170 results about "Substance abuser" patented technology

Disclosed are devices and methods for detecting, preventing, and / or treating neurological disorders. These devices and methods utilize electrical stimulation, and comprise a unique concentric ring electrode component. The disclosed methods involve the positioning of multiple electrodes on the scalp of a mammal; monitoring the mammal's brain electrical patterns to identify the onset of a neurological event; identifying the location of the brain electrical patterns indicative of neurological event; and applying transcutaneous or transcranial electrical stimulation to the location of the neurological event to beneficially modify brain electrical patterns. The disclosed methods may be useful in the detection, prevention, and / or treatment of a variety of indications, such as epilepsy, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, phobia, schizophrenia, multiple personality disorder, migraine or headache, concussion, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, eating disorder, substance abuse, and anxiety. The disclosed methods may also be used in combination with other peripheral stimulation techniques.

This invention encompasses methods for the treatment and prevention of disorders that include, but are not limited to, eating disorders; weight gain; obesity; irritable bowel syndrome; obsessive-compulsive disorders; platelet adhesion; apnea; affective disorders such as attention deficit disorders, depression, and anxiety; male and female sexual function disorders; restless leg syndrome; osteoarthritis; substance abuse including nicotine and cocaine addiction; narcolepsy; pain such as neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy, and chronic pain; migraines; cerebral function disorders; chronic disorders such as premenstrual syndrome; and incontinence. The invention further encompasses pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms which comprise optically pure (+) sibutramine, optionally in combination with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor or a lipase inhibitor.

The potential for substance abuse involving residual amounts of abusable substances remaining in used skin-worn patches is reduced by the provision of a system and method for combining the abusable substance with a separate anti-abuse substance agent as part of a removal or disposal procedure.

The present invention is concerned with compounds of the general Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful as melanin concentrating hormone receptor antagonists, particularly MCH-1R antagonists. As such, compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment or prevention of obesity or eating disorders associated with excessive food intake and complications thereof, osteoarthritis, certain cancers, AIDS wasting, cachexia, frailty (particularly in elderly), mental disorders stress, cognitive disorders, sexual function, reproductive function, kidney function, locomotor disorders, attention deficit disorder (ADD), substance abuse disorders and dyskinesias, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, memory function, and spinal muscular atrophy. Compounds of formula I may therefore be used in the treatment of these conditions, and in the manufacture of a medicament useful in treating these conditions. Pharmaceutical formulations comprising one of the compounds of formula (I) as an active ingredient are disclosed, as are processes for preparing these compounds.

Disclosed are devices and methods for detecting, preventing, and / or treating neurological disorders. These devices and methods utilize electrical stimulation, and comprise a unique concentric ring electrode component. The disclosed methods involve the positioning of multiple electrodes on the scalp of a mammal; monitoring the mammal's brain electrical patterns to identify the onset of a neurological event; identifying the location of the brain electrical patterns indicative of neurological event; and applying transcutaneous or transcranial electrical stimulation to the location of the neurological event to beneficially modify brain electrical patterns. The disclosed methods may be useful in the detection, prevention, and / or treatment of a variety of indications, such as epilepsy, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, phobia, schizophrenia, multiple personality disorder, migraine or headache, concussion, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, eating disorder, substance abuse, and anxiety. The disclosed methods may also be used in combination with other peripheral stimulation techniques.

A therapeutic method in which plural points on the body are stimulated by light of different wavelengths emitted from wands, probes or other applicators under the control of a central microprocessor. The microprocessor executes program instructions to produce light at each applicator whose intensity, frequency, duration and pulsation accord with protocols which are automatically selected depending on the portion of the body being treated. The protocols can be manually overridden by the therapist, in which case the changed parameters are stored in memory. The apparatus is particularly useful in performing traditional therapeutic methods to treat internal disorders, substance abuse, pediatric and podiatric problems and disorders of the ear, nose, throat, as well as musculoskeletal, neurological or dermatological disorders.

