289 results about "Resistance capacitance" patented technology

The invention relates to an FOC control method based on an automobile air conditioner module motor without a Hall sensor, and belongs to the technical field of automobile electronics. The method comprises the following steps: injecting double-frequency voltage pulses into a stator in stages to position a rotor; collecting current through a sampling resistor and filtering to construct a rotor flux linkage distribution model, and presetting rectangular axis current in combination with noise reduction of a miniature acoustic sensor and air speed gear of an air conditioner; an extended Kalman filter observer is adopted to reversely deduce the load torque, and the torque change rate is monitored to trigger instantaneous load impact protection; the voltage space vector amplitude is corrected through voltage feed-forward compensation, a resistor-capacitor series filter circuit is additionally arranged, and phase dislocation pulse width modulation is adopted for resisting interference; and establishing a motor efficiency-rotating speed-load three-dimensional optimization method, starting dynamic flux-weakening control, and estimating the winding temperature through the stator resistance to adjust the flux-weakening depth. Accurate starting and dynamic load adaptation of the Hall-sensor-free motor are achieved, starting out-of-step and noise exceeding are avoided, and stable air volume of an automobile air conditioner and long-term reliable operation of the motor are guaranteed.

The application discloses a preparation method of a resistance / capacitance dual-response MXene-based hydrogel flexible sensor, and the hydrogel flexible sensor is prepared by combining a microstructure hydrogel prepared from polyacrylamide, gelatin and MXene with an interdigital electrode. The hydrogel flexible sensor can simultaneously detect resistance response signals and capacitance response signals. The detected resistance and capacitance signals are complementary to each other, the single response signal mode of the flexible sensor is widened, the mutual calibration of the same group of data is realized, and the detection precision of the flexible sensor is improved. The MXene-based hydrogel flexible sensor is applied to the detection of human biological signals, for example, carotid artery pulse detection and radial artery pulse detection.

The invention relates to the technical field of on-line monitoring, in particular to an insulation fault on-line monitoring method and system for a medical IT system control cabinet. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a non-integer frequency multiplication detection frequency according to equivalent ground distributed capacitance in a previous monitoring period, and superposing the non-integer frequency multiplication detection frequency with a fundamental frequency to form a composite signal injection system; collecting signals to calculate a voltage instantaneous harmonic distortion rate change gradient, and selecting a time window to split the leakage current according to the change gradient; on the basis of dispersion estimation signal-to-noise ratio weighted fusion current vectors, insulation resistance and distributed capacitance are calculated; constructing a four-dimensional original feature vector composed of the insulation parameter, the phase difference and the intermodulation component energy; constructing a diagonal weighting matrix based on the resistance-capacitance ratio and the gradient to transform a feature vector, and determining the fault attribution through the Mahalanobis distance calculation with the fault template library. According to the scheme, harmonic interference can be avoided, calculation stability can be improved, insulation instantaneous sudden change can be quickly responded, and different fault types can be accurately distinguished to guide maintenance.

The invention relates to a voltage output method and system based on a high-voltage power supply widening controller, and belongs to the technical field of high-voltage power supplies. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a wide-range voltage parameter, and dividing a frequency control region and a pulse width modulation control region of a high-voltage power supply through an arbitration control algorithm to obtain switching judgment information of a power supply working region; constructing a working area switching logic according to the resistance-capacitance network, executing the working area switching logic through a frequency pulse correlation algorithm, coordinating the pulse width and the working frequency, and generating a double-modulation execution signal; a closed-loop negative feedback mechanism is established, and a wide-range overvoltage-free voltage regulation and control instruction is obtained by combining a proportional-integral compensation circuit with a resistance measurement full-right control working frequency and a pulse width; and broadening the output voltage range and inhibiting the overshoot voltage through power supply power driving, coordinating the working frequency and the pulse width in combination with the wide-range overvoltage-free voltage regulation and control instruction, and outputting the wide-range voltage of the high-voltage power supply.

