209 results about "Sleeping disorders" patented technology

The invention discloses a sleep disorder prediction method and a sleep disorder prediction system based on deep learning and signal decomposition, the system adaptively determines parameters of variational mode decomposition (VMD) through an RIME optimization algorithm, and decomposes s-EEG signals into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs); the IMFs are dynamically weighted by using a multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHSA), and key features are extracted, and then the IMFs are subjected to dynamic weighting by using the multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHSA), and the IMFs are subjected to dynamic weighting by using the multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHSA); and finally, time sequence modeling is carried out through a long and short time memory network (LSTM), and high-precision prediction is realized. According to the method, the accuracy and stability of sleep disorder prediction are remarkably improved, technical support is provided for early diagnosis and intervention, and clinical application value is achieved.

The invention discloses a sleep monitoring classification method based on a multi-scale network structure and adaptive attention, and belongs to the technical field of electroencephalogram sleep classification. Aiming at the defects of the traditional sleep monitoring method and the defects of the existing application of deep learning, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a polysomnogram (PSG), performing down-sampling, filtering, artifact removal and other preprocessing, extracting frequency domain, time domain and time-frequency domain joint features of EEG / EOG / EMG signals by using a multi-scale convolutional neural network, and then adopting a self-adaptive training strategy to obtain an EEG / EOG / EMG signal self-adaptive training model; and constructing a multi-task joint learning architecture by combining an adaptive attention mechanism and a multi-scale convolutional neural network to perform model training, and finally loading a trained model to realize sleep disorder monitoring and stage classification. The multi-scale convolutional neural network extracts information of different time and frequency scales through convolution kernels of different scales, and the adaptive attention mechanism focuses on key information. The accuracy and reliability of sleep state monitoring and stage staging are remarkably improved through cooperation of the two, and an effective technical means is provided for research and diagnosis of sleep disorders.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sleep-aiding gels, and discloses a herbal sleep-aiding gel and a preparation process thereof, the gel comprises the following components: deionized water, propylene glycol, glycerol, carbomer 980 and triethanolamine; the mask is prepared from, by weight, 1.8% of lavender essential oil, chamomile extract, bitter orange flower essential oil, gamma-aminobutyric acid, melatonin, spina date seed extract, xylaria nigripes extract and phospholipid wall materials. Sodium chloride and azone; camphor and borneol; eDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) disodium, phenoxyethanol and ethylhexylglycerin. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is suitable for people with sleep disorders such as long-term insomnia, difficulty in falling asleep, insomnia and dreaminess, easy awakening due to light sleep, restlessness and depression and the like; through the high transdermal absorption rate of a nano micro-capsule technology, in combination with a colloid double-electrode-layer structure, capacitance-like micro-current is generated, in cooperation with lavender-chamomile-bitter orange flower and other herbal essence and GABA and melatonin active ingredients, the sleep center is adjusted in a multi-channel mode, and the physical sleep-aiding scheme is a new physical sleep-aiding scheme for safely replacing a sleeping drug.

The invention relates to the technical field of functional food processing, and discloses magnesium-rich gel soft sweets and a preparation method thereof. The jelly sweets comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3 to 15 weight percent of first gelling agent, 0.2 to 2 weight percent of second gelling agent, 20 to 50 weight percent of dietary fiber raw material, 10 to 40 weight percent of sugar alcohol raw material, 3 to 10 weight percent of acidity regulator, 0.3 to 1 weight percent of buffer salt, 0.4 to 2 weight percent of essence, 0.4 to 2 weight percent of pigment, 10 to 30 weight percent of mineral raw material and 0 to 0.5 weight percent of anti-sticking oil. The gel soft sweets are rich in magnesium element, and are suitable for people with magnesium deficiency, electrolyte supplementation after exercises and auxiliary conditioning of sleep disorders. The gel soft sweets are good in chewiness and coordinated in sour and sweet taste, sugar alcohol is partially replaced with low-GI dietary fibers, calorie intake is reduced, satiety is enhanced, intestinal health is supported, the taste is elastic, high-power sweeteners of sucralose and stevioside are not added, and the gel soft sweets are easily accepted by mass consumers.

