55results about How to "Small dose" patented technology

The invention relates to the field of antitumor drugs, in particular to a pharmaceutical composition of a KRAS G12C inhibitor and camptothecin and application of the pharmaceutical composition. The camptothecin and the KRAS G12C inhibitor are combined to play a synergistic effect, a DNA damage repair pathway is inhibited, a better inhibition effect is generated on tumor cells containing KRAS G12C mutation, the dosage required for achieving the same anti-tumor effect is greatly reduced, and the medication safety is improved.

The invention provides organic nanoparticles with high osteogenic performance as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of osteogenic drug preparation. The preparation method of the organic nanoparticles with high osteogenic performance comprises the following steps: (1) preparing fluorinated polyethyleneimine, preparing double bonds from the fluorinated polyethyleneimine, and then grafting a targeting peptide E7 to obtain a carrier F-PEI-E7; and (2) entrapping an osteogenesis promoting drug in the carrier F-PEI-E7 to obtain the organic nanoparticles with high osteogenesis performance. The invention provides an innovative strategy: F-PEI is used as a carrier, an osteogenesis promoting drug (beta-GP) is entrapped, and through E7 targeting peptide (EPLQLKM) modification, precise targeting delivery of the drug is realized. The organic nanoparticles are high in stability, the in-vitro osteogenesis promoting effect is equivalent to that of a classical formula for in-vitro osteogenesis induction, and the organic nanoparticles have an excellent in-vivo osteogenesis promoting effect.

The invention discloses a Baoyuan decoction for relieving fatigue and regulating immunity and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine. The preparation method comprises: crushing ginseng, astragalus, licorice and cinnamon to obtain raw material A; mixing raw material A with extraction solvent 1, adding mixed enzyme, extracting, filtering to obtain extract 1 and filter residue 1; mixing filter residue 1 with water to obtain filter residue liquid, stirring and passing ozone treatment, filtering, washing, drying, and obtaining raw material B; mixing raw material B with extraction solvent 2, extracting, and combining extracts to obtain extract 2; mixing extract 1 and extract 2 uniformly, centrifuging, taking supernatant, adding water, and obtaining the Baoyuan decoction for relieving fatigue and regulating immunity. The present invention optimizes the extraction process, improves the efficacy, obtains better anti-fatigue effect and immunity improvement effect, and reduces the dosage of medication and improves patient compliance.

The invention discloses a radiotherapy planning method and system based on biological optimization, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the fusion of a positron emission computed tomography (PET) image and a computed tomography (CT) image, carrying out the sketching of a biological target region according to the threshold value of a developer standard uptake value (SUV), and meanwhile, carrying out the sketching of an endangered organ; setting physical constraints for the biological target region and the organ at risk, and performing primary optimization to obtain a primary dose result; setting biological constraints for the biological target region and the organ at risk based on the primary dose result; and constructing an objective function containing a biological constraint penalty term and a physical constraint penalty term, and obtaining a final radiotherapy plan through iterative optimization. According to the method, a biological target region is used for replacing a traditional target region, a tumor region is depicted finely, a plan optimization model combining biological constraint and physical constraint is used, the dose coverage of the target region can be ensured, meanwhile, the dose of a crisis organ is reduced, and finally a plan meeting clinical requirements is generated.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a piezoelectric MOF (Metal Organic Framework) sound-sensitive agent with an ultrasonic response ROS / CO synergistic antibacterial function. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a catechol modified ruthenium carbonyl carbon monoxide donor through a coupling reaction of 2, 4-dihydroxyl-1-phenylalanine and carbonyl ruthenium chloride; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a carnosine aqueous solution and a metal ion aqueous solution in a solvent, and self-assembling the carnosine aqueous solution and the metal ion aqueous solution by a hydrothermal method to obtain a piezoelectric metal organic framework (PMOF); and modifying the carbon monoxide donor on the surface of the PMOF through a complexation reaction between metal ions on the surface of the PMOF and phenolic hydroxyl groups of the carbon monoxide donor to obtain the piezoelectric MOF sound-sensitive agent with ultrasonic response ROS / CO synergistic antibiosis. The invention also discloses the piezoelectric MOF sonosensitizer with ultrasonic response ROS / CO synergistic antibacterial effect obtained by the preparation method and application of the piezoelectric MOF sonosensitizer in preparation of sonosensitizer hydrophobic drugs and / or antibacterial agents. The sonosensitizer provided by the invention has excellent biocompatibility, can controllably start release of active oxygen and carbon monoxide through ultrasound to achieve synergistic antibiosis, enhances the antibacterial ability, and has excellent biological membrane penetrating ability.