The invention discloses a voltage and current synchronous measurement method for a high-voltage power supply of a fusion device, which is suitable for accurately sampling and monitoring voltage and current signals of each key node of the high-voltage power supply of the fusion device. According to the method, firstly, a resistance-capacitance voltage division technology is adopted, a front-end high-voltage attenuation network is constructed by utilizing high-precision resistors and capacitors, and stable voltage division and linear attenuation of high-voltage signals are achieved; then, electrical isolation is realized through a small-signal voltage and current transformer, and multi-channel synchronous acquisition of voltage and current signals is completed respectively. Then, the ADC module adopts two multi-channel AC sampling special electric energy metering chips to realize ten-channel synchronous acquisition of high voltage and current signals. And finally, the FPGA receives, processes and analyzes the acquired data in real time, and transmits a result to an upper computer monitoring platform. According to the method, the synchronism, the precision and the anti-interference performance of a fusion power supply high-voltage measurement system are remarkably improved, and reliable data support is provided for safe and stable operation of a fusion device.

The application belongs to the technical field of electronic component recycling, in particular to a waste electronic component recycling device, which comprises a workbench, a clamping assembly is arranged on the upper end of the workbench, the clamping assembly comprises a first rectangular plate which is slidably arranged on the upper end of the workbench, two clamping strips are slidably arranged on the upper end of the first rectangular plate, a cylinder is slidably arranged on one side of the upper end of the first rectangular plate, a through hole is formed in the lower end of the cylinder, a hot air blower is arranged on one side of the cylinder, a baffle is arranged on the middle of the upper end of the workbench, a crushing box is arranged on one side of the workbench, an extrusion roller is rotatably arranged in the crushing box, and a discharge port is arranged on one side of the lower end of the crushing box. The device can automatically remove the resistors, capacitors and other components on the surface of the circuit board by using the heating separation method, without damaging the circuit board and the resistors, capacitors and other components, thereby reducing the harm of harmful substances to the environment.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards an integrated circuit (IC) in which cavities separate wires of an interconnect structure. For example, a conductive feature overlies a substrate, and an intermetal dielectric (IMD) layer overlies the conductive feature. A first wire and a second wire neighbor in the IMD layer and respectively have a first sidewall and a second sidewall that face each other while being separated from each other by the IMD layer. Further, the first wire overlies and borders the conductive feature. A first cavity and a second cavity further separate the first and second sidewalls from each other. The first cavity separates the first sidewall from the IMD layer, and the second cavity separates the second sidewall from the IMD layer. The cavities reduce parasitic capacitance between the first and second wires and hence resistance-capacitance (RC) delay that degrades IC performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency integrated circuits, and discloses a low-noise voltage-controlled oscillator circuit which comprises a source electrode following low-noise bias circuit with digital calibration, a source electrode following low-noise bias circuit with digital calibration, a source electrode following low-noise bias circuit with digital calibration and a source electrode following low-noise bias circuit with digital calibration, the cross-coupled amplifier array is composed of a plurality of units, and the source electrode of the cross-coupled amplifier array suppresses low-frequency noise through a resistance-capacitance feedback network and receives a digital amplitude calibration signal so as to dynamically adjust the number of working units and stabilize the output amplitude; the amplitude self-calibration loop consists of digital logic and a peak detector; the switched capacitor unit array is provided with stable direct-current bias; and a wide linear variable capacitor array driven by the stepped bias voltage. Through deep fusion of digital and analog technologies, the phase noise is remarkably reduced, the linear tuning range is widened, the amplitude stability is ensured, the power consumption is reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for a high-performance radio frequency communication chip of the Internet of Things.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for charging a bootstrap capacitor of an electric compressor controller. The method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating time required for fully charging the bootstrap capacitor according to resistance and capacitance values of a bootstrap charging circuit; s2, the minimum duty ratio is set based on the driving control frequency of the controller, and the single switching charging duration of the bootstrap capacitor is calculated; s3, working time of low-voltage side switch tubes in the three single-phase half-bridge units is calculated; and S4, controlling the bootstrap capacitor of the corresponding single-phase half-bridge unit to be charged to a required voltage value. Relates to the field of new energy automobile electric compressors. The time required for fully charging the bootstrap capacitor is accurately calculated according to the resistance and capacitance values of the bootstrap charging circuit, so that the charging efficiency and the driving stability of the high-voltage side switching tube are improved, and the bootstrap charging circuit is particularly suitable for reliable operation of a new energy truck in frequent start-stop and high-load scenes.