Provided herein are 19-nor C3,3-disubstituted C21-pyrazolyl steroids of Formula (I):and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein , R1, R2, R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b, R5, R6, and R7 are as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical detection and monitoring, in particular to a neurology patient sleep disorder monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting and preprocessing body signals of a patient; s2, constructing a cross-modal association graph, and forming a heterogeneous graph structure with a time sequence weight and a modal label; s3, performing graph convolution and sparse attention operation on the cross-modal association graph, and executing node screening and edge weight updating; s4, time domain and frequency domain decomposition is carried out, and alignment is carried out based on time and frequency indexes; s5, performing segmentation and boundary calibration on the feature sequence, dividing sleep stages, and indexing and storing cross-modal fragments; s6, retrieving abnormal stage fragments, constructing abnormal feature sub-graphs and executing structure clustering operation; and S7, mapping the sleep disorder category labels and the cross-modal features to generate associated features and output results. According to the method, the cross-modal heterogeneous graph is constructed and the time-frequency features are fused, so that the recognition precision and the analysis depth of the sleep disorder of the patient in the neurology department are improved.

The invention discloses a postoperative sleep disorder key factor identification method, and belongs to the technical field of medical informatics, and the method comprises the steps: collecting data, and preprocessing the data into a candidate feature set; carrying out feature importance calculation by adopting evaluation methods of at least five different principles; the importance and stability of the features are evaluated through score and ranking analysis path fusion; the features are divided into four quadrants according to importance and stability indexes by using a two-dimensional scatter diagram, and feature classification is performed, so that key factors of the postoperative sleep disorder are accurately positioned. The method improves the robustness and consistency of feature evaluation through multi-model fusion, reduces the deviation of a single method, achieves the precise recognition of key factors of postoperative sleep disorders, supports the construction and intervention optimization of a clinical prediction model, and improves the diagnosis accuracy and patient management efficiency.

Disclosed is a method and an oral composition for treating CNS disorders. An embodiment of the invention comprises orally administering an allopregnanolone containing composition to a subject having a CNS disorder. Exemplary CNS disorders include sleep disorders, mood disorders, dysthymic disorders, bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, stress disorders, compulsive disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, memory disorders, cognition disorders, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, substance abuse disorders, dementia, pain, traumatic brain injury (TBI), vascular disease, withdrawal syndrome, and tinnitus. The composition and methods disclosed herein exhibit effective oral absorption / bioavailability.

Introduced are methods and systems for monitoring a person's sleeping patterns, and detecting episodes of sleeping disorders such as snoring and sleep apnea. In one embodiment, a sensor strip attached to the mattress monitors the user's breathing, and detects signature frequencies corresponding to snoring and sleep apnea. Once a sleeping disorder is detected, a notification can be sent to a device associated with the user, or the user's bed can be automatically adjusted to alleviate the sleeping disorder.

The invention discloses a correlation analysis method for sleep disorder and cardiovascular adverse events of an MINOCA patient, relates to the field of clinical decision of cardiovascular diseases, and aims to perform anti-factual reasoning on data of a specific patient based on a structural causal model and simulate the correlation between sleep disorder and cardiovascular adverse events of the patient under the condition of changing one or more sleep characteristic variables. The theoretical change value of the cardiovascular adverse event risk of the patient is calculated, and the expected risk reduction benefit of intervention is calculated; and generating a decision support report, and performing visual display. According to the method, by means of time sequence causal discovery and a structural causal model, the causal relationship and effect quantification of sleep features, intermediary indexes and adverse events are defined, and a core action mechanism is revealed; a personalized intervention effect is simulated through anti-factual reasoning, and a precise risk prediction and intervention basis is provided for clinic; the visual decision support report reduces the clinical application threshold, assists in optimizing the personalized treatment scheme of the MINOCA patient, and effectively reduces the risk of cardiovascular adverse events.

Described herein are steroids of Formula (I):and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2a, R2b, R3, R4, R5a, R5b, R6, and Z are as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

Provided are systems, methods, and devices for providing mediation or alleviation of sleep disorders and insomnia. Systems may include an interface, processing devices, and a controller. The interface is configured to obtain measurements from a brain of a user with sleeping disorders and insomnia. A first processing device is configured to generate multiple brain state parameters characterizing one or more features of a brain state of the user. A second processing device is configured to generate models of the brain of the user based on the plurality of brain state parameters and the plurality of measurements, and determine, using the models and training data comprising one or more mediation data points, a mediation procedure for reducing one or more symptoms of the sleeping disorder or insomnia. The mediation procedure is provided to one or more entities, and one or more control signals are generated by the controller based on the mediation procedure.

