The invention discloses a weak current detection device for radiation detection, which is used for detecting large dynamic weak current and requires recording and displaying measured data in real time. The device comprises a DC power module, a weak current amplifying and I/V switching circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a central control unit, a range selection switching circuit and a user terminal, wherein the central control unit is used for finishing the functions of data processing, range switching and data communication; and the range selection switching circuit realizes automatic range selection by selecting a feedback channel of a feedback network. The weak current detection device realizes automatic range switching, adopts a T-shaped resistance network structure in a feedback network of the weak current amplification and an I/V switching circuit U2, improves the equivalent resistance of the feedback network and avoids the temperature drift and capacitive reactance influence brought by high impedance generally. Therefore, the technical problems that the conventional weak signal measurement equipment has low range, slow response, low resolution, and the like, so that the precision reaches 0.1pA or below and the resolution is 10fA.