The invention discloses a group of novel molecular markers of human myocardial cells, and applications of the novel molecular markers. The group of markers comprises the following 29 genes: POPDC2, ALPK2, TRIM55, ASPH, FILIP1, HSPB7, NPPA, KBTBD10, MYL4, CRYAB, LRRN4, MYOZ2, OBSCN, SMPX, NRK, ABLIM1, SYNPO2L, ANKRD1, TNNI1, MYH6, ABRA, TPM1, C15orf52, MYOM1, MASP1, MYBPC3, TNS1, FLNC and F2RL2. The markers play an important role in screening and identifying the myocardial cells, and have potential effect and huge significance on the early development research of human hearts, the construction of heart disease models, treatment of heart diseases, and the development of heart disease medicament targets or in research and development of medicaments.