The invention discloses a strain for preventing and treating Parkinson's disease as well as a composition, application and a product thereof, and relates to the technical field of microorganisms. The invention provides three strains from human milk, namely lactobacillus helveticus LV-20, plant lactobacillus LPP8 and lactobacillus fermentum PL-15, the invention further provides a composition capable of preventing and treating the Parkinson's disease, and the three strains can well prevent and treat the Parkinson's disease and can be used for preventing and treating the Parkinson's disease. The composition can significantly improve dyskinesia (such as static tremor, muscle stiffness, movement retardation, posture balance and the like), reduce neuron damage, significantly reduce alpha-syn deposition, reverse sensory function degradation and cognitive disorder, relieve sleep disorder, inhibit neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, reduce and repair intestinal barrier damage, relieve gastrointestinal dysfunction, and improve the curative effect. As probiotics or synbiotics, products for treating and preventing Parkinson's disease have a wide application prospect.

The present disclosure provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a cannabinoid, and dosage forms comprising same, for oral delivery, such as sublingual or buccal delivery. The compositions of the present disclosure are substantially homogeneous and remain stable and monophasic upon storage. Also provided are methods of using the compositions for pain management and to treat various diseases and conditions, including dementia, sleep disorders, movement disorders, mental disorders, and multiple sclerosis.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine compound composition with an effect of preventing and treating radioactive injury as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine compound composition is prepared from 5-15 parts of American ginseng, 3-6 parts of sea-buckthorn and 10-30 parts of rhizoma polygonati. The composition is proportioned and optimized according to the theory of treatment based on syndrome differentiation, and the medicines are combined to achieve the effects of tonifying qi, activating blood and nourishing yin. Clinical experiment results show that the traditional Chinese medicine compound composition provided by the invention has a remarkable effect of preventing and treating radioactive injury, particularly has a remarkable curative effect in the aspects of improving oral mucositis, dry mouth, weakness, sleep disorder and the like after radiotherapy, and is safe in clinical medication.

Provided herein are 19-nor C3, 3-disubstituted steroids of Formula (I); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined herein, and A is a heteroaryl ring system comprising 3 or 4 nitrogens as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

Aspects of disclosure relate to a composition and methodology for treating menopause symptoms utilizing a cannabinoid-based nanoplatform composition. The composition includes phytocannabinoids like CBD, CBG, and CBN, alongside isoflavones and polyphenols, all integrated into nanoplatform designed for enhanced bioavailability and controlled release. The formulation is designed to alleviate key menopause-related issues, including vasomotor symptoms (VMS), genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), bone loss, mood disturbances, and sleep disorders, while addressing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. The composition combines cannabinoids, such as CBD, with isoflavones and polyphenols, and is incorporated into nanoplatforms for enhanced delivery and efficacy. Additionally, the disclosure includes a kit comprising oral capsules, intravaginal ovules, and instructions for use. The capsules contain a blend of cannabinoids, flavonoids, and polyphenols, while the ovules are composed of CBD and cocoa butter. The kit provides a comprehensive solution for managing menopause symptoms and mitigating cardiovascular risks.

The present invention refers to compounds of formula (I). The present invention also relates to compounds of formula (I) for use as G Protein coupled Receptor 139 (GPR139) antagonists in methods of medical treatment of e.g. depression, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, drug addiction, sleep disorders, pain, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Exemplary compounds are e.g. 3-((1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl)-6′-(phenyl)-2H-(1,2′-bipyridin)-2-one derivatives and related compounds. The present description discloses the synthesis and characterisation of exemplary compounds, pharmacological data thereof, as well as exemplary tablet formulations comprising the compounds of the invention (e.g. page 83 to page 110; examples 1 to 33; reference example 1; test examples 1 and 2; tables 1 to 4).

Administration of pentadecanoylcarnitine or pentadecanoic acid is provided for prevention, management or treatment of aggression, allergies, allergic rhinitis, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety and anxiety disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, arthritis, asthma, atherosclerosis, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipoloar disorder, brain damage, cancer, cardiovascular disease, cholestatic pruritis, depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cocaine abuse, cough, dermatitis, depression, drug-seeking behavior, gastrointestinal disorders, facial erythema associated with rosacea, glaucoma, hepatic diseases, hyperactive bladder, hypersensitivity disorders, hypertension, impulsivity, inflammation, mental disorders and conditions, metabolic disorders, migraines, nasal and sinus congestion, nausea, neuropathic pain with and symptoms of multiple sclerosis, neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, obesity, obsessive-compulsive disorders, opioid-induced respiratory depression, osteoarthritis, pain, Parkinson disease, pathological gambling, peptic ulcers, schizophrenia, sleep disorders, spinal cord injury, tardive dyskinesia, tics and behavioral problems with Tourette's syndrome; as well as for supporting appetite, cardiovascular health, hematologic health, memory, metabolic health, mood, prolonged REM sleep, renal health, sexuality, sociability and metabolic, hematological, renal, and weight loss.

