tract by a combination of enzymatic degradation, surfactant action of bile acids, and mechanical erosion.

The present invention provides a manufacturing method for polypeptides that are produced in insect cells using a baculoviral expression system. In one example, the insect cell culture is supplemented with a lipid mixture immediately prior to infection (e.g., one hour prior to infection). The polypeptides are isolated from the insect cell culture using a method that employs anion exchange or mixed-mode chromatography early in the purification process. This process step is useful to remove insect-cell derived endoglycanases and proteases and thus reduces the loss of desired polypeptide due to enzymatic degradation. In another example, mixed-mode chromatography is combined with dye-ligand affinity chromatography in a continuous-flow manner to allow for rapid processing of the insect-cell culture liquid and capture of the polypeptide. In yet another example, a polypeptide is isolated from an insect cell culture liquid using a process that combines hollow fiber filtration, mixed-mode chromatography and dye-ligand affinity in a single unit operation producing a polypeptide solution that is essentially free of endoglycanase and proteolytic activities. In a further example, the isolated polypeptides are glycopeptides having an insect specific glycosylation pattern, which are optionally conjugated to a modifying group, such as a polymer (e.g., PEG) using a glycosyltransferase and a modified nucleotide sugar.

The present invention provides novel compositions for the delivery of a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) agonist across the oral mucosa. In particular, the buffer system in the compositions of the present invention raises the pH of saliva to a pH greater than about 9.9, thereby facilitating the substantially complete conversion of the 5-HT agonist from its ionized to its unionized form. As a result, the dose of 5-HT agonist is rapidly and efficiently absorbed by the oral mucosa. Furthermore, delivery of the 5-HT agonist across the oral mucosa advantageously bypasses hepatic first pass metabolism of the drug and avoids enzymatic degradation of the drug within the gastrointestinal tract. Methods for using the compositions of the present invention for treating migraines are also provided.

The present invention is directed to a container for housing and dispensing dentifrice compositions and that includes a first chamber containing therein a first dentifrice composition that includes a non-abrasive whitening agent and at least one thickener, a second chamber containing therein a second dentifrice composition that includes an abrasive polishing material, at least one thickener, a proteolytic enzyme and a rheology modifier that is not susceptible to enzymatic degradation, where the first and second dentifrice compositions are isolated one from the other until the substantially simultaneous co-extrusion from the container, and to whitening compositions containing the co-extruded first and second dentifrice compositions.

A culture medium for culture of an animal cell, characterized by containing an enzymatic degradation product of fish meat or a fish meat extract, and a method for producing a desired protein with the use of the culture medium.

Novel water-soluble free-flowing protein-fibre products are provided from cereal grains, such as wheat, free from starch, bran and low molecular weight degradation products thereof. Starch contaminants in soluble fractions of the cereal grains are removed by enzymatic degradation and separation. The protein to fibre ratio of the product may be modified by enzymatic treatment. Such materials are useful in a wide variety of food application.

Devices and methods are described for homogenization, processing, detection, and analysis of biological samples such as insects, fungi, bacteria, and plant and animal tissues. Multiple chambers in these devices permit different processing functions to be carried out at each stage, such that the resulting homogenized product can be further processed, purified, analyzed, and/or biomolecules such as metabolites, proteins and nucleic acids, or pharmaceutical products can be detected. The device can be used in a hydrostatic pressure apparatus, in which different activities, i.e. incubations, addition or renewal of reagent, and generation and detection of signal can be carried out in the appropriate chamber. The method improves the preservation of biomolecules from chemical and enzymatic degradation relative to conventional means. Additionally, this method enables automated sample preparation and analytical processes.

The invention provides dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose-collagen frozen gel and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: first uniformly mixing 1 to 3 mass percent of the aqueous solution of collagen and 0.01 to 1 mass percent of the aqueous solution of dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose; then injecting the mixed solution into a mold and storing the mixed solution in a low-temperature reactor at the temperature of -40 to 0 DEG C for 1 to 7 days; and finally, taking the obtained product out and slowly unfreezing the obtained product to obtain the dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose-collagen frozen gel. The dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose-collagen freezing gel prepared by the method is improved in mechanical property, thermal stability and enzymatic degradation resistance at the same time of maintaining the biological activity of collagen gel per se, has the advantages of porosity, hydrophilicity, water absorbing and preserving property, good market application prospect and the like, and is widely used in biomedical fields, such as biologic scaffolds, cell culture, drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound and burning treatment and the like.