The invention discloses a circuit and a method for demodulating current received by an instrument bus host, and relates to the technical field of instruments. The current demodulation circuit comprises an adder, the first input end of the adder is connected with an instrument bus MBUS to receive MBUS signals, the second input end of the adder receives reference voltage signals, and the output end of the adder outputs summing voltage signals; the resistor and capacitor charging and discharging device is connected with the output end of the summator so as to process the summing voltage signal; and the reverse input end of the comparator receives the MBUS signal, and the positive input end of the comparator receives the summing voltage signal processed by the resistor-capacitor charging and discharging device so as to determine the logic level corresponding to the MBUS signal based on the signal level of the output end of the comparator. According to the invention, the problem that the MBUS host receiving circuit cannot be compatible with all MBUS meters is solved.

The invention provides a method for estimating the state of charge of a marine lithium iron phosphate battery based on model compensation and improved Kalman filtering. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage and current data of the marine lithium iron phosphate battery; constructing a novel compensation model taking an improved Play hysteresis operator as a core, and quantifying the hysteresis voltage of the battery; on the basis of a second-order RC equivalent circuit model, hysteresis voltage is used as voltage input of an ideal voltage source in the battery and is injected into model internal resistance and capacitance parameter values obtained through identification at different temperatures, and an equivalent circuit model considering hysteresis at different temperatures is formed; performing parameter identification on the equivalent circuit model with hysteresis compensation by adopting an adaptive forgetting factor recursive least square method, and adaptively optimizing a forgetting factor and an initial parameter value, so that an error between a terminal voltage value simulated by the equivalent circuit model and an actual voltage value is minimum; and carrying out joint estimation on the battery end voltage and the SOC by adopting an adaptive square root unscented Kalman filtering algorithm, so that the error of the end voltage is minimum, and an estimated value of the battery SOC is obtained.

The invention relates to a voltage following module, a heat management controller water pump driving circuit and a vehicle. The voltage following module comprises an operational amplifier U1A, an operational amplifier U1B, resistors R1 to R6 and capacitors C1 to C3. The in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a voltage P5VNor through a resistor R3; the anti-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a voltage P5VUp through a resistor R4, and the anti-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1A is also connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1A through a resistor R6; the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is also connected to a voltage P5VUp through a resistor R2 and a resistor R1; and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1B to form a voltage follower structure. The problem of current sampling deviation caused by a voltage follower in a water pump driving circuit of an existing automobile heat management controller is solved.

A signal acquisition system and amplifier for resisting high-frequency interference include a signal terminal; a first filter circuit includes a first access point, a second access point, resistors R1, R2, and R3, and capacitors C1, C2, and C3; one end of resistor R1 is connected to the first access point, and the other end is connected to one end of resistor R2, the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the second access point, the end of resistor R1 connected to resistor R2 is also connected to one end of capacitor C3, and the other end of capacitor C3 is grounded; one end of capacitor C1 is connected to the first access point, and the other end is connected to one end of capacitor C2, the other end of capacitor C2 is connected to the second access point, the end of capacitor C1 connected to capacitor C2 is also connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R3 is grounded; the first filter circuit is connected in series with the first access point and the second access point to the signal terminal. Compared with traditional anti-interference filter structures, this invention can achieve better high-frequency interference resistance with a smaller on-chip cost.

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrical components, and specifically relates to a large current filter, and the auxiliary device comprises a circuit board, a circular magnet, a rotating coil, a fixing block, a resistor and a capacitor. After the rotating coil is wound on the circular magnet, the contact area on the circuit board is connected, and then the appropriate resistor and capacitor are installed, so that the device can be used normally. The device assembles the capacitor, the resistor and the common mode inductance on one circuit board, reduces the space of the filter, reduces the loss, reduces the cost, effectively reduces the manufacturing difficulty by using the modular installation mode, has good practicability and economy, and is beneficial to the promotion and use of the device.

The invention discloses a novel memristor Baplov associative memory circuit, and belongs to the field of memristor neural networks. Comprising a control module composed of NMOS tubes T1 and T2, diodes D1 and D2 and a resistor R11, a neuron module composed of an NMOS tube T3, a voltage source VDD and a resistor R12, an absolute value circuit composed of operational amplifiers A2 and A3, diodes D3 and D4 and resistors R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10, a voltage following operational amplifier A1 and a learning forgetting module. Aiming at the technical bottlenecks that a current Baplov associative memory circuit depends on a multi-memristor array, is complex in structure and is difficult to realize a multi-type forgetting function, a very simple hardware architecture design is innovatively provided, only one memristor is used as a core memory unit, and a circuit system is constructed by matching a small number of basic electronic devices such as resistors, capacitors and transistors; therefore, three key forgetting modes in the Baplov associative memory process can be efficiently realized.

