42 results about "Breath sampling" patented technology

An electronic system and method for detecting analytes, such as carbon dioxide, is provided, using an improved nanostructure sensor (CO2 sensor). The CO2 sensor may comprise a substrate and a nanostructure, such as a one or more carbon nanotubes disposed over the substrate (e.g., as a network). One or more conductive elements may electrically communicate with the nanostructure. A counter or gate electrode may be positioned adjacent the nanostructure. A functionalization material reactive with carbon dioxide may be included, either disposed in contact with the nanostructure or isolated by a dielectric. The sensor may be connected to a circuit responsive to changes in CO2 concentration in the environment. Embodiments are described of medical sensing systems including one or more CO2 sensors. One embodiment comprises a breath sampling cannula which is connected to a sensor unit. In an alternative, the cannula permits supplemental oxygen to be administered, while recovering and measuring analytes in breath samples. The cannula may connect to a portable processor-display unit for monitoring one or more analytes, such as CO2. Another embodiment includes a cannula configured for the monitoring of sleep disorders, such as apnea, comprising one or more sensors disposed adjacent a breath sampling channel, optionally including flow rate or other sensors. The sensors may be connected by wired or wireless links for to a processor/input/display unit. Any of the embodiments may include filters, selectively permeable membranes, absorbents, and the like to precondition the breath sample, may be configured to include complementary chemistry measurements.

An interlock device for measuring the sobriety of a potential vehicle operator is coupled to the starting mechanism of the vehicle. The interlock device includes a microprocessor controlled handset and base unit. The base unit encloses relays to preclude the starting mechanism from engaging if a predetermined acceptable threshold level of blood alcohol content has been exceeded. The relays receive a signal, through the base unit microprocessor, from the handset microprocessor which has calculated the blood alcohol content of a breath sample introduced into the handset by the vehicle operator. A breath sampling housing is enclosed within the handset in axial alignment with an intake port of the handset. A water filter and valve are positioned upstream from an electrochemical fuel cell. The fuel cell is coupled to the microprocessor. A pressure transducer measures the pressure of the breath sample. The handset microprocessor calculates a pressure offset through an algorithmic equation and applies the offset to the variable reading across the fuel cell to provide a normalized blood alcohol content measurement.

An endoscopic bite block, with teeth position defining regions which guide the subject's teeth to grip the bite block in their natural position, with the teeth of the upper jaw positioned further out than the lower jaw teeth. These teeth position defining regions are also preferably curved to match the curved shape of the jaw. The upper and lower parts of the front plate of the bite block may also be positioned at different distances out, so that upper and lower lip regions both contact the front plate snuggly. The bite block may be used with separate oral/nasal cannulae, or may incorporate breath sampling or gas supply cannulae. A flexible flapped curtain at the outer end of the bite block may be provided to largely enclose the inner volume of the bite block to enable more accurate capnographic sampling under conditions of wide-open mouth breathing.

A method and an apparatus for measuring the concentration of a specific gas component of a gas mixture including another gas whose concentration is independently known using light absorption spectroscopy are provided. A method and an apparatus for assessing human airway inflammation by measuring the concentration of exhaled NO and CO₂ present in orally exhaled breath using light absorption spectroscopy are also provided. NO concentration is determined at the time during breath sampling corresponding to a known exhaled CO₂ concentration. Methods and apparatus are further provided for measuring NO concentration in orally exhaled human breath that analyze breath emanating from the lower airways and lungs, while excluding breath from the nasal cavity. They include steps and apparatus for discarding initially exhaled breath, flowing breath through an analysis chamber using a vacuum pump and flowing breath through an analysis chamber using a vacuum pump at an initial flow rate and later at a flow rate higher than the initial flow rate.

A hollow container defining a sample chamber is formed of at least two parts (30, 40) which fit together and have apertures (34, 36; 44, 46) therein. One of the parts (40) is displaceable relative to the other part (30) between a first relative disposition of the parts in which the apertures are open so as to provide a clear path for air to pass through the container and a second relative disposition of the parts in which the apertures are closed so that there is no path for air to pass through and a volume of air is trapped in the chamber. In one version the part (40) is axially moveable relative to the other part (30). In another version where the parts are tubular one of the parts is rotatable relative to the other. In other versions the apertures are in respective end closures and end caps located thereover and the end caps are rotatable to align the apertures and open the chamber for air to pass through. In other versions, one of the parts is pivotable or bendable relative to the other to open or close the respective apertures. In yet other versions one part is rotatable on an axis transverse to the axis of the other part to open or close the respective apertures.