The invention discloses an application of a hydrogen sulfide slow-release donor and a cyclodextrin derivative thereof in preparation of a medicine for inhibiting migration of triple negative breast cancer cells. According to the method for inhibiting migration of the triple negative breast cancer cells, a donor ADT-OH is slowly released by using hydrogen sulfide. ADT-OH is applied to an in-vitro triple negative breast cancer cell culture system at the concentration of 25-50 [mu] M. According to the method, migration of the triple-negative breast cancer cells is effectively inhibited by using a hydrogen sulfide slow-release donor demethylated anethiol trithione (ADT-OH) and a cyclodextrin modifier (CD-ADT) thereof, so that the migration of the triple-negative breast cancer cells is inhibited, and the discovery of the invention is very likely to provide a clinical drug with a prospect for preventing and treating the triple-negative breast cancer in the future.

The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a cadmium-polluted soil remediation agent and a cadmium-polluted soil remediation method. The cadmium-polluted soil remediation agent disclosed by the invention is prepared from 29.4 to 32.5 parts by mass of catalytic weathered siderite powder and 67.5 to 70.6 parts by mass of limestone powder, the catalytically-weathered siderite powder is prepared through the method comprising the following steps that a mixture composed of ferrous chloride, siderite powder and water is granulated, granules are obtained, the granules are subjected to sealed standing for 6-24 h, and the catalytically-weathered siderite powder is obtained; the mass ratio of the ferrous chloride to the siderite powder is (7.04-7.89): (2.11-2.96), and the mass of the water is 5-10% of the total mass of the ferrous chloride and the siderite powder. The cadmium-contaminated soil remediation agent disclosed by the invention has a good and long-acting remediation effect on cadmium-contaminated soil.

The utility model provides ray detection equipment, which is applied to the technical field of ray detection, and comprises a protective shell, the protective shell is provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is provided with an opening, and an opening and closing door is arranged at the opening to open and close the opening; the radiation source is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the detector is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the to-be-detected product is suitable for being placed between the radiation source and the detector and is scanned by the radiation source; the weighing device is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is used for weighing the to-be-detected product; and the control device is in communication connection with the radiation source, the detector and the weighing device, and is used for controlling the radiation source to emit beams, receiving a radiation signal of the detector, receiving weight information of the weighing device, and processing the radiation signal and the weight information to obtain a detection result. The ray detection equipment provided by the embodiment of the utility model is small in size, flexible in use scene and accurate in detection result.

The invention relates to the field of chemical production, and discloses a preparation device and method of bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride, the preparation device comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a preparation cylinder, the front end of the preparation cylinder is fixedly connected with a window, and the top of the preparation cylinder is fixedly connected with a motor; the device comprises a preparation cylinder, the top of the preparation cylinder is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped supporting plate, the inner wall of the preparation cylinder is rotatably connected with a stirring rod, the outer side of the arc-shaped supporting plate is fixedly connected with a quantifying mechanism, the quantifying mechanism comprises a quantifying cylinder, and the outer wall of the quantifying cylinder is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate. And the inner wall of the quantifying cylinder is in sliding connection with a partition plate. By arranging the quantifying mechanism, the adding amount of chemical agents can be accurately controlled, and the inner wall space of the three groups of quantifying cylinders is adjusted according to the total manufacturing amount, so that the quantifying effect is achieved, the proportion of the chemical agents is accurately controlled, and the problem that the adding amount is difficult to accurately control in a traditional mode is solved.

