120 results about "Wakefulness" patented technology

An approach to collecting and organizing information associated with events affecting sleep is presented. The sleep logbook system may acquire information associated with the sleep during periods of sleep and / or during periods of wakefulness. The information is organized as a sleep logbook entry. The user can access the sleep information by operating a user interface. The information may be presented in textual or graphical form.

An approach to collecting and organizing information associated with events affecting sleep is presented. The sleep logbook system may acquire information associated with the sleep during periods of sleep and / or during periods of wakefulness. The information is organized as a sleep logbook entry. The user can access the sleep information by operating a user interface. The information may be presented in textual or graphical form.

The invention provides methods of screening for a compound for promoting wakefulness in a mammal. The method is practiced by providing a compound that is a PrRP receptor agonist and determining the ability of the compound to promote wakefulness. Also provided by the invention are methods of screening for a compound for promoting sleep in a mammal. The methods are practiced by providing a compound that is a PrRP receptor antagonist and determining the ability of the compound to promote sleep. In addition, the invention provides a method of promoting wakefulness in a mammal. The method is practiced by administering to a mammal an effective amount of a PrRP receptor agonist. The invention further provides a method of promoting sleep in a mammal. The method is practiced by administering to a mammal an effective amount of a PrRP receptor antagonist.

Analysis of individual's serial changes, also referred to as the physiological, pathophysiological, medical or health dynamics, is the backbone of medical diagnosis, monitoring and patient healthcare management. However, such an analysis is complicated by enormous intra-individual and inter-individual variability. To address this problem, a novel serial-analysis method and system based on the concept of personalized basis functions (PBFs) is disclosed. Due to more accurate reference information provided by the PBFs, individual's changes associated with specific physiological activity or a sequence, transition or combination of activities (for example, a transition from sleep to wakefulness and transition from rest to exercise) can be monitored more accurately. Hence, subtle but clinically important changes can be detected earlier than using other methods. A library of individual's PBFs and their transition probabilities (which can be described by Hidden Markov Models) can completely describe individual's physiological dynamics. The system can be adapted for healthcare information management, diagnosis, medical decision support, treatment and side-effect control. It can also be adapted for guiding health, fitness and wellness training, subject identification and more efficient management of clinical trials.

Improved methodology and apparatus for the clinical study and treatment of sleep apnea which incorporates one or more of the following features: (1) application of mono-level, alternating high and low level, or variable positive airway pressure generally within the airway of the patient with the mono-level, high and low level, or variable airway pressure generally being coordinated with and / or responsive to the spontaneous respiration of the patient, (2) usage of adjustably programmable pressure ramp circuitry capable of producing multiple pressure ramp cycles of predetermined duration and pattern whereby the ramp cycles may be customized to accommodate the specific needs of an individual sleep apnea patient so as to ease the patient's transition from wakefulness to sleep, (3) remote control or patient-sensed operation of the apparatus, (4) employment of safety circuitry, reset circuitry and minimum system leak assurance circuitry, controls and methods, and (5) utilization of clinical control circuitry whereby sleep disorder data may be compiled and appropriate therapy implemented during a one-night sleep study.

A wakefulness level estimation apparatus includes: an estimation portion that estimates a level of wakefulness of a subject person based on one of a wakefulness level estimation function, of which a variable is a wakefulness level correlation value of the subject person, and a difference between the wakefulness level correlation value of the subject person and a reference value of the wakefulness level correlation value; a stimulation detection portion that detects whether an awakening stimulation is externally applied to the subject person; and a correction portion that, when the stimulation detection portion detects that the awakening stimulation is applied to the subject person, performs a correction of one of the reference value of the wakefulness level correlation value and the wakefulness level estimation function, which is used for estimating the level of wakefulness of the subject person.

A drowsiness alarm apparatus and a program for decreasing the possibility of incorrectly issuing an alarm due to an expressed emotion is provided. A wakefulness degree calculation apparatus performs a wakeful face feature collection process to collect a wakefulness degree criterion and an average representative feature distance. A doze alarm process collects a characteristic opening degree value and a characteristic feature distance. The wakefulness degree criterion is compared with the characteristic opening degree value to estimate a wakefulness degree. The average representative feature distance is compared with the characteristic feature distance to determine whether the face of the driver expresses a specific emotion. If the face expresses the emotion, alarm output is inhibited. When the face does not express the emotion, an alarm is output in accordance with the degree of decreased wakefulness so as to provide an increased alarm degree for the driver if necessary.

A short sleep / nap management apparatus and method are disclosed. The apparatus has sensor means (35) to detect one or more physiological parameters associated with a transition in sleep stages (13-19) from wakefulness (13), processing means (37, 39, 33) to process the parameters to determine when the transition is reached and start the timer to run for a predetermined period, and alarm means (47) to actuate at the end of said predetermined period to awaken the user.

