238results about "Radiation electrical energy" patented technology

An electrically inactive betavoltaic battery, an electrically active betavoltaic battery, and methods of making the same are provided. In implementations, a method of making an electrically active betavoltaic battery includes: providing an electrically inactive betavoltaic battery device having one or more diodes incorporating a semiconductor material layer having a stable non-radioactive isotope; and irradiating the electrically inactive betavoltaic battery device with thermal neutrons, thereby causing the conversion of at least a portion of the stable non-radioactive isotope to a radionuclide and creating the electrically active betavoltaic battery, wherein the semiconductor material layer acts as both an electron emitter and an electron absorber simultaneously.

A nuclear battery in a safety metal container device with a tandem CVD diamond cell module structure is provided, utilizing high-level radioactive waste or low-level radioactive waste including debris from a meltdown. [Solution] The nuclear battery of a safety metal container device using a tandem CVD diamond cell module structure has a thallium layer 2 and a lead layer 3 that shield against ionizing radiation arranged in parallel inside the metal container 1 having a cubic or rectangular flat surface, and a 45-degree bent perforated metal plate 20 on the surface of the cooled metal container 5, which is reinforced by providing the circulating water cooling layer 8 or forced air circulation air cooling layer 8 of the cooled metal container 5, to prevent distortion or deformation of the surface due to heat generated by the tandem CVD diamond cell module structure 10 and dissipate heat, thereby improving the utilization of power from perpetual conversion power generation and shielding against ionizing radiation.

The invention discloses a Ga2O3 heterojunction beta irradiation battery with a multi-groove radioactive source, relates to the technical field of microelectronics, and solves the problems of low energy utilization rate and low energy conversion efficiency of a Ga2O3 nuclear battery radioactive source in the prior art. The battery comprises a filling type multi-groove radioactive source; the Ga2O3 heterojunction diode unit sequentially comprises a P-type ohmic contact electrode, a P-type NiO ion implantation region, an N-type Ga2O3 low-doped epitaxial layer, an N-type Ga2O3 high-doped substrate and an N-type ohmic contact electrode from top to bottom; a multi-T-type radioactive isotope source layer in the filling type multi-groove radioactive source is arranged above the P-type NiO ion implantation region and forms radiation energy coupling with the Ga2O3 heterojunction diode unit; the groove type structure is filled with the radioactive source, the energy deposition of the radioactive source entering the semiconductor conversion device is greatly increased, and the energy conversion efficiency of the Ga2O3 beta irradiation battery is improved.

The invention provides a tritium radiation volt isotope battery. The tritium radiation volt isotope battery comprises a shell and a stacking structure, the shell is provided with an accommodating cavity; the stacked structure is arranged in the containing cavity and comprises a positive pole piece, a semiconductor transduction layer and a negative pole piece which are arranged in a stacked mode, the semiconductor transduction layer is arranged to be an array formed by columnar nano particles, liquid tritides are distributed on the surfaces of the columnar nano particles, and the liquid tritides comprise all-tritiated N-ethyl carbazole and / or all-tritiated N-ethyl carbazole and / or all-tritiated N-ethyl carbazole and / or all-tritiated N-ethyl carbazole and / or all-tritiated N-ethyl carbazole and / or all-tritiated N-ethyl carbazole. And part of tritiated N-ethyl carbazole. The radiation volt isotope battery has improved energy conversion efficiency.

A betavoltaic power source. The power source comprises a source of beta particles and a plurality of regions for collecting the beta particles and for generating electron hole pairs responsive to the beta particle flux. The power source is intended for in vivo applications and is scaled to fit within a catheter for placing the power source and one or more sensors or activators within a living body. Preferably, a secondary power source is charged by a current developed by the electron hole pairs for providing constant power to the sensors or activators.

The invention discloses a super-flexible isotope battery and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of batteries, the super-flexible isotope battery comprises a plurality of semiconductor modules, the semiconductor modules are distributed in a staggered array along the horizontal direction, and a carbon nanotube bundle is arranged between any two adjacent semiconductor modules. And the semiconductor module is connected with the carbon nanotube bundle to form a PN junction. According to the super-flexible isotope battery and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the invention, the problems of limited use scene and short power supply time of a flexible solar battery in the prior art are solved, and the super-flexible isotope battery which is high in energy density, not limited by scenes and capable of supplying power for a long time is provided.

Provided is an isotope cell, including a plurality of isotope unit cells that includes an electrode including a first electrode and a second electrode, a radioactive source arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and an energy conversion layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a connector that is arranged in at least some of gaps each existing between any adjacent isotope unit cells among the plurality of isotope unit cells, and electrically connects each electrode of the adjacent isotope unit cells.