This utility model belongs to the field of injection pen technology, specifically relating to a dosage adjustment mechanism and an injection pen, comprising: a dosage adjustment mechanism including: a graduated cylinder threadedly connected to the pen body, the inner wall of the graduated cylinder having a plurality of first sound-emitting teeth; a support cylinder inserted into the graduated cylinder and positioned circumferentially by a drug-propelling mechanism, the end of the support cylinder having a second firing part; and a sound-emitting ring sleeved on the end of the support cylinder, the end of the sound-emitting ring having a first firing part, the inner wall of the sound-emitting ring having a plurality of second sound-emitting teeth, wherein: when the graduated cylinder is screwed in, the second sound-emitting teeth are struck by the second firing part to produce sound; when the graduated cylinder is screwed out, the first sound-emitting teeth are struck by the first firing part to produce sound; by providing first sound-emitting teeth in the graduated cylinder and second sound-emitting teeth in the sound-emitting ring, sounds are emitted respectively when the graduated cylinder is screwed in / out to prompt the patient.

The invention provides a dimethylcaine compound preparation and a preparation method thereof. Every 100 parts of the compound preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 to 5 parts of dimethylcaine and 2 to 5 parts of trimethylcaine. The dimethylcaine compound preparation contains chlorhexidine gluconate, Tween 80, oleic acid, polyethylene glycol 400 and purified water, and every 100 parts of the compound preparation is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 to 5 parts of dimethylcaine, 2 to 5 parts of trimethylcaine, 0.1 to 0.3 part of chlorhexidine gluconate, 4 to 6 parts of Tween 80, 4 to 6 parts of oleic acid, 15 to 25 parts of polyethylene glycol 400 and the balance of purified water. Dimethylcaine and trimethylcaine are compounded, so that the blocking effect can be effectively enhanced, the anesthetic effect can be synergistically improved, the anesthetic dosage can be reduced, the side effect can be reduced, and the safety can be improved. Secondly, polyvinylpyrrolidone K90, polyglycerol ester and ascorbic acid in a specific proportion are added, so that the bioavailability of the anesthetic is further improved, the anesthetic effect is enhanced, and meanwhile, the stability of the anesthetic is further improved.

The invention provides a method for preparing a nano silver solution, and belongs to the technical field of nano silver preparation. The method uses silver nitrate as a silver source, water as a reaction solvent, polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a first dispersant, and gum arabic as a second dispersant. After the silver source is preferentially encapsulated by the first dispersant, a mixed solution of a reducing agent and a second dispersant is poured at one time to prepare a nano silver solution. The invention adopts the synergistic effect of the first dispersant and the second dispersant to make the prepared nano silver particle size distribution more uniform, and can still remain stable after being placed for 30 days; by adjusting the pH value of the solution to be alkaline, it is ensured that the H ‑ The concentration of the reducing agent increases the reducing ability. This method has a rapid reaction, simple operation, no requirements for experimental conditions and equipment, etc., can be stably expanded to 25L, and the particle size does not change after long-term storage. It has highly stable dispersibility and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

This invention discloses a high-crack-resistant cement-fly ash stabilized base course material, belonging to the field of road engineering technology. The material comprises the following components by mass percentage: 2.0-3.0% cement, 16-20% fly ash, and the balance being stabilized aggregate. The cement is an external admixture, the fly ash is an internal admixture, and the gradation of the stabilized aggregate conforms to the specifications of CF-A-2L or CF-A-2S in JTG / T F20-2015. This invention, by adopting a "low cement, high fly ash" mix design, controls the 7-day unconfined compressive strength within a reasonable range of 3.5-4.5 MPa, effectively avoiding the problem of regular transverse cracks in the base course caused by excessively high early strength. Simultaneously, the high fly ash content ensures the continuous growth of the material's later strength, with its 21-day unconfined compressive strength remaining stable above 6 MPa. Its overall performance is superior to the mix ratios recommended by current standards. This invention is particularly suitable for highway base course construction in arid regions with large temperature differences, such as Xinjiang.