A nightlight is provided for providing therapeutic effects on the human body and mind including promoting relaxation, sleep and wakefulness. The nightlight includes a housing, a light source, a central processor, one or more controls, and a power supply. The light source produces at least three modes having various light properties. The light modes include a sleep readiness mode, a sleep help mode and a wake-up mode. The sleep readiness mode produces light at about 40 lumens and preferably includes only light from the blue and yellow portions of the visible light spectrum. The sleep help mode produces monochromatic light in the blue or green spectrum. Preferably, the light undulates at a frequency of one cycle per second to one cycle per minute at a luminosity of between 5 lumens and 25 lumens. Meanwhile, the wake-up mode produces substantially full spectrum light at approximately 1,600 lumens. The processor and controls allow a person to select and control the various light modes. Moreover, the nightlight may include biological sensors for measuring physiological activity of the body.

Methods and compositions for agonizing a type-2 orexin receptor (OX2R) in a cell determined to be in need thereof, including the general method of (a) administering to a subject a cyclic guanidinyl OX2R agonist and (b) detecting a resultant enhanced wakefulness or increased resistance to diet-induced accumulation of body fat, or abbreviated recovery from general anesthesia or jet lag.

The present invention provides a system, method and apparatus for reducing a vehicle driver's core temperature to offset drowsiness. In one embodiment, a temperature sensor records data describing a vehicle driver core temperature and communicates the data describing the vehicle driver core temperature to a temperature regulator. The temperature regulator determines whether the vehicle driver core temperature is similar to one or more circadian temperatures associated with wakefulness. If the vehicle driver core temperature is similar to a circadian temperature associated with sleep, the temperature regulator reduces the vehicle driver core temperature. In an embodiment the temperature regulator cools a material physically contacting the venous plexuses or arteriovenous anastomoses to cool the portions of the vehicle driver's anatomy which most efficiently cool the vehicle driver.

This invention provides monitoring garments for non-invasively monitoring physiological parameters in un-restrained and / or restrained animals, such as monkeys, rabbits, dogs, horses, and the like. The invention also includes methods and systems for collecting and processing monitoring data and methods for recognizing apneas and other respiratory events, periods of restfulness and wakefulness, stereotypical behavior and other indicators of dysphoric states, periods of emesis, and occurrence of barking and coughing.

A nightlight provides therapeutic effects on the human body and mind including promoting relaxation, sleep and wakefulness. The nightlight includes a housing, a light source, a central processor, one or more controls, and a power supply. The light source produces at least three illumination modes having various light properties. The light modes include a sleep readiness mode, a sleep help mode and a wake-up mode. The sleep readiness mode produces light at about 40 lumens and preferably includes only light from the blue and yellow portions of the visible light spectrum. The sleep help mode produces substantially monochromatic light in the blue or green spectrum. Preferably, the light undulates at a frequency of one cycle per second to one cycle per minute at a luminosity of between 5 lumens and 25 lumens, which can be selected to automatically decrease by the user. Meanwhile, the wake-up mode produces substantially full spectrum light at approximately 1,600 lumens. The controls allow a person to control the various light modes. Moreover, the nightlight may include biological sensors for measuring physiological activity of the body. The nightlight may be incorporated into a bedside alarm clock which includes numerous features found in a traditional alarm clock such as a display for displaying the time or alarm time. The alarm function may be provided by illumination of one of the three nightlight's illumination modes, which is preferably the wake up mode which may illuminate slowly or substantially immediately to full brightness.

A diaphragm pacing stimulatory method and a system to implement the method are provided to improve respiratory function and the quality of sleep in patients whose sleep is compromised by poor respiration. The diaphragm pacing method includes adaptations that make it particularly compatible with the onset of sleep and sustaining sleep. Embodiments of the method are operated independently of breathing effort the patient may make during sleep. Patients for whom the invention is appropriate include those with a neuromuscular disease, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). System elements include an external electrical stimulator coupled to one or more implanted electrodes that stimulate diaphragm contraction. The system and method provide for a pacing of the diaphragm, improved breathing, and improved sleep. Features of improved sleep include longer sleep time, an increased amount of REM sleep, and fewer episodes of wakefulness and restlessness.

A sleep prevention system captures a facial image of a driver, determines a sleepiness level from the facial image and operates warning devices including neck air conditioner, seatbelt vibrator, and brake controller if necessary based on the sleepiness determination. A sleepiness determination device determines sleepiness from facial expression information such as distances between corners of a mouth, distance between an eyebrow and eye, tilt angle of a head, and other facial feature distances. The facial distances are calculated from captured images and from reference information gather during wakefulness. The sleepiness degree is determined based on the determination results including combinations thereof.

The present invention is directed to methods for identification of compounds that affect wakefulness, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome and mood disorders (e.g., depression) through interaction with the hypocretin receptor system. The present invention is also directed to detection of abnormal levels of hypocretin in a subject, as well as detection of an abnormal immune response against hypocretin (orexins) and / or their receptors, where detection of abnormal hypocretin levels or detection of an abnormal immune response is indicative of a sleep disorder, particularly of narcolepsy. The present invention is also directed to a methods relating to the detection of a mutation or polymorphism in the gene encoding the hypocretin receptors, the detection of antibodies disrupting the function of gene encoding hypocretin receptors and hypocretin polypeptides, and the use of hypocretin biological markers in predicting treatment response using compounds interacting with the hypocretin receptor system.