Radiation shielding technologies for radioisotope battery-powered vehicles to protect computer systems and humans and increase the energy efficiency, mass efficiency, and duration capability of the vehicle during operation. A radioisotope power system includes a radioisotope power unit that emits a plurality of radiation particles. The radioisotope power system further includes a radiation shield configured to block a first radiation particle of the plurality of radiation particles. The radioisotope power system further includes a decoupling device configured to decouple the radiation shield from a vehicle. The radioisotope power unit can include one or more radioisotopes for power, propulsion, or both power and propulsion of the vehicle. The one or more radioisotopes can include an alpha emitting isotope, a beta emitting isotope, a gamma emitting isotope, or a combination thereof. The one or more radioisotopes can be for heat generation. The vehicle can be a spacecraft or an aircraft.

An energy converter is configured to convert photons into an output electrical signal, wherein the energy converter includes a laser arrangement configured to generate a beam of photons and a waveguide arrangement fabricated onto a substrate. The waveguide arrangement includes a plurality of waveguides configured to exhibit a non-linear optical effect, in which the plurality of waveguides are configured to receive the beam of photons and to bifurcate the beam into electron-rich photons propagating along one of the plurality of waveguides and into positron-rich photons propagating along another of the plurality of waveguides. An electrode arrangement having one or more electrodes are configured to apply an electric field to the electron-rich photons and the positron-rich photons to extract the output electrical signal therefrom. The energy converter may be, for example, included as a component part of a positron source for generating a beam of positrons.

Betavoltaic battery devices and methods of making are presented. In embodiments, an electrically inactive betavoltaic battery device comprises: a p-type semiconductor layer including at least one stable isotope that transforms into a beta emitter upon irradiation with thermal neutrons; and an n-type semiconductor beta-absorber layer configured to absorb beta particles; wherein the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer form a p-n diode, and wherein the electrically inactive betavoltaic battery device is configured to be transformed into an electrically active betavoltaic battery upon irradiation with thermal neutrons. The electrically inactive betavoltaic battery device may be transported to an irradiation facility, where it is irradiated with thermal neutrons to convert the inactive betavoltaic batter device to an active betavoltaic battery device.

The invention relates to the technical scheme. The invention belongs to the field of new energy and nuclear energy battery technology. The method is a comprehensive and systematic method for directly converting radioactive substances and radiation of the radioactive substances into electric energy. The utilization of radioactive substances is the utilization of a contact potential effect existing among substances with different Fermi levels. The utilization of the radiation is the utilization of the contact potential effect of a non-Fermi level; according to the technical scheme, the contact potential effect formed by the electric potential generated by radiation rays and radiation on a polar plate is utilized, and the effect is converted into electric energy capable of being actually utilized under the action of a medium which has conductivity and controls voltage and limits conductivity under a certain condition.

The present disclosure provides a nuclear power source, a nuclear battery assembly, and a method of manufacture thereof. The nuclear power source comprising a radiation source layer, a first electrical insulator layer disposed over the radiation source layer, a first casing layer disposed over the first electrical insulator layer, a first electrode in contact with the radiation source layer, and a second electrode in contact with the first casing layer. The radiation source layer comprises a composition configurable to emit beta radiation. A voltage potential is present between the first electrode and the second electrode when the radiation source layer emits beta radiation. The first electrical insulator layer has a thickness that reduces an average energy of the beta-radiation from the radiation source layer that contacts the first casing layer such that Bremsstrahlung radiation emitted when the beta-radiation reaches the first casing layer is reduced.

To provide a novel useful system and method for thermionic energy conversion.SOLUTION: In a thermionic energy conversion system including one or more electron collectors, interfacial layers, encapsulated bodies, and / or electron emitters, a method for thermionic energy generation includes receiving power, emitting electrons, and receiving the emitted electrons, and optionally includes convectively transferring heat and / or any other suitable elements.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

A radiation detector includes a first pixel and a second pixel disposed in a same column, a first comparator connected with the first pixel via a first vertical signal line, and a second comparator connected with the second pixel via a second vertical signal line. A first distance from a conversion portion of the first pixel to the first vertical signal line is different from a second distance from a conversion portion of the second pixel to the second vertical signal line. The first comparator is configured to receive a first reference signal and compare the first reference signal with an output signal sent from the first pixel. The second comparator is configured to receive a second reference signal and compare the second reference signal with an output signal sent from the second pixel. The second reference signal is different from the first reference signal.