The present invention discloses a synergistic antioxidant composition and its application, and belongs to the technical field of natural medicines. The composition of the present invention is composed of isorhamnetin and compound A, or kaempferol and EGCG; wherein compound A is selected from quercetin, luteolin or EGCG. The composition of the present invention has significant antioxidant activity, and thus has application value in the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. In addition, there is a synergistic effect between the components in the composition, and the combination thereof can greatly reduce the dosage of each component when used alone, and reduce the toxic and side effects of the active ingredients. Therefore, when achieving the corresponding antioxidant effect, the combination of active ingredients can effectively reduce the occurrence of drug resistance in the body, and has a good application prospect.

The present disclosure provides a ray attenuation device, comprising: a transmission device comprising: a housing; the collimation channel is formed in the shell and comprises an input port suitable for receiving rays and an output port suitable for leading out the rays; the absorption sheet is made of a ray shielding material and is arranged outside the output port; and the driving device is configured to drive the absorption sheet to move relative to the output port of the transmission device, so that the absorption sheet moves between a shielding position for shielding rays from the output port and a staggered position for completely leaving the output port. The invention further provides a radioactive substance detection system which comprises the ray attenuation equipment, and the waste bin capable of emitting rays is arranged near the input port of the collimation channel; the detection end face of the detector faces the output port of the collimation channel so as to detect the dose of the rays emitted from the output port. The absorption sheet is used for absorbing a part of rays at the shielding position, so that the dose of the rays penetrating through the absorption sheet is reduced.

The present invention discloses a composition for synergistically inhibiting pancreatic lipase and its application, belonging to the technical field of natural medicines. The composition of the present invention is composed of isorhamnetin and compound A; wherein compound A is selected from EGCG or luteolin. The composition of the present invention can inhibit the activity of pancreatic lipase, thereby achieving the effect of preventing or treating obesity. There is a synergistic effect between the components in the composition. The combined use of the components can greatly reduce the dosage of each component when used alone, and improve the inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase. Therefore, when achieving the corresponding effect of preventing or treating obesity, low-dose combined use can effectively reduce the occurrence of drug resistance in the body.

The application provides a kind of anaerobic digestion residue dewatering performance rapid detection method, belong to the technical field of biomass waste dewatering performance detection.Specifically: collect anaerobic digestion in 400-4000cm ‑1 Wavelength range of full-band infrared spectrum data;Using infrared spectrum analysis software to obtain the infrared spectrum data is smoothed;According to the data obtained, select 1550-1750cm ‑1 Wavelength range of infrared water spectrum data related to O-H bending vibration, Gaussian deconvolution and peak fitting are carried out using peak fitting software, and are decomposed into six sub-peaks, p1-p6;And calculate the area ratio of each sub-peak, and the ratio of the area ratio of sub-peak 1-2 and sub-peak 3-6 is represented by the sum of the area ratio of sub-peak 1-2 and sub-peak 3-6, and the value is higher, which means it is more difficult to dewater.The infrared detection method of the application has the advantages of clean, efficient, low dose, low cost, batch detection, etc.

The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to application of PMS secondarily activated by soluble alkali metal sulfide in degrading norfloxacin. The invention provides a reducing agent-soluble alkali metal sulfide for improving the reaction efficiency of a Fe (II) / PMS homogeneous catalysis system. The norfloxacin can be efficiently degraded by utilizing the reducing agent and a Fe (II) / PMS homogeneous catalysis system, iron mud is not generated in the reaction process, the method is green and environment-friendly, the pH application range is relatively wide, the dosage of Fe (II) initially required in the system is small, the pollutant treatment cost is reduced, and large-scale popularization and application are facilitated.

The present invention provides a flat-panel CT machine, including a ray emitter and a flat-panel detector, which adopts 360° scanning or 180° scanning. The flat-panel detector uses a larger length and width than the flat-panel detector used for DSA, can cover a single part of the human body, and no longer needs spiral scanning; the scanning time is greatly reduced, which can effectively reduce motion artifacts; the radiation dose of the patient is greatly reduced; the spatial resolution and the number of longitudinal scanning layers are greatly improved, and it is a gapless scanning. The pulse control technology of X-ray emission is adopted to make the data obtained by the CT machine complete and without missing, and the image is clearer. Through pulse control technology or 180° scanning mode, the scanning frequency is reduced by half; pulse control technology can reduce the requirement for the mobility of the detector thin film transistor by about 10 times; by redesigning the number of detector array elements to further reduce the frequency, and control the inverter frequency of the ray emitter within an achievable range, the CT machine has the possibility of practical application.