The invention relates to a method for breaking walls of cells of bran by wet grinding, and belongs to the technical field of industrial biochemistry. The invention adopts the technical key point that: bran, water, and enzyme for degrading walls of cells of the bran are mixed, and subjected to wet ball-milling grinding to form superfine wall-breaking powder. By combining an ultramicro-pulverization method, the water and the enzyme for degrading the walls of cells of the bran, the cells of the bran are subjected to wet ball milling for wall-breaking treatment; compared with single ultramicro pulverization, the method can greatly reduce the energy consumption, is simple and has low requirement on operating equipment; and compared with single enzymatic degradation, the method combines wet ball milling, combines chemical action with mechanical force action, and has the advantages of greatly saving energy required by high temperature treatment, avoiding the defect of enzyme inactivation under high temperature treatment, eliminating crystal structures of cellulose and improving enzymolysis efficiency.

The invention discloses hyaluronic acid-sodium alginate composite hydrogel and a preparation method thereof. The composite hydrogel is prepared from the following steps of: (1) dissolving hyaluronic acid and sodium alginate into water to obtain a solution 1; (2) adding a cross-linking agent to the solution 1, and regulating the pH value to be 4.0-5.5 with a buffer solution to obtain a solution 2; (3) adding a carboxyl activating agent to the solution 2 and stirring; and regulating and controlling the pH value of the solution 2 to be 2.0-5.5 in the stirring process until gel is formed to obtain the hyaluronic acid-sodium alginate composite hydrogenl. The invention provides a new approach for the modification of the hyaluronic acid, and the composite modified compound prepared by using the method has the advantages of higher mechanical property, capacity of resisting enzymatic degradation of the hyaluronic acid, biocompatibility, and the like and has potential application in the aspects of surgical operations and tissue engineering.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently carrying CRISPR/Cas9 through functionalized graphene oxide for gene editing. An NGO-PEG-PEI/Cas9/sgRNA complex is obtained by the following steps: covalently modifying aminated PEG and aminated PEI onto graphene oxide to obtain NGO-PEG-PEI; then assembling Cas9 protein and sgRNA into a Cas9/sgRNA complex under a room-temperature condition; and mixing NGO-PEG-PEI with the Cas9/sgRNA complex under a room-temperature condition. The editing of target gene can be realized by mixing the complex with the target gene. The functionalized GO has the characteristics of good biocompatibility and high carrying efficiency, can efficiently carry the Cas9/sgRNA complex into cells for performing corresponding functions, and has the effect of keeping the Cas9/sgRNA complex free of enzymatic degradation and high in stability.

The present invention relates to novel antagonists to a B₁-bradykinin (B₁-BK) receptor which have a good affinity and selectivity therefor, some of which being at least partially resistant to enzymatic degradation. The synthesis of the B₁ receptors is induced during inflammation. Symptoms associated with inflammation (elevated hydrostatic pressure and plasma leakage or extravasation) have been observed in diabetic animal models (streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ)) as well as in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The present inventors confirm the presence of B₁-BK receptors in these two models. B₁-BK antagonists abolished the vasocontraction induced by B₁-BK in SHR and STZ, and reduced the glycemia of diabetic animals to normal levels. The present B₁-antagonists are useful for treating any condition wherein B₁-receptor is expressed, particularly during inflammation, and more particularly wherein B₁-receptor expression results in diabetic vasculopathy, other diabetic symptoms associated with an insulitis and a post-capillary resistance building as a consequence of the presence of a B₁-receptor.

Matrix-enhancing molecules, such as TGF-β, are conjugated to or immobilized on scaffolds to increase ECM production by cells for tissue engineering, tissue regeneration and wound healing applications. The matrix-enhancing molecule is conjugated to a tether, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) monoacrylate, for attachment to a tissue engineering or cell growth scaffold. The matrix-enhancing molecule retains activity after attachment to the scaffold, and causes cells growing in or on the scaffold to increase extracellular matrix (ECM) production, without substantially increasing proliferation of the cells, even when the scaffold additionally contains cell adhesion ligands. The increased ECM produced by the cells aids in maintaining the integrity of the scaffold, particularly when the scaffold is degradable, either by hydrolysis or by enzymatic degradation.