1. A generator system comprising a radionuclide material (7) and a sandwich structure comprising a layer of n-type semiconductor material (5), a layer of intrinsic n-type semiconductor material (4), a layer of p-type semiconductor material (3), metal electrodes (2, 6) one electrode 6 in direct contact with the n-type semiconductor material and the other electrode 2 in contact with the p-type semiconductor material forming a metal-semiconductor junction therebetween, whereby radioactive radiation received from the radionuclide material is converted to electrical energy at the metal-semiconductor junction, and electrical contacts connected to the electrodes that facilitate the flow of the electrical energy when connected to a load.

The invention discloses a metamaterial anti-reflection film for a radioactive isotope thermophotovoltaic cell and a preparation method and application of the metamaterial anti-reflection film. The invention relates to a metamaterial anti-reflection film for a radioactive isotope thermophotovoltaic cell, which is an all-dielectric metamaterial anti-reflection film. The all-dielectric metamaterial anti-reflection film sequentially comprises a first reflection layer, a second reflection layer and a Si nano resonance microstructure layer from bottom to top. The anti-reflection film provided by the invention has high flexibility, and the refractive index of the anti-reflection film and the reflection characteristic of electromagnetic waves can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the structural parameters of the metamaterial, so that the performance of the anti-reflection film in a target wave band and a wide angle range is accurately optimized; the high-efficiency anti-reflection effect of the near-infrared light band matched with the thermal photovoltaic module used by the radioisotope thermal photovoltaic cell is realized, the reflection loss of light is reduced, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, and the overall electrical output performance of the radioisotope thermal photovoltaic cell is further improved.

Various embodiments of a power source package are disclosed. The power source package includes an enclosure having an outer surface and an inner surface, where the enclosure includes a helium impermeable material; a betavoltaic power source disposed within an interior volume of the enclosure; and a pressure vent disposed on or at least partially in the enclosure and in fluid communication with the interior volume of the enclosure. The pressure vent is configured to vent at least a portion of helium generated within the enclosure through the pressure vent to an external environment of the enclosure.

The invention provides a photovoltaic module, a solar cell, a power utilization device, a preparation method, a packaging adhesive film and application. The photovoltaic module comprises a battery layer and a packaging adhesive layer, the battery layer comprises a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode which are arranged in sequence, and the packaging adhesive layer is located on the side, away from the photoelectric conversion layer, of the second electrode; the photoelectric conversion layer comprises a light absorption layer; wherein the packaging adhesive layer comprises a radioisotope material. The photovoltaic module comprises the packaging adhesive layer capable of improving the output performance of the module, and the current level of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of isotope batteries and discloses a preparation method of a transducer device and a preparation method of an isotope battery, the preparation method of the transducer device comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a to-be-fragile layer on the surface of a soluble substrate, the to-be-fragile layer comprising solvent atoms; s2, preparing a first solute layer on the surface of the layer to be fragile; s3, heating at least one of the soluble substrate, the to-be-fragile layer and the first solute layer; s4, a, etching is carried out on the surface of the fragile layer; and S5, a transducer device is prepared on the surface, with the preset shape, of the fragile layer. According to the preparation method of the transducer device, the technical problems of how to prepare the transducer device with effective thickness, realizing large-scale three-dimensional structure preparation on the surface of the transducer device and uniformly loading a radioactive source on the surface of the three-dimensional structure can be solved, the transducer device can be prepared on the fragile layer, and the radioactive source can be uniformly loaded on the surface of the three-dimensional structure by utilizing the pulverization property of the fragile layer. Therefore, a substrate-free energy conversion device can be obtained, and the effective radiation receiving area of the energy conversion device can be increased.

Silicon carbide as a radioactive isotope energy source material, containing a single crystalline phase of a silicon carbide semiconductor structure in the form of a film, having n-type or p-type electrical conductivity for separating electron-hole pairs, comprising the elements: carbon isotope C 12 and additionally carbon isotope C 14 for converting its radiation energy into electrical energy, characterized in that the concentration of radioactive isotope C 14 in one of the n-type or p-type conductivity layers is from 5·10 17 to 10 20 cm ‑3 -3 14 , wherein the n-type or p-type conductivity silicon carbide layer is formed on the surface of a monocrystalline silicon substrate, the n-type or p-type conductivity silicon carbide layer with C 14 has a porous surface topography.