The invention belongs to the field of biological medicine, and particularly relates to a 5 'UTR sequence and application thereof. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to improve the expression efficiency of mRNA drugs. The main technical scheme of the invention is as follows: two 5 'UTR sequences, which are SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2, are provided; and a nucleic acid molecule comprising the 5 'UTR sequence. Compared with a 5 'UTR sequence optimized in the nature, the mRNA constructed by the 5' UTR has the advantages that the expression efficiency of a target gene is obviously improved; the preparation method is beneficial to reducing the administration dosage and administration frequency of the mRNA drug, reducing the cost of the mRNA drug and reducing the risk of adverse reaction after administration, and has a good application prospect in the industrial production of the mRNA drug.

Disclosed herein are combination therapies for treating hematological malignancies (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)) using an antibody that binds human galectin-9 (anti-Gal9 antibody, e.g., G9.2-17) and one or more chemotherapeutic agents, e.g., a Bcl2 inhibitor such as venetoclax, a hypomethylating agent (HMA), or a combination thereof.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and discloses a novel lactobacillus rhamnosus XB01, the preservation number of which is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.34941. The invention discloses a new application of the strain or metabolites thereof in preparation of products for inhibiting specific pathogenic bacteria and intervening pharyngitis. Experiments show that XB01 has a remarkable in-vitro inhibition effect on specific pathogenic bacteria and common pathogens of pharyngitis, and can effectively relieve pharyngeal inflammation of an animal model. In addition, the invention also relates to a microbial preparation containing XB01, and the microbial preparation is combined with a specific strain bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis XB02 for use, and shows an unexpected synergistic effect on enhancing the sleep promoting effect. The invention provides a new technical scheme and product form for the application of the strain in the fields of functional food, medicines or health care products, especially oral and throat health and sleep improvement.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, and discloses an application of a composition of Tazofelone and taxus medicines in treatment of solid tumors. According to the application disclosed by the invention, the condition that the combination of the Tazofelone and the paclitaxel medicines can be used for treating the generic solid tumors is proposed for the first time, and the tumor killing effect of the low-concentration paclitaxel medicines can be obviously improved by the Tazofelone. The PTCs model is used for simulating the tumor microenvironment, and the drug screening result and the clinical result have high correlation. According to the invention, a plurality of solid tumor PTC models are constructed, and the effects of singly using Tazofelone and jointly using Tazofelone and paclitaxel on inhibiting the progress of the generic solid tumor are detected by detecting the area of PTCs, the ATP content and other indexes. Results show that the development of various solid tumors can be effectively inhibited when the Tazofelone is combined with the paclitaxel, the Tazofelone can obviously enhance the effect of the paclitaxel, the dosage of the paclitaxel can be properly reduced during clinical use, and adverse reactions are reduced while the development of the tumors is effectively inhibited, so that the Tazofelone and the paclitaxel have great application potential clinically.

Described herein are compounds of formula (I) wherein R 1 、R\R 3 , R4, R 5 and R 6 As defined herein; and salts thereof, the compounds of formula (I) and their salts are used as JAK kinase inhibitors. Also provided herein: pharmaceutical compositions comprising such JAK inhibitors and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants or vehicles, and methods for treating a patient's disease or condition that responds to inhibition of Janus kinase activity or reducing the severity of the disease or condition.