The present invention is concerned with compounds of the general Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful as melanin concentrating hormone receptor antagonists, particularly MCH-1R antagonists. As such, compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment or prevention of obesity or eating disorders associated with excessive food intake and complications thereof, osteoarthritis, certain cancers, AIDS wasting, cachexia, frailty (particularly in elderly), mental disorders stress, cognitive disorders, sexual function, reproductive function, kidney function, locomotor disorders, attention deficit disorder (ADD), substance abuse disorders and dyskinesias, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, memory function, and spinal muscular atrophy. Compounds of formula I may therefore be used in the treatment of these conditions, and in the manufacture of a medicament useful in treating these conditions. Pharmaceutical formulations comprising one of the compounds of formula (I) as an active ingredient are disclosed, as are processes for preparing these compounds.

Computer modeling of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain, for example in a normal and a pathological state resembling schizophrenia which pathological state has inputs representing the effects of a drug(s), for the purpose of using the outputs to predict the effect of drugs in psychiatric and cognitive diseases on one or more clinical scales. Diseases that can be modeled include psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, ADHD, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance abuse and cognitive deficits therein and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Mild Cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, stroke, vascular dementia, Huntington's disease, epilepsy and Down syndrome. The computer model preferably uses the biological state of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain, to define the biological processes related to the biological state of the generic synapse model, the striatum, Locus Coeruleus, Dorsal raphe, hippocampus, amygdala and cortex, as well as certain mathematical relationships related to interactions among biological variables associated with the biological processes.

A therapeutic method in which plural points on the body are stimulated by light of different wavelengths emitted from wands, probes or other applicators under the control of a central microprocessor. The microprocessor executes program instructions to produce light at each applicator whose intensity, frequency, duration and pulsation accord with protocols which are automatically selected depending on the portion of the body being treated. The protocols can be manually overridden by the therapist, in which case the changed parameters are stored in memory. The apparatus is particularly useful in performing traditional therapeutic methods to treat internal disorders, substance abuse, pediatric and podiatric problems and disorders of the ear, nose, throat, as well as musculoskeletal, neurological or dermatological disorders.

The present invention relates to a method of treating disorders including cognition impairment, generalized anxiety disorder, acute stress disorder, social phobia, simple phobias, pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, social anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, eating disorders, obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, substance abuse disorders, chemical dependencies, nicotine addiction, cocaine addiction, alcohol addiction, amphetamine addiction, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, late luteal phase syndrome, narcolepsy, psychiatric symptoms anger, rejection sensitivity, movement disorders, extrapyramidal syndrome, Tic disorder, restless leg syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, sleep related eating disorder, night eating syndrome, stress urinary incontinence, migraine, neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and male impotence. This method involves administering to a patient in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed compound. Such compounds are 4-phenyl substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines having the Formula IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA or IIIC as set forth herein.

An activity monitor which can be pre-programmed at the factory, the doctors office or the pharmacist, or that can be programmed by the user. The activity monitor is affixed to a medicine bottle or container and activity associated with the bottle or container, such as movement, opening, volume changes, etc. are monitored in view to the schedule. The activity monitor records and allows for the analysis of the recorded data to determine is there is a likelihood of substance abuse.

The present invention is concerned with compounds of the general Formula I:and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful as melanin concentrating hormone receptor antagonists, particularly MCH-1R antagonists. As such, compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment or prevention of obesity or eating disorders associated with excessive food intake and complications thereof, osteoarthritis, certain cancers, AIDS wasting, cachexia, frailty (particularly in elderly), mental disorders stress, cognitive disorders, sexual function, reproductive function, kidney function, locomotor disorders, attention deficit disorder (ADD), substance abuse disorders and dyskinesias, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, memory function, and spinal muscular atrophy. Compounds of formula I may therefore be used in the treatment of these conditions, and in the manufacture of a medicament useful in treating these conditions. Pharmaceutical formulations comprising one of the compounds of formula (I) as an active ingredient are disclosed, as are processes for preparing these compounds.