Microencapsulated polyphenol compositions suitable for use in food and beverage products are provided. Microencapsulation significantly reduces the astringency and/or bitterness of the polyphenol compositions and protects the polyphenol compositions from oxidation, ingredient interactions, enzymatic degradation, and the like while maintaining gastrointestinal bioavailability within the digestive system.

The embodiments herein disclose a method of fabricating composite scaffolds for skin tissue regeneration. The methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) and methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) are synthesized. The poly (glycerol sebacate)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PGS-PCL) microfibrous scaffolds are synthesized. The hydrogel is synthesized. The composite scaffold comprising hydrogel and poly (glycerol sebacate)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PGS-PCL) microfibrous scaffolds is fabricated. A plurality of physico-chemical characteristics of the composite scaffold comprising hydrogel and poly (glycerol sebacate)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PGS-PCL) microfibrous scaffolds are analysed. The physico-chemical characteristics comprises mechanical properties, swelling ratio and enzymatic degradation and scanning electron microscope imaging. The fibroblast cells are encapsulated within the composite scaffold comprising hydrogel and poly (glycerol sebacate)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PGS-PCL) microfibrous scaffolds and hydrogels. The fibroblast cells are seeded on composite scaffold and PGS-PCL scaffold. The fibroblast cell viability, fibroblast cell attachment, fibroblast cell spreading, fibroblast cell proliferation and fibroblast cell metabolism are analysed in composite scaffolds, PGS-PCL scaffolds and hydrogels.

The invention relates to a method for separating bagasse cellulose from lignin, and the method comprises the following steps: fully drying bagasse, performing mechanical grinding, using soxhlet extraction to remove cane wax, further removing hemicellulose through a hot water bath, mixing the bagasse subjected to hemicellulose removal with an ionic liquid, performing ultrasonic treatment for 3-5 minutes to dissolve the lignin in the bagasse in the ionic liquid, adding alkali for dilution, and then separating out the bagasse cellulose subjected to lignin removal by virtue of filtering; regulating the pH value of the dissolved lignin 2-3 times for precipitation, and separating out the lignin by virtue of centrifugal separation; and recovering the ionic liquid through the methods of neutralization, organic solvent extraction and vacuum concentration. The enzymatic degradation capability of the obtained bagasse cellulose is greatly improved compared with that of the bagasse which is not separated.

The invention relates to a method of cleaning a surface (1) attached with at least one chewing gum lump (2) whereby said cleaning is at least partly based on an enzymatic degradation of at least one biodegradable polymer in said chewing gum lump (2) and whereby said enzymatic degradation is initiated by the application of at least one enzyme to which said at least one polymer forms substrate and whereby said at least one enzyme is added to said chewing gum lump (2) subsequent to chewing and attachment of said chewing gum lump (2) to said surface (1).

The invention discloses a chitosan composite preservative film and a preparation process thereof. Chitosan is used as the main component of the preservative film. The preservative film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of the chitosan, 3,000-4,000 parts of 1% acetic acid solution, 1-5 parts of sodium trimetaphosphate, 30-50 parts of silica sol, 100-200 parts of glycerol, and 2-10 parts of oleic acid. By being improved through chemical and physical blending modification, the prepared preservative film has the advantages of being good in extensibility, flexibility, transparency, oxygen permeating coefficient and moisture permeability and the like; the preservative film disclosed by the invention has good biocompatibility with organisms; enzymatic degradation, oxidative degradation and acid degradation can be carried out under a certain condition; the final degradation products are oligomers, such as dimeric glucan, trimerical glucan and the like; the residual toxicily problem does not exist; and the preservative film has strong practicability in terms of fruit and vegetable freshness.

A method for modulating enzymatic degradation of articular cartilage in a dog comprises administering to the dog an enzymatic degradation modulating effective amount of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), for example as a component of a food composition. By practice of the method in a dog having arthritis, mobility of the dog can be increased, weight bearing in an arthritic limb can be increased, and/or pain associated with arthritis can be reduced.