The utility model relates to a high-stability output circuit. The high-stability output circuit comprises an input module, a main control module and an output module, the main control module comprises a chip IC1 and a compensation unit, the input module is electrically connected with the chip IC1, the compensation unit comprises a capacitor C4 and a resistor R2, the first end of the capacitor C4 is electrically connected with the chip IC1, the second end of the capacitor C4 is electrically connected with the first end of the resistor R2, and the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded; and the output module is electrically connected with the chip IC1. According to the scheme provided by the invention, ripples in the circuit can be filtered out, and the stability of voltage output is improved.

The utility model discloses a bottom noise reduction device of an LIN communication photoelectric converter, which belongs to the technical field of noise control of vehicle-mounted photoelectric communication and comprises a circuit board body, an RC filter circuit is arranged on the circuit board body and comprises an input end and a resistor, the input end is used for being connected with the vehicle-mounted LIN communication photoelectric converter, and the resistor is connected with the circuit board body. The capacitor is connected with an output end of a to-be-tested product; the circuit board body is provided with a first wiring terminal which is convenient to disassemble and assemble the resistor and a second wiring terminal which is convenient to disassemble and assemble the capacitor. According to the utility model, the RC filtering principle is combined, the device can be matched with a vehicle-mounted LIN communication photoelectric converter in the market, and the space radiation energy in the frequency range of 150kHz-500kHz is reduced under the condition that the normal communication of a vehicle-mounted test product is not influenced, so that the ground noise of the electromagnetic compatibility emission test of the vehicle-mounted product meets the test requirement that the ground noise is lower than the limit value of 6dB.

The utility model discloses a kind of applied in the stable bootstrap potential circuit in FET operating point circuit, including resistance R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, capacitor C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, MOS tube T4 and sound head MK, the diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 are in series in turn, diode D4 is away from diode D3 one end and connects polarized voltage, there is C8 between diode D1 and diode D4 and parallel, diode D1 is away from diode D2 one end and capacitor C1 is close to diode D2 one end and parallel and has capacitor C2, resistance R1 is away from diode D1 and connected with resistance R7, resistance R7 is away from resistance R1 one end and connected with sound head MK, this kind of bootstrap potential circuit structure is simple, applicability is strong, can effectively avoid the phenomenon that sensitivity appears bad, improve the practicality of bootstrap potential circuit.

The application provides a ring oscillator circuit, comprising: a bias circuit and a delay circuit; the bias circuit is used for generating a first bias current and a second bias current, the first bias current is inversely proportional to a voltage drop resistance in the bias circuit and is proportional to a square root of a reference current; in the delay circuit, a first input end of a delay control circuit is used for obtaining the first bias current, and a second input end is used for obtaining the second bias current; a first capacitor is arranged in the delay control circuit, so that a rising delay time of an output end of the delay control circuit is proportional to the first capacitor, inversely proportional to the first bias current and proportional to a flip threshold of a delay inverter in the delay control circuit, wherein the flip threshold of the delay inverter is proportional to the square root of the reference current, so that an oscillation period of the ring oscillator circuit is mainly determined by the proportion of the resistance, the capacitance and the square root of the reference current in the circuit, and the relationship between the oscillation period and the size of the reference current is weakened.

The utility model relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a voltage sampling circuit applied to an EPS (Electric Power Storage) and capable of reducing sleep current, which comprises a power management module, a microcontroller, an NMOS (N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor, a resistor and a capacitor, the other end of the resistor I is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with one end of a divider resistor II and one end of a current-limiting resistor, the other end of the divider resistor II is connected with a drain electrode of an NMOS (N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor, and a grid electrode of the NMOS transistor is connected with a driving resistor in series and then is connected with an I / O (Input / Output) pin of the microcontroller. Compared with the prior art, by turning off the NMOS transistor connected in series in the voltage sampling circuit, the whole voltage sampling circuit is turned off during dormancy, so that the newly added consumption after the CAN chip is added can be made up, the increase influence caused by the rise of the battery voltage can be avoided, and the customer requirement of smaller dormancy current of the whole EPS ECU can be met.