A diaphragm pacing stimulatory method and a system to implement the method are provided to improve respiratory function and the quality of sleep in patients whose sleep is compromised by poor respiration. The diaphragm pacing method includes adaptations that make it particularly compatible with the onset of sleep and sustaining sleep. Embodiments of the method are operated independently of breathing effort the patient may make during sleep. Patients for whom the invention is appropriate include those with a neuromuscular disease, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). System elements include an external electrical stimulator coupled to one or more implanted electrodes that stimulate diaphragm contraction. The system and method provide for a pacing of the diaphragm, improved breathing, and improved sleep. Features of improved sleep include longer sleep time, an increased amount of REM sleep, and fewer episodes of wakefulness and restlessness.

Described are a positive airway pressure system and method for treatment of a sleeping disorder in a patient. The system includes a generator, a sensor and a processing arrangement. The generator supplies airflow and applies a pressure at to an airway of a patient. The sensor measures data corresponding to patient's breathing patterns. The processing arrangement analyzes the breathing patterns to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of at least one of the following patient's states: (i) a regular breathing state, (ii) a sleep disorder breathing state, (iii) a REM sleep state and (iv) a troubled wakefulness state. The processing arrangement adjusts the applied pressure as a function of the patient's state.

A configuration is realized in which driver's biological information is input and a driver's wakefulness degree is evaluated. The wakefulness degree of the driver is evaluated by applying a result of behavior analysis of at least one of an eyeball or a pupil of the driver and a wakefulness state evaluation dictionary specific for the driver. The data processing unit evaluates the wakefulness degree of the driver by using the wakefulness state evaluation dictionary specific for the driver generated as a result of learning processing based on log data of the driver's biological information. Moreover, a return time before the driver is able to start safety manual driving is estimated. A learning device used for estimation processing based on observable information is able to correlate an observable eyeball behavior of the driver and the wakefulness degree by a multidimensional factor by continuously using the learning device. By using secondary information, an index of an activity in a brain of the driver is able to be derived from a long-term fluctuation of the observable value.

The present invention relates generally and specifically to computerized devices capable of diagnosis tailoring for an individual, and capable of controlling effectors to deliver therapy or enhance performance also tailored to an individual. The invention integrates sensors which sense signals from measurable body systems together with external machines, to form adaptive digital networks over time of general health and health of specific body functions. The invention has applications in sleep and wakefulness, sleep-disordered breathing, other breathing disturbances, memory and cognition, monitoring and response to obesity or heart failure, monitoring and response to other conditions, and general enhancement of performance.

Methods and compositions for agonizing a type-2 orexin receptor (OX2R) in a cell determined to be in need thereof, including the general method of (a) administering to a subject a cyclic guanidinyl OX2R agonist and (b) detecting a resultant enhanced wakefulness or increased resistance to diet-induced accumulation of body fat, or abbreviated recovery from general anesthesia or jet lag.

The present invention pertains to a system and method of monitoring the alertness or wakefulness of a driver. The monitored parameters include cardiac, respiratory and movement parameters. Sensors are located in various locations of the driver side section to detect the vigilance of a driver. These sensors include pressure sensors embedded in the seat and pedals, and a head band for monitoring EEG, EMG and EOG signals.

A drowsiness alarm apparatus and a program for decreasing the possibility of incorrectly issuing an alarm due to an expressed emotion is provided. A wakefulness degree calculation apparatus performs a wakeful face feature collection process to collect a wakefulness degree criterion and an average representative feature distance. A doze alarm process collects a characteristic opening degree value and a characteristic feature distance. The wakefulness degree criterion is compared with the characteristic opening degree value to estimate a wakefulness degree. The average representative feature distance is compared with the characteristic feature distance to determine whether the face of the driver expresses a specific emotion. If the face expresses the emotion, alarm output is inhibited. When the face does not express the emotion, an alarm is output in accordance with the degree of decreased wakefulness so as to provide an increased alarm degree for the driver if necessary.

This steering wheel retention state judging device includes: a torque application unit that applies a torque on a steering wheel of a vehicle, the steering wheel operated by a driver; an angle sensor that detects a steering angle of the steering wheel; and a steering wheel retention state judging unit that judges a retention state of the steering wheel by the driver based on the steering angle of the steering wheel when the torque is applied by the torque application unit.

A wakefulness maintaining apparatus includes an event detecting part, a drowsiness level determining part, a threshold setting part, and a stimulus supplying part. The event detecting part detects an event related to a drowsiness of a person. The drowsiness level determining part determines a drowsiness level that changes in accordance with a strength of the drowsiness. The threshold setting part sets a threshold value to divide the drowsiness level into a first level range and a second level range in such a manner that the first level range is equal to or lower than the threshold value and the second level range is higher than the threshold value. The stimulus supplying part supplies a stimulus having an awaking effect to the person when the drowsiness level is in the second level range and the event is detected.

Compositions are described that comprise a modafÊnil component that is a combination of the d- and l-enantiomers of modafinil and wherein the modafÊnil component is greater than 50% by weight d-modafÊnil for use in promoting or enhancing the state of wakefulness, alertness, and / or central nervous system stimulation in an individual.