The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for controlling hypertension and protecting hypertension target organ against damage, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw material medicines: rhizoma chuanxiong, bupleurum, coptis root, notopterygium, radix saposhnikoviae, prunella spike, cyathula root, polygonatum, concha haliotidis, fried radix scutellariae and herba taxilli. The invention also provides the application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition. The advantages of the traditional Chinese medicine composition are that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition can significantly improve blood pressure indexes of pre hypertension patients, significantly reduces systolic pressure and diastolic pressure level of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and more important, has significant protective effect against target organ damage in heart, brain and kidney. The traditional Chinese medicine composition used in hypertension early intervention can not only delay the process of hypertension, more important, has the protective effect against target organ damage in hypertension, can be clinically and widely popularized, delays target organ damage, and improves the life quality of the patients.