FIELD: electrical engineering.SUBSTANCE: development of pulsed electrical energy converters as a driver for controlling a power transistor. The invention aims to solve is to expand the scope of application of the driver and increase its reliability. Unipolar power supply of the driver is achieved by replacing the comparator with a Darlington transistor circuit, connected to the input through a series resistive-capacitive circuit to the point where the amplified control signal is supplied, and to the common point of the circuit via a resistor and a diode parallel to it. The amplification of the input control pulse is achieved by connecting a field-effect transistor between the control signal supply point, the common point of the circuit, and the terminal of the primary winding of the gate transformer, opposite to the one connected to the power supply point through a current-limiting resistor, which amplifies the input control signal.EFFECT: expansion of the driver's application area in push-pull circuits due to the presence of active locking, simplification of the driver's power supply circuit, and simplification of the control circuits due to the inclusion of an amplifier in the driver.1 cl, 1 dwg

The invention discloses a transistor amplification circuit experiment board and an experiment system. Comprising a printed circuit board, a transistor, an adjustable resistor, a plurality of wiring terminals and a plurality of pairs of contact pin sleeves are arranged on the printed circuit board, and two contact pin sleeves of each pair of contact pin sleeves are electrically isolated; an amplifying circuit with a common emitter, a common collector or a common base can be constructed by selecting a signal input port and a signal output port and inserting a capacitor and a resistor into each butt joint pin sleeve to keep an open circuit or a short circuit; the experiment system further comprises a static working voltage display circuit which is used for measuring power supply voltage and static working voltage of the base electrode, the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of the transistor. According to the invention, various bias scheme experiments such as a basic common-emitter amplification circuit experiment with an emitter grounded and a common-emitter amplification circuit experiment with an emitter with alternating current and direct current negative feedback can be carried out, and the device has the advantages that the resistors and the capacitors are all self-selected, and the connection relation of components is intuitive; students can fully understand and master the working characteristics of the transistor amplification circuit.

The present application relates to the technical field of voltage modulator, particularly relates to a voltage modulator with reduced transient voltage drop; the voltage modulator of the present application, transistor M5, M13, and resistance R3, R4, capacitor C2, C3 realize the function of reducing transient voltage drop.When the output voltage VOUT drops rapidly, the change is coupled to node V1 through capacitor C2, so that V1 also follows the drop, the current of transistor M5 increases, this current flows through transistor M13, so that the voltage of node V2 increases, and then is coupled to the gate node V3 of transistor M11 through capacitor C3, the current of transistor M11 increases, this current discharges the gate node V4 of transistor M4 through transistor M7, increases the current of transistor M4, and this current is used to pull back the output voltage VOUT, so that the function of reducing transient voltage drop is realized.

The utility model provides a control circuit capable of being compatible with various sound card chips, which is characterized in that a power supply is in power supply connection with a sound card compatible main control circuit, the input end of the sound card compatible main control circuit is connected with audio signal source input equipment, and the output end of the sound card compatible main control circuit is connected with audio signal playing equipment; the sound card compatible main control circuit is internally provided with a sound card chip U9, a resistor R357, a capacitor C80 and a capacitor C81, the sound card chip U9 is provided with 48 pins, the first pin of the sound card chip U9 is connected with the output end of the power supply, the 23rd and 24th pins of the sound card chip U9 are connected with the output end of audio signal source input equipment, and the 21st and 22th pins of the sound card chip U9 are connected with the input end of audio signal playing equipment. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the control circuit can be suitable for the matching use of three sound card chips, namely an ALC662 sound card chip, an ALC892 sound card chip and an ALC897 sound card chip at the same time.

The utility model discloses a servo driver power output circuit based on a GaN power device, and relates to the technical field of motor driving. Wherein the power supply module converts and provides electric energy, the main control board sends a PWM signal to the PWM buffer module, the PWM buffer module adjusts the time sequence of the signal and then transmits the signal to the GaN driving module, the GaN driving module comprises three driving units which are connected in sequence, each unit is composed of a GaN power device and a plurality of resistors and capacitors and is responsible for receiving the adjusted PWM signal and controlling the power output of an external load, the power supply module comprises an LDO power supply unit and an isolation power supply unit, the PWM buffer module comprises two voltage level conversion units, and stable transmission and processing of signals are ensured. By using the GaN power device, the limitation of the traditional Si power device in the application of the servo driver is overcome, and a servo driver design scheme which is more efficient, more compact, more reliable and better in cost is realized.