A composition, apparatuses and a methods for collecting and detecting compounds, including but not limited to volatile organic compounds, in a human breath sample are provided. In some embodiments, there is provided a glass-wool matrix and a sorbent material distributed throughout the glass-wool matrix.

Breath analysis systems and methods test for infectious diseases in exhaled breath gas or condensate. An automatic breath sampling system can obtain reliable samples over a variety of clinical situations. In some variations, the system is modular system and can protect the equipment and clinician from contamination. In some variations, the system can be a point-of-care rapid-result instrument. In some variations, can be configured for off-line analysis in which case the collected sample is presented to a stand-alone analyzer for measurement.

The invention relates to an endogenous gas nose expiration sampling and analyzing device. The endogenous gas nose expiration sampling and analyzing device is composed of an expiration pressure monitoring module (100), a nose sampling module (200) and an analysis module (300), wherein the expiration pressure monitoring module (100) is composed of a mouth expiration connector (101) and a resistance part (103) which are connected in series, and a gas circuit is connected with a pressure sensor (102); the nose sampling module (200) is composed of a nose inspiration connector (201), a nose expiration connector (202), a bacterial filter (203), a three-way valve I (204), a three-way valve II (205), an air chamber (206), an environment filter (207) and a variable flow sampling module (400); the three-way valve I (204) and the three-way valve II (205) are used for switching collected nose sample gas or filtered environmental gas; and the analysis module (300) is composed of an analysis pump (301), a gas humidity regulator (302) and a NO sensor (303) which are connected in series.

An improved method of breath sampling, particularly adapted for use in connection with motor vehicle alcohol breath monitoring devices, comprises the sending of a drive signal to a piston pump to draw a breath sample into a sensing chamber, the pump being connected to the sensing chamber. The operational status of the pump is monitored by monitoring the condition of a switch associated with the pump which is adapted to change state when the pump piston is withdrawn into its pump housing as a proper reaction of the pump to its drive signal and return to its original state when the pump piston is no longer withdrawn. The state condition of the of the switch is used to confirm proper pump operation in drawing the breath sample into the chamber; if proper pump operation is confirmed, the breath sample can be accepted for further processing and analysis.

An expiratory sampling bag which is used for collecting the carbon dioxide expired by a subject in 13C-urea breath diagnosis comprises a bag body, an expiratory intake, an exhaust hole and a control valve for controlling the communication between the exhaust hole and the bag body or the expiratory intake. At the initial stage of the expiration process of the subject, the control valve of the expiratory sampling bag is in a state a, the exhaust hole is opened, and communicates with a gas passage between the exhaust hole and the expiratory intake, the subject continuously expires toward the expiratory intake, and the expired gas is exhausted out of the bag body via the exhaust hole; at the final stage of the expiration process, the control valve is operated to be in a state b, the exhaust hole is closed, the subject continues to expire until the bag body is filled up with the gas, and since the gas expired into the bag body is the gas of the final stage of the expiration process, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the expired gas sample is effectively increased.

The invention relates to an intelligent expiration sampling method and device. The sampling method includes the steps that adjustment is carried out with the differential algorithm, advanced intervention means are adopted, the complexity degree of a driving program is simplified, tiny adjustment is achieved, and flow changes tend to be gentle; flow is mutually matched with a tested person with theiterative algorithm to seek the suitable rule, and the aim that flow is harmoniously and smoothly adjusted in a human-computer-interaction mode is achieved; the sample device comprises a breathing filtering module, a flow control module, a gas discharging device, a gas collecting device, a sensor, a control unit, an interface and the like, and during expiration, the flow is fed back to the control unit through the sensor to control the flow control module to adjust the required flow; airflow is completely discharged through the discharging device, then enters the gas collecting device to complete the sampling process, the intelligent flow control algorithm is used in the flow control module according to signal changes of the sensor, and human-computer-interaction operation and parameter setting are carried out on the interface.