Provided herein are 19-nor C3,3-disubstituted C21-pyrazolyl steroids of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein, R1, R2, R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b, R5, R6, and R7 are as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

An activity monitor which can be pre-programmed at the factory, the doctors office or the pharmacist, or that can be programmed by the user. The activity monitor is affixed to a medicine bottle or container and activity associated with the bottle or container, such as movement, opening, volume changes, etc. are monitored in view to the schedule. The activity monitor records and allows for the analysis of the recorded data to determine is there is a likelihood of substance abuse.

Provided herein are 19-nor C3,3-disubstituted C21-pyrazolyl steroids of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein-, R1, R2, R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b, R5, R6, and R7 are as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful NI for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

Pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed for the treatment of alcohol or cocaine dependence or addiction, tobacco dependence or addiction, reduction of alcohol withdrawal symptoms or aiding in the cessation or lessening of alcohol use or substance abuse or other behavioral dependencies including gambling. The pharmaceutical compositions are comprised of a therapeutically effective combination of an opioid receptor antagonist and a CB-1 receptor antagonist and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The method of using these compounds is also disclosed.

Provided herein are 3,3-disubstituted 19-nor-steroidal compounds according to Formula (I): and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, tinnitus, and status epilepticus.

Provided herein are 3,3-disubstituted 19-nor-steroidal compounds according to Formula (I): and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, tinnitus, and status epilepticus.

Provided herein are 19-nor C3,3-disubstituted steroids of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein, , R1, R2, R3a, R3b, R4a, and R4b are as defined herein, and A is a carbon bound substituted or unsubstituted 5-to6-membered heteroaryl ring as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

Provided herein are 3,3-disubstituted 19-nor-steroidal compounds according to Formula (I): and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, disorders of memory and / or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and / or withdrawal syndromes, tinnitus, status epilepticus.

The invention relates to formulations and methods for preventing and / or treating substance abuse, addiction, withdrawal symptoms, and anticipation associated with substance abuse. In particular the invention relates to formulations comprising at least one processed Morinda citrifolia L. product, and methods comprising the administration of at least one processed Morinda citrifolia L product to prevent and / or treat substance abuse, addiction, withdrawal symptoms, and anticipation associated with substance abuse in living organisms. Embodiments of the invention further comprise Morinda citrifolia based nutraceuticals and administration thereof to affect regulation of dopamine levels, inhibition of opioid receptors, inhibition of mu opioid receptors, inhibition of kappa opioid receptors, inhibition of delta opioid receptors, acting as NMDA antagonist, inhibition of sensitization of NMDA receptors, and / or acting as opiate antagonists.

The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric disorders, substance abuse disorders, and other conditions, e.g., cardiovascular disease and cancer, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, adenosine-elevating compound, omega-3 fatty acids, or combinations thereof to a mammal. The invention further provides methods of enhancing neurodevelopment and delaying premature pregnancy by administration of an effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, adenosine-elevating compound, omega-3 fatty acids, or combinations thereof to a mammal.

Computer modeling of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain, for example in a normal and a pathological state resembling schizophrenia which pathological state has inputs representing the effects of a drug(s), for the purpose of using the outputs to predict the effect of drugs in psychiatric and cognitive diseases. A method is provided for developing a computer model of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain which comprises the steps of identifying data relating to a biological state of a generic synapse model, the striatum, Locus Coeruleus, Dorsal raphe, hippocampus, amygdala and cortex; identifying biological processes related to the data, these identified biological processes defining at least one portion of the biological state of the generic synapse model, the striatum, Locus Coeruleus, Dorsal raphe, hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex; and combining the biological processes to form a simulation of the biological state of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain. Diseases that can be modeled include psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, ADHD, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance abuse and cognitive deficits therein and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Mild Cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, stroke, vascular dementia, Huntington's disease, epilepsy and Down syndrome. A resulting computer model is of the biological state of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain, comprising code to define the biological processes related to the biological state of the generic synapse model, the striatum, Locus Coeruleus, Dorsal raphe, hippocampus, amygdala and cortex, and code to define the mathematical relationships related to interactions among biological variables associated with the biological processes. At least two of the biological processes are associated with the mathematical relationships. A combination of the code to define the biological processes and the code to define the mathematical relationships define a simulation of the biological state of the interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain. Computer executable software code is provided comprised of code to define biological processes related to a biological state of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain including code to define mathematical relations associated with the biological processes. A computer model of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain is provided, comprising a computer-readable memory storing codes and a processor coupled to the computer-readable memory, the processor configured to execute the codes. The memory comprises code to define biological processes related to the biological state of interactions between and among cortico and subcortical areas of the human brain, and code to define mathematical relationships related to interactions among biological variables associated with the biological processes.

