The invention discloses a human energy metabolism detection device and a human energy metabolism detection method. The human energy metabolism detection device comprises a gas collecting and mixing part, a gas concentration analyzing part, a control unit and human-computer interaction equipment, wherein the gas collecting and mixing part comprises a breathing mask, a flow sensor, a pulse solenoid valve (1) and a micro mixing chamber, and the breathing mask, the flow sensor, the pulse solenoid valve (1) and the micro mixing chamber are connected in sequence through connecting pipes; the gas concentration analyzing part comprises a gas cylinder, a three-way solenoid valve, a pulse solenoid valve (2), an oxygen sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a throttle valve and a gas sucking pump (2), the gas cylinder, the three-way solenoid valve, the pulse solenoid valve (2), the oxygen sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor, the throttle valve and the gas sucking pump (2) are connected by connecting pipes in sequence, and the upper end opening and the right end opening of the three-way solenoid valve are respectively connected with the gas cylinder and the pulse solenoid valve (2). The human energy metabolism detection device and the human energy metabolism detection method have the advantages of high equal proportional sampling precision of human exhaled gas and discontinuity of a sampling process.