The invention relates to the technical field of isotope batteries and discloses a preparation method of a substrate-free radioactive isotope source and a preparation method of an isotope battery, the preparation method of the substrate-free radioactive isotope source comprises the following steps: S1, preparing an intermediate layer on the surface of a substrate, the intermediate layer comprising solvent atoms and solute atoms; s2, preparing a solute layer on the surface of the intermediate layer, wherein the solute layer comprises the solute atoms; s3, the middle layer and / or the substrate are / is heated, the solute atoms migrate to the middle layer, and a mixed layer is obtained; s4, preparing a loading layer on the surface of the mixed layer; and S5, transferring to a radioactive isotope source loading device, powdering the mixed layer, separating the loading layer from the substrate, and obtaining the substrate-free radioactive isotope source after the loading layer absorbs the radioactive elements. According to the preparation method of the substrate isotope source, the substrate and the isotope source can be separated to obtain a substrate-free isotope source.

An integrated battery includes a substrate including a first material. The substrate includes a plurality of holes; a plurality of second material patterns each including a second material, wherein each second material pattern of the plurality of second material patterns is in a respective one of the plurality of holes, and wherein the second material has a polarity opposite to a polarity of the first material; a plurality of radiation sources configured to apply radiation to the substrate and the plurality of second material patterns; a plurality of third material patterns each including a third material; and a plurality of fourth material patterns each including a fourth material. Each third material pattern of the plurality of third material patterns is between a corresponding one of the plurality of radiation sources and a corresponding one of the plurality of fourth material patterns.

Provided is an isotope battery comprising: an isotope electrode sheet; at least one reflective sheet laminated on the isotope electrode sheet; and a waveguide connector provided between the isotope electrode sheet and the reflective sheet. Here, the isotope electrode sheet includes: a substrate; a radiation source provided in the substrate; a first conductive semiconductor layer and a second conductive semiconductor layer provided on a side of the radiation source; and a waveguide coating layer provided on the top and the bottom of the substrate.

An integrated isotope battery comprises: a substrate including a first surface, an opposite second surface, and a plurality of recesses formed in the first surface of the substrate; a layer formed at least in the plurality of recesses of the substrate, wherein the layer is of a conductivity type opposite to a conductivity type of the substrate, so that a first p-n-junction is formed at an interface between the layer and the substrate; a radioactive radiation source layer formed at least in the recesses on the layer, the radioactive radiation source layer being configured to emit radioactive radiation; a first layer formed at least in the recesses on the radioactive radiation source layer; and a second layer formed at least in the recesses on the first layer, wherein the second layer is of a different conductivity type from the first layer, so that a second p-n-junction is formed at an interface between the first layer and the second layer.

The present application provides an atomic battery that is lightweight and thin. The present application solves the above problem by providing an atomic battery that includes a thermoelectric conversion element having a thermoelectric conversion portion exhibiting nonreciprocal conduction based on a broken spatial inversion symmetry and a pair of electrodes disposed apart from each other in the thermoelectric conversion portion and used to extract a nonreciprocal thermoelectric signal, and at least one structural component of the atomic battery contains a radioisotope element.

Provided is a stacked isotope battery comprising: a plurality of stacked isotope electrode sheets; and a first external electrode of a first polarity and a second external electrode of a second polarity, which are electrically connected to the plurality of isotope electrode sheets so as to transfer, to an external load, the electrical energy generated in the plurality of stacked isotope electrode sheets, wherein each of the plurality of isotope electrode sheets comprises a substrate of chemical formula AMO3 (where A is at least one selected from the group consisting of La, Ba, Sr and K, and M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, In, Ga, Ti, Sn, Hf, Ta and Zr) and a radiation source extending in the thickness direction of the substrate, and the substrate comprises a first doped layer doped with a first conductivity type dopant and a second doped layer doped with a second conductivity type dopant.

A radiation battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a core layer which includes a central core comprising a radiation source, and central fins; first layers, each including a first semiconductor which is a P-type semiconductor, a first core stacked on the central core in a first direction, and first fins protruding from the first core and stacked on the central fins; and second layers, each including a second semiconductor which is an N-type semiconductor, a second core stacked on the first core in the first direction, and second fins protruding from the second core and stacked on the first fins.

Disclosed herein are charge or electricity generating devices and methods of making and use thereof.

A meson converter, and method, for generating thermal energy from a meson flux includes a plurality of absorber layers, where each absorber layer includes a metal plate of a first type, and a plurality of heat transport layers where each heat transport layer includes a metal plate of a second type, where the plurality of absorber layers and the plurality of heat transport layers are arranged alternately in a stack, where each absorber layer is arranged in contact with at least one heat transport layer, where any two adjacent layers in the stack have dissimilar densities and where the thermal conductivity of the metal plate of the second type is higher than the thermal conductivity of the metal plate of the first type.