The invention relates to an electronic nose sampling data pre-calibration method based on a response curve differential characteristic. The method is suitable for adopting an electronic nose bionic sampling mode with a complete cycle in three cycles. The method comprises the steps that array sampling data acquired in an electronic nose bionic sampling manner are preprocessed in turn, and St is set as normalized relative conductivity change rate; St is differentiated through a sampling gradient method; the maximum of three ascending differential curves and the maximum of three descending differential curves of each sensor curve are extracted; the absolute value of three mean differentials of each sensor differential curve in a time period above a coordinate axis and the absolute value of three mean differentials in a time period above the coordinate axis are respectively calculated; the acquired maximum of the differential curve of each sensor is compared and judged; the acquired average differential of each sensor is compared and judged; and when the differential extremum and the mean differential meet the differential characteristic of bionic breath sampling, the sampling data of a sensor is accurately pre-calibrated.

The invention is applicable to the field of breath sampling devices with a virus purification effect, and provides a breath sampling device with a virus purification effect and an equivalent detectionmethod. The breath sampling device with the virus purification effect is used in conjunction with a collection structure, and comprises an gas-guide pipe, an airflow structure and a disinfection structure, wherein the gas-guide pipe is provided with a sampling port and an exhaust port, the sampling port is used to receive the breath of a user, the gas-guide pipe can contain the collection structure, and the collection structure is arranged between the sampling port and the exhaust port; the airflow structure is used to generate an airflow from the sampling port to the exhaust port in the gas-guide pipe; and the disinfection structure is arranged in the gas-guide pipe and positioned between the collection structure and the exhaust port, and is used for sterilizing and disinfecting the gasflowing through. The breath sampling device with the virus purification function provided by the invention can reduce the risk of infection of a collected person.

The invention provides an expiratory alcohol concentration test device for a human body, which comprises an expiratory sampling bag, a one-way air valve, a reagent tube, a pipe cap and two pipe body end sockets. The one-way air valve comprises a valve cylinder and a valve core arranged in the valve cylinder. A valve core baffle is arranged on the inner wall at one end of the valve cylinder, a cone-shaped circular baffle table is arranged on the inner wall in the middle of the valve cylinder, and a cone-shaped circular outer surface which is hermetically matched with the cone-shaped circular inner surface of the cone-shaped circular baffle table is arranged at one end of the valve core. The valve core is located between the one-shaped circular baffle table and the one-shaped circular baffle. The cone-shaped circular outer surface is arranged corresponding to the cone-shaped circular inner surface of the cone-shaped circular baffle table. The expiratory alcohol concentration test device for a human body has the advantages of accuracy in detection, hermetic storage of the detection reagent, convenience in judgment and use, and low cost.

The invention provides a quality inspection system of an expiration analyzer, which is used for detecting the sampling quality and the analysis quality of an expiration analyzer. The quality inspection system comprises an automatic air distribution unit, an expiration sampling quality inspection unit, an expiration analysis quality inspection unit and a master control unit, wherein the automatic air distribution unit is used for generating a simulated exhaled gas with settable gas components, the concentration, the temperature, the humidity and the flow; the expiration sampling quality inspection unit can be connected with an expiration analyzer to be inspected to detect the temperature, the humidity, the flow, the pressure and the time of the distributed gas passing by the expiration analyzer; the expiration analysis quality inspection unit is used for detecting the gas concentration result of the distributed gas detected by the expiration analyzer for analysis and determination; andthe master control unit comprises a control module, a GPRS-4G communication module, a data storage module, a screen and a visual operation interface, and can complete automatic gas distribution and expiration sampling analysis quality detection according to input requirements, thereby achieving quality inspection of the expiration analyzer.

The invention discloses a breath sampling device for lung cancer diagnosis. The breath sampling device comprises a gas cavity, wherein an exhaling head is fixed to one end of the gas cavity, and the exhaling head communicates with the internal part of the gas cavity; one end, away from the exhaling head, of the gas cavity is connected with an input end of a breath analyzing instrument through a gas duct; and a monitoring mechanism is fixed to the top of the gas cavity, and comprises connecting device, a detecting box, a gas pressure balancing device, an exhausting device, a gas pressure detecting device and an indicating device, wherein the detecting box is located directly over the gas cavity, besides, the bottom of the detecting box is fixed to the gas cavity through the connecting device, the gas pressure balancing device is fixed to the top of the detecting box, and the exhausting device is fixed to the gas cavity. According to the breath sampling device for lung cancer diagnosis disclosed by the invention, through the monitoring mechanism, the pressure intensity of gas exhaled from a patient can be detected, so that the size of the quantity of the gas exhaled from the patientcan be judged, the patient can be reminded to exhale an appropriate amount of gas, and the accuracy of lung cancer diagnosis can be increased.