The invention relates to a novel compound as a 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist, and a preparation method and a pharmaceutical composition thereof. The invention also relates to application of the compound or the pharmaceutical composition in preparation of drugs for treating 5-HT2A receptor related diseases, wherein the diseases comprise non-motor symptoms caused by Parkinson's disease, such as delusional disorder, hallusion, depression, anxiety, cognitive disorder and sleep disorder; dementia-related mental disorders; major depression; or negative symptoms of schizophrenia and the like.

The invention relates to a composition with sleep aiding and skin repairing effects and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cosmetics. The invention provides a composition with sleep aiding and skin repairing effects. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 72 to 114 parts of compound plant essential oil, 3 to 5 parts of ceramide NP and 1 to 3 parts of sodium hyaluronate, the compound plant essential oil is prepared from lavender essential oil, sweet orange essential oil, chamomile essential oil, rosemary essential oil and rhodiola rosea essential oil; the rhodiola rosea essential oil is obtained by fermenting a mixed strain composed of kluyveromyces lactis and trichoderma asperellum and then extracting essential oil. The research shows that the mixed strain fermentation can synergistically improve the extraction rate of the rhodiola rosea essential oil. In addition, the compound plant essential oil provided by the invention can also synergistically improve the anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and anti-allergy repair capabilities of the composition and has the effect of improving sleep disorders, so that the composition has better sleep aiding and skin repairing effects at the same time.

The invention relates to an application of propylamine bromide (C23H30BrNO3) in the treatment of sleep disorder, in particular to an application of propylamine bromide (C23H30BrNO3) in the treatment of sleep disorder. Existing sleep drugs are generally ineffective to sleep disorders related to circadian rhythm, and benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine hypnotics have significant side effects such as dependency, cognitive disorder and dizziness, so that long-term use of the traditional sleep drugs is limited. According to the invention, a per3 gene defect zebrafish model is used for drug screening, and a new application of a clinically used drug, namely propylamine bromide, in preparation of drugs for treating sleep disorders is provided for the first time, especially those which are insensitive to existing sedative drugs or related to circadian rhythm disorder, and have no toxic or side effects on sleep disorders. The optimal curative effect can be achieved in the indications by 20 mu M, the sleep-awakening cycle disorder caused by PER3 defects is improved, and the normal sleep-awakening cycle is recovered.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition and a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating sleep disorder caused by new coronavirus infection and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. Aiming at the problems that no medicine with definite curative effect exists for sleep disorder of a new coronavirus infected patient at present, and the medicine can only depend on the individual immunity of the patient to resist, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicinal materials in parts by weight: 10g of radix pseudostellariae, 12g of radix paeoniae rubra, 10g of radix salviae miltiorrhizae, 6g of rhodiola rosea, 6g of exocarpium citri grandis, 5g of ginger processed pinellia, 15g of poria cocos, 15g of poria with hostwood, 15g of herba patriniae, 15g of tuber fleeceflower stem, 12g of hairyvein agrimony, 6g of liquorice, 10g of chrysanthemum and 6g of cassia twig. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is based on the principles of tonifying qi and activating blood, reducing phlegm and dredging collaterals, and clearing pestilence and soothing nerves, all the medicines are synergistic and supplement one another, the blood oxygen concentration and the red blood cell oxygen carrying capacity of a human body are improved, the blood viscosity is reduced, microcirculation is promoted, residual toxins are eliminated, and patients are helped to recover high-quality sleep.

The invention discloses an application of a CHRNA3 agonist in treatment of sleep disorders. The application finds that the CHRNA3 agonist varenicline can effectively relieve the sleep disorder reaction for the first time, on this basis, the invention provides a new application of the CHRNA3 agonist varenicline in treating the sleep disorder, and meanwhile, provides a method for screening candidate drugs for treating diseases caused by hypoxia stress, and provides a new application of the CHRNA3 agonist varenicline in treating the sleep disorder. A new treatment means is provided for sleep disorder, especially sleep disorder caused by hypoxia stress.