The invention discloses a high-permeability drug coating balloon as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cardiovascular disease treatment materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating a sponge spicule, sequentially placing the pretreated sponge spicule in a sodium hydroxide solution and a hydrochloric acid solution for ultrasonic treatment, washing and drying; preparing a silane coupling agent hydrolysate; preparing sponge spicule dispersion liquid; heating the sponge spicule dispersion liquid, adding the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, and carrying out a stirring reaction to obtain a surface-modified sponge spicule; mixing a drug with the surface-modified sponge spicule, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol for dispersing and grafting to obtain a drug-loaded sponge spicule; and dissolving the drug-loaded sponge spicule in a shellac ethanol solution for spin coating, and drying to obtain the drug-loaded sponge spicule. The invention further discloses the high-permeability drug coating balloon prepared by the method and application of the high-permeability drug coating balloon. The high-permeability drug coating balloon has the advantages of low drug dosage, high drug administration efficiency, low toxic and side effects and the like, and has a wide application prospect.

The present invention relates to the field of A0N33, and in particular to a microemulsion for efficient weed control and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the microemulsion include at least 10-30wt% of an active ingredient; the active ingredient includes an active ingredient A and an active ingredient B; the active ingredient A is glufosinate-ammonium; the active ingredient B is oxyfluorfen. The microemulsion provided by the present invention has the following advantages: using oxyfluorfen and glufosinate-ammonium in a weight ratio of 2.8:14.2 or 3:18 as active ingredients, it is possible to achieve a low-dose, high-efficiency weed control effect, greatly saving the weed control cost, improving the weed control efficiency, and having a positive significance for promoting the development of herbicide technology.

An ophthalmic preparation for treating macular edema, optic neuritis and non-infectious endophthalmitis. The ophthalmic preparation is a preparation composed of an active ingredient for treating eye diseases and an ophthalmic preparation carrier or auxiliary material; the active ingredient for treating eye diseases is a glucocorticoid medicine and / or a non-steroidal medicine; the ophthalmic preparation carrier or auxiliary material comprises the following ingredients: a surfactant, an ionic polymer and a solvent, or the ophthalmic preparation carrier or auxiliary material contains the following ingredients: povidone with low polymerization degree, povidone with moderate polymerization degree and a solvent. The ophthalmic preparation can carry (wrap) the glucocorticoid and / or the non-steroidal medicines to penetrate through the anterior segment of eyes and be conveyed to the posterior segment of eyes to treat the macular edema, the optic neuritis and the non-infectious endophthalmitis in an eye drop administration mode, and the ophthalmic preparation has extremely excellent clinical use value and positive social significance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven materials, and discloses a preparation method and a preparation device of antibacterial superfine fibers. The preparation device of the antibacterial superfine fiber comprises a hot air pipeline primary feeder; a heater is arranged at one end of the hot air pipeline, the other end of the hot air pipeline is communicated into an air knife edge of the melt-blowing assembly, and the heater is used for heating air in the hot air pipeline and drafting melt flowing out of spinneret orifices of the melt-blowing assembly; and the feeder is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is communicated into the hot air pipeline so as to convey an antibacterial agent into the hot air pipeline. The antibacterial agent is mainly gathered on the surface of the fiber, the antibacterial effect is better, the dosage of the used antibacterial agent is greatly reduced, the preparation device of the antibacterial superfine fiber is simple in structure, the original melt-blowing processing technology does not need to be changed, and the adding effect of the antibacterial agent is guaranteed.

The present invention belongs to the field of biomedicine technology, and discloses an adeno-associated virus mutant and its application. The amino acid sequence of the AAV6 capsid protein mutant of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID No. 28. The AAV6 capsid protein mutant of the present invention does not need to be integrated into the genome, and the recombinant adeno-associated virus constructed specifically infects activated T cells, which can achieve rapid infection and reinfusion, and reduce unnecessary quality inspection and in vitro residence time. The preparation method of the high-yield AAV6 capsid protein mutant virus library of the present invention uses an AAV2-based Rep-Cap inactivated mutant vector instead of an AAV6-based Rep-Cap inactivated mutant vector for virus packaging, and the yield is increased by more than 10 times, and has the advantages of high abundance and good uniformity of each mutant.

This invention discloses a class of tin-oxygen metal clusters coordinated with dialkyl and organic cyclic carboxylic acids, their synthesis, and applications. These clusters exhibit higher reactivity due to the presence of more Sn atoms and more Sn-C bond reaction sites. The tin-oxygen metal clusters have the structure of general formula I.