The utility model discloses a time sequence power supply circuit applied to a system cabinet, which comprises an integrated circuit U9, one end of the integrated circuit U9 is connected in parallel with a resistor R66, one end of the connection part of the integrated circuit U9 and the resistor R66 is connected with a resistor R64, the other end of the connection part of the integrated circuit U9 and the resistor R66 is connected with a capacitor C37 and a resistor R67, the other end of the resistor R67 is connected with a capacitor C38, and the capacitor C38 is connected with a resistor R66. The surface of the resistor R67 is connected with a transistor U10, one end of the transistor U10 is connected with a resistor R69 and a resistor R68, and one end of the capacitor C38, one end of the capacitor C37 and one end of the resistor R68 are all connected with one end of the resistor R65. The time sequence starting function is controlled by designing the starting time of each independent switching power supply, stable power supply output is provided for equipment, the influence of power supply fluctuation and interference on the equipment is avoided, and the service life of a system cabinet is prolonged.

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic measurement, in particular to a low-voltage control high-voltage side constant-current excitation circuit and a working method thereof. The circuit comprises a high-voltage constant-voltage circuit and a constant-current control circuit, wherein the output end of the high-voltage constant-voltage circuit is connected with the input end of the constant-current control circuit. The high-voltage constant-voltage circuit comprises a high-voltage power supply V1, a field-effect tube Q1, a three-terminal adjustable voltage stabilizer U1, a voltage-regulator tube Z1, a diode D1, a diode D2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4. The low-voltage-control high-voltage-side constant-current excitation circuit is used for achieving precise constant-current output on the high-voltage side, the control signal of the circuit is provided by the low-voltage side, and the problems of safety, cost and precision of traditional high-voltage design are solved.

DC-DC converter with an output-side storage capacitor arrangement for providing an operating voltage for an inductive load and for at least one further electronic circuit and / or electronic component of a vehicle electronics, wherein the storage capacitor arrangement is connected to the DC-DC converter via a reverse-biased diode (6) and the output-side storage capacitor arrangement is connected to a parallel circuit consisting of an electrolytic capacitor (1), a ceramic capacitor (2) and a circuit arrangement is formed with a series connection of a hybrid electrolytic capacitor (3) and a suppressor diode (4) and a resistor (5) connected in parallel to the hybrid electrolytic capacitor (3), wherein the hybrid electrolytic capacitor (3) has a lower series resistance than the electrolytic capacitor (1) and a larger capacitance than the ceramic capacitor (2), so that in the event of energy being fed back from the inductive load into the storage capacitor arrangement, the hybrid electrolytic capacitor (3) absorbs a large proportion of the energy and thus prevents a voltage increase at an output terminal above a value at which connected components can be destroyed, wherein the output terminal is the cathode terminal of the diode (6) and the inductive load can be connected to the output terminal.

This utility model discloses a touch signal conversion and reading circuit, including an MCU. The PWM signal output terminal of the MCU is connected to the MCU's ADC signal detection terminal via resistor R1, capacitor C1, and resistor R2 in sequence. A touch electrode A1 is also connected between capacitor C1 and resistor R2. The MCU's ADC signal detection terminal is equipped with a signal processing module, which includes a resistor R3 and a capacitor C2 connected in parallel. One end of each resistor R3 and capacitor C2 is connected to the MCU's ADC signal detection terminal, and the other end is connected and grounded. This utility model replaces a dedicated chip with "capacitive coupling waveform distortion detection" and combines a hardware hardening design of "diode reverse protection + voltage divider filtering," reducing hardware costs and improving reliability and compatibility.

The present invention provides a clock signal generator and a frequency trimming method that can trim the clock frequency with high resolution. [Solution] The clock signal generator includes an oscillator circuit and a charge transfer capacitor. The oscillator circuit is configured to generate a clock signal and includes a comparator and a resistor-capacitor (RC) circuit, the RC circuit including a capacitor. The charge transfer capacitor is connected to the RC circuit. The frequency of the clock signal is trimmed by injecting or extracting charge associated with the RC circuit through the charge transfer capacitor.