The invention relates to a cerebroprotein peptide and casein hydrolysate composition and application thereof in improving sleep and memory, and belongs to the technical field of biological protein peptides. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, Maillard modification of the casein enzymolysis primary product is realized by screening the enzymolysis protease of the bovine milk casein and screening the carbonyl compound which is subjected to Maillard reaction with the casein enzymolysis primary product, so that the reducing power, the metal ion chelating capacity and the antioxidant capacity of the casein hydrolysate are effectively improved; furthermore, free radicals in the body are removed, oxidative stress reaction is relieved, and a good foundation is laid for improving sleep quality. The brain protein peptide and the casein hydrolysate are compounded, so that the sleep latency can be effectively shortened, the sleep rate can be increased, the sleep can be effectively improved, the content of dopamine and noradrenaline in hypothalamus can be reduced, the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine and the content of aminobutanoin can be increased, and the brain protein peptide composition has good effects of relieving and treating sleep disorders and improving memory.

The present disclosure relates to a composition for preventing, ameliorating or treating sleep disorder or insomnia, which contains an extract of a roasted citrus byproduct as an active ingredient. The extract of a roasted citrus byproduct of the present disclosure has very excellent effect of decreasing sleep latency, increasing sleep duration and increasing non-REM sleep. In addition, the composition of the present disclosure, which contains ingredients derived from the naturally occurring citrus byproduct, can ensure safety without inducing the side effects of synthetic drugs including pentobarbital and benzodiazepine and with no side effects such as cognitive impairment, tolerance or dependency even after long-term use. Accordingly, the composition for preventing, alleviating or treating sleep disorder, which contains an extract of a roasted citrus byproduct as an active ingredient, of the present disclosure is very useful for preparation of a food composition and a pharmaceutical composition.

The application discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating postprandial discomfort syndrome with sleep disorder, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of Radix Bupleuri, 15-20 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 20-25 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 10-15 parts of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, 15-20 parts of Radix Paeoniae Alba, 10-15 parts of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, 10-15 parts of Rhizoma Pinelliae Praeparatum, 10-15 parts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 10-15 parts of Fructus Amomi Rotundus, and 10-15 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae Praeparata Cum Melle. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effects of soothing liver and invigorating spleen, regulating qi and adjusting center, and has good effects on improving symptoms such as upper abdominal pain and postprandial fullness, and has good safety. Meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine composition can effectively relieve symptoms such as anxiety and depression caused by gastrointestinal discomfort, and has remarkable curative effects on postprandial discomfort syndrome with sleep disorder.

The invention provides an agilawood leaf-containing sleep-aiding beverage and a preparation method thereof, the agilawood leaf-containing sleep-aiding beverage takes agilawood leaf, spina date seed, lily and longan as main raw materials, and is added with South African drunken solanum extract, shiitake mushroom theanine, crocetin nano-liposome and other components. The agilawood leaves are subjected to alkaline aqueous solution soaking debitterizing and CO2 supercritical degreasing, and the processes of raw material gradient extraction, nano-liposome preparation and the like are combined, so that a finished product is prepared. All the components have a synergistic effect, so that neurotransmitter is adjusted, brain circulation is improved, the sleep latency is effectively shortened, and the sleep duration is prolonged. Animal experiments and electronic tongue tests show that the beverage is remarkable in sleep aiding effect, smooth in taste, low in bitter taste and astringent taste and good in stability, and a natural and healthy sleep aiding beverage choice is provided for people suffering from mild sleep disorder.

The invention discloses an adjustable OSA treatment device convenient to wear, and belongs to the technical field of sleep disorder treatment.The adjustable OSA treatment device convenient to wear is provided with a positioning clamping base, a movable screw rod, a first slope top block, a fixed pressing plate and a compression spring, and after an oral appliance and a fixed base which are combined are placed between the positioning clamping base and the fixed pressing plate, the oral appliance and the fixed base are fixed; the fixed pressing plate is loosened, the fixed pressing plate is jacked to the fixed seat under the springback action of the pressure spring, so that the combined oral appliance and the fixed seat are clamped between the positioning clamping seat and the fixed pressing plate, and the movable screw rod is reversely rotated to control the first inclined plane jacking block to move downwards to be close to the second inclined plane jacking block; the movable screw rod is locked and fixed by tightening the locking screw sleeve until the first inclined plane top block is tightly attached to the second inclined plane top block, so that the second inclined plane top block is limited and clamped by the first inclined plane top block; the combined oral appliance and the fixed seat are clamped and fixed between the positioning clamping seat and the fixed pressing plate, so that the oral appliance and the fixed seat are not easy to loosen and fall off when being cleaned and disinfected.