Methods for treating an individual with a psychiatric order with a pharmacologic agent that enhances learning or conditioning in combination with a session of psychotherapy are provided. These methods of the invention encompass a variety of methods of psychotherapy, including exposure-based psychotherapy, cognitive psychotherapy, and psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy, and psychiatric orders including fear and anxiety disorders, addictive disorders including substance-abuse disorders, and mood disorders. The pharmacologic agents used for the methods of the present invention are ones that generally enhance learning or conditioning, including those that increase the level of norepinephrine in the brain, those that increase the level of acetylcholine in the brain, and those that enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor transmission in the brain.

The present invention relates to the compound of formula which is 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid(4-methoxy-7-morpholin-4-yl-benzothiazol-2-yl)-amide, and to pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. It has been found that the compound is useful for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, neuroprotection, schizophrenia, anxiety, pain, respiration deficits, depression, ADHD (attention deficit hyper-activity disorder), drug addiction to amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, ethanol, nicotine, or cannabinoids, or for the treatment of asthma, allergic responses, hypoxia, ischemia, seizure, substance abuse, or for use as muscle relaxants, antipsychotics, antiepileptics, anticonvulsants and cardioprotective agents.

Novel compounds of the structural formula (I) are antagonists and / or inverse agonists of the Cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor and are useful in the treatment, prevention and suppression of diseases mediated by the CB1 receptor. The compounds of the present invention are useful as centrally acting drugs in the treatment of psychosis, memory deficits, cognitive disorders, migraine, neuropathy, neuro-inflammatory disorders including multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome and the inflammatory sequelae of viral encephalitis, cerebral vascular accidents, and head trauma, anxiety disorders, stress, epilepsy, Parkinson s disease, movement disorders, and schizophrenia. The compounds are also useful for the treatment of substance abuse disorders, the treatment of obesity or eating disorders, as well as the treatment of asthma, constipation, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and cirrhosis of the liver.

The compounds are of the class of benzisoxazolyl-, pyridoisoxazolyl- and benzthienyl-phenoxy derivatives, useful as D4 antagonists. Said compounds are useful for the treatment of medical conditions mediated by inhibition of D4 receptor. These conditions comprise, for example, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychoses, Substance Abuse, Substance Dependence, Parkinson's Disease, Parkinsonism, Tardive Diskinesia, Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. A further aspect of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition, intermediates, and a method of making said class of compounds.

Novel compounds of the structural formula (I) are antagonists and / or inverse agonists of the Cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor and are useful in the treatment, prevention and suppression of diseases mediated by the CB1 receptor. The compounds of the present invention are useful as centrally acting drugs in the treatment of psychosis, memory deficits, cognitive disorders, migraine, neuropathy, neuro-inflammatory disorders including multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome and the inflammatory sequelae of viral encephalitis, cerebral vascular accidents, and head trauma, anxiety disorders, stress, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, movement disorders, and schizophrenia. The compounds are also useful for the treatment of substance abuse disorders, the treatment of obesity or eating disorders, as well as the treatment of asthma, constipation, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and cirrhosis of the liver.

A system for monitoring an individual for substance use includes at least one of a transdermal sensor and a body communications subsystem. When provided, the transdermal sensor is used to periodically test for consumption of a selected substance by the individual, the results of which are selectively logged for compliance review by monitoring authorities. When provided, the body communications subsystem uses the body of the individual as a communications path for signals transmitted by a transmitting device storing identification information for the individual to a receiving device for extracting the identification